北京：积极推进节约型园林绿化

·编者按· 实施节约园林,是当今世界非常关注的问题,更是人类对自己所生存的环境关爱的明智之举.本期专题围绕"节约园林"这个行业的热门话题,邀请北京、上海、广州三个城市的专家领导和从事设计、科研、建设的专家,结合自己的实践各抒己见,并介绍推荐了许多好的做法,给读者以启发和借鉴.     

再生与再织2007年深圳·香港城市/建筑双城双年展

十年前,建筑界最精力充沛的探险家瑞姆·库哈斯带领着他的哈佛团队潜入珠三角,以一部后来被冠名为"大跃进"的集体著作,拉开一个区域被大笔书写的序幕。此后的十年,以广州、深圳为中心的珠三角城市故事作为一种全新的模式受到世界关注。这里发生的一切好像一部美国西部大开发历史,曾经蛮荒的土地上,城市运动带来的变化令人目眩神迷。     

想象一种可以"吹"、"化"的建筑——2007深圳·香港城市\建筑双城双年展总策展人马清运专访

问:能否介绍一下您在怎样的背景下提出2007深圳·香港城市\建筑双城双年展的主题——"城市的过期和再生"?马清运:一般说来对于城市的理解有两种学派,一种学派认为城市是通过时间的孕育和历史的演变自然而然生长出来的,是一个有机体,所有的有机体都有生、长、熟、死的过程。但这恰恰违背我们盖房子和建城市     

超大型玻璃幕墙"四性"试验研究

北京首都国际机场新航站楼T3B工程中的幕墙系统是工程的一大特色,也是工程质量控制的重点和难点,通过超大型玻璃幕墙四性(空气渗透性、雨水渗漏性、风压变形、结构位移)试验,验证了工程中幕墙本身的性能以及安装工艺能够满足设计要求的各项指标.     

中国对美国造园设计的影响

直到现在我们所知的、中国风景园林对美国的影响都是间接的。也就是说,它的影响是通过其他设计传统传到美国的①,正因为如此,且不提普通大众,许多设计师可能也没有意识到有来自中国的任何影响。尽管随着大量中国式庭院在美国兴建的状况正在发生着改变,但中国式的设计仍然被另2个国家—日本和英国的设计传统先入为主地诠释了。探讨为什么大量中国的风景园林设计对美国的影响是间接的,进而探讨为什么这种状况在今后可能有所改观。     

聚人才优势 创临工辉煌

2005年4月8日，在”四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”的文化名城济南，山东临工工程机械有限公司迎来了喜庆的日子。经国家人事部批准，临工博士后科研工作站正式成立，同时挂牌的还有临工工程机械研究所。出席挂牌典礼的有山东省人事厅的领导、临沂市人民政府的领导、中国工程机械工业协会的领导，还有吉林大学、同济大学、长安大学、山西科技大学、北京航空航天大学、柳工工程机械集团的专家、教授以及新闻媒体、协作单位的代表。     

装载机轮胎打滑的原因及其应对措施

在轮式装载机工作过程中,有时会发生轮胎打滑现象.所谓打滑,是指轮胎在路面上滑移或滑转.此时,装载机的牵引力急剧下降,轮胎磨损,装载机无法正常工作.从车辆的运动学和动力学方面解释了造成轮胎打滑的根本原因,说明了打滑的种类及造成的危害.论述了避免轮胎打滑的应对措施,其中包括对两侧和单侧轮胎打滑,以及因存在寄生功率而使轮胎打滑时应采取的不同措施.     

Innovation and future of mining rock mechanics

The 121 mining method of longwall mining first proposed in England has been widely used around the world.This method requires excavation of two mining roadways and reservation of one coal pillar to mine one working face.Due to considerable excavation of roadway,the mining roadway is generally destroyed during coal mining.The stress concentration in the coal pillar can cause large deformation of surrounding rocks,rockbursts and other disasters,and subsequently a large volume of coal pillar resources will be wasted.To improve the coal recovery rate and reduce excavation of the mining roadway,the 111 mining method of longwall mining was proposed in the former Soviet Union based on the 121 mining method.The 111 mining method requires excavation of one mining roadway and setting one filling body to replace the coal pillar while maintaining another mining roadway to mine one working face.However,because the stress transfer structure of roadway and working face roof has not changed,the problem of stress concentration in the surrounding rocks of roadway has not been well solved.To solve the above problems,the conventional concept utilizing high-strength support to resist the mining pressure for the 121 and 111 mining methods should be updated.The idea is to utilize mining pressure and expansion characteristics of the collapsed rock mass in the goaf to automatically form roadways,avoiding roadway excavation and waste of coal pillar.Based on the basic principles of mining rock mechanics,the“equilibrium mining”theory and the“short cantilever beam”mechanical model are proposed.Key technologies,such as roof directional presplitting technology,negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)high-prestress constant-resistance support technology,and gangue blocking support technology,are developed following the“equilibrium mining”theory.Accordingly,the 110 and N00 mining methods of an automatically formed roadway(AFR)by roof cutting and pressure releasing without pillars are proposed.The mining methods have been applied to a large number of coal mines with different overburdens,coal seam thicknesses,roof types and gases in China,realizing the integrated mode of coal mining and roadway retaining.On this basis,in view of the complex geological conditions and intelligent mining demand of coal mines,an intelligent and unmanned development direction of the“equilibrium mining”method is prospected.     

御风而行

我和你一样,都没有翅膀。但我要带着你飞,御着风。让我们从南中国五十年不遇的浩雪冻雨中起飞,在浩瀚的太平洋上拍浪翱翔,飞过赤道时请向严寒挥手道别。前方!神奇的非洲大陆就在前方!降落时你是否会有时空错乱的感觉?在这原始的茅棚聚     

战争与女权博物馆

<正>这个博物馆并没有气派的入口、门厅,亲切信息服务台和大尺度的展览空间。它位于城山洞的住宅区深处,只有一扇门,而且比通常建筑的门还要小。周围也没有明显的指示牌标示博物馆的所在。取而代之的,是一条联通博物馆内外的游客步道,引领着游客去了解这里的故事。游客们在这样一种充满不确定性的环境中的体验,在某种程度上与当年被战争挟裹而成为慰安妇的老奶奶们所经历的不安感类似。     

氧气助燃技术是浮法玻璃工业摆脱困境的绿色工程

该文就浮法玻璃行业的现状进行分析,指出浮法玻璃工业只有大胆走科技创新之路,尽快实施玻璃熔窑氧气助燃新技术,尽快迈入绿色产业,才能最终摆脱困境,在市场竞争中获胜。     

诗意的建筑——读安藤忠雄建筑有感

作者通过阅读有关安藤忠雄的文献,安藤的文章及其建筑作品,阐述安藤的作品中对建筑与环境、自然的理解,混凝土的处理与应用,封闭空间的内涵以及光在建筑中的处理,感悟大师所创造的建筑诗意的美.     

Eine Glaskuppel über dem Nordhof des Landtages von Schleswig‐Holstein

A glass cupola above the northern courtyard of the Schleswig‐Holstein. The new glass cupola above the northern courtyard of the Schleswig‐Holstein parliament building in Kiel is part of the maintenance as well as extension work for the existing building. Form as well as structural behaviour are determined by the fact that the existing building is classified as a historical monument as well as the unconventional geometry of the glass dome. This article describes the conceptual design and the structural design for the glass cupola as well as its structural behaviour.     

群体工程施工组织管理探讨

简述了施工组织形式及其在群体工程施工中的具体应用,详述了项目组织体系中的人员管理与制度管理的具体措施,从而有力地保障了项目施工的顺利实施和管理的科学化及条理化。     

试论新农村建设中的规划创新

新农村建设是一个综合的系统工程,也是一个完整的社会发展规划,应摒弃原有的单一的物质建设规划的思路,以社会整体为重点,关注物质建设、经济发展、社区发展及社会福利等多方面的问题,兼顾效率与公平;在规划方法上,应改变原有的单纯的部门自上而下式的规划控制方法,采取农民直接参与,以农民为主体的,各部门、社会各界相互协调的联动式规划方法;在规划实施上,从注重目标的蓝图导向式转向注重问题的过程协调式,坚持政府引导、专家指导、农民自愿实施、多方参与的方式,促进新农村的发展.     

压缩条件下非饱和黄土的结构流体等效应力特性

 对不同含水率的西安原状、重塑及人工结构性黄土进行压缩试验,依据变形等效原则,用同一固结孔隙比下非饱和黄土与相同干密度饱和黄土的应力之差确定结构流体等效应力,探讨结构流体等效应力的特性。分析结果表明：西安原状、重塑及人工结构性黄土的结构流体等效应力与总应力及饱和度之间呈幂函数关系,这与其他地区原状黄土定性上相同,结构流体等效应力的变化规律具有很强的普适性。结构流体等效应力能够反映黄土的结构性、湿度及应力的变化,其幂函数表达式中参数与含水率、结构性、干密度有关。根据此幂函数关系式可以确定湿载耦合作用下非饱和黄土的结构流体等效应力,进而得到非饱和黄土的有效应力及有效应力压缩曲线。     

The Virtual Architecture of Silicon Valley

Over the past half-century, as Silicon Valley has emerged as the Mecca of digital technology, the buildings of the area have remained resolutely bland, superficial, and ephemeral. This may in fact signal not mere cheapness but also an alternative aesthetic, as yet unarticulated: a self-conscious aversion to architectural representations of hierarchy, stability, and technological permanence. Tracing the history as well as present trends of design and research and development in Silicon Valley, this article suggests a challenge as well as an opportunity for architects, but only if they are willing to put aside some of the profession's fundamental premises.     

唐安村整治规划探索

文章根据唐安村的实际,提出以国家政策为方针,实地调查为依据,现状特征为基础,村民需求为方向,提升质量为目标的村庄整治规划思路及规划方案。     

“土人”景观思想概述

用“土人”定位当代景观设计为生存的艺术、以“天地-人-神”的思想为设计核心、以“反规划”作为设计的途径、以“大脚美学”作为审美的方式,通过生态设计来诠释土地价值和景观设计中其作为生存艺术的重要性。     

Dispersion and transport paths of toxic persistent organochlorines to the Arctic--levels and consequences

Most people still consider the Arctic as one of the last non-polluted regions of the world. However, recent studies have shown that the levels of organochlorines such as chlorinated pesticides, dibenzofurans and dibenzo-p-dioxins are surprisingly high in biota such as seals and polar bears from the Norwegian and Canadian Arctic. A short review is given of our knowledge concerning levels and sources as well as consequences of the presence of persistent toxic organochlorines in the Arctic. Long-range air transport, in particular, as the main source of these compounds will be discussed in more detail.