电镀金刚石线锯镀镍层力学性能及磨粒把持力研究

电镀工艺参数直接影响电镀金刚石线锯镀镍层的力学性能且难以测定。按金刚石线锯电镀工艺制备电镀试件,利用纳米压/划痕仪、X射线衍射仪测试试件的力学性能,得镀镍层的硬度、弹性模量、残余应力以及镀镍层与线锯基体的结合强度。简化计算镀镍层对金刚石磨粒的把持力。根据试验获得的镀镍层力学参数建立磨粒把持力有限元模型并进行仿真分析。简化计算与仿真分析的结果一致性较好。      

预镀镍层对一种C-Mn-Si高强钢选择性氧化行为的影响

目的 抑制高强钢中合金元素在表面选择性氧化.方法 在一种C-Mn-Si体系高强钢表面预先电镀100 nm厚度的镍,然后在镀锌模拟器上进行模拟退火处理.使用扫描电镜及其附属的X射线能谱仪观察分析了试样表面形貌和元素构成,使用辉光放电光谱仪研究了样品退火后表面的元素深度分布,使用X射线光电子能谱鉴定了样品退火后的表面化合物...     

金刚石工具中金刚石与胎体结合力的提高方法

由于金刚石具有高硬度、高强度、高耐磨性等一系列优异的物理化学特性,被广泛地用来制备金刚石工具.但金刚石工具中存在的把持力不足、颗粒脱落、氧化、石墨化等问题,严重影响了工具的使用寿命和效率.文章介绍了提高金刚石工具中金刚石与胎体结合力的两大类方法:用表面金属化、表面粗化方法提高金刚石与胎体机械镶嵌力;用气相沉积法、化学镀而后热处理法、盐浴法使金刚石与金属形成化学键结合.通过实施以上方法可以有效地解决金刚石工具中颗粒的结合力问题.     

超声波对镀镍金刚石性能的影响

本文研究了超声波对镀镍金刚石性能的影响。结果表明：超声波使金刚石表面的镍镀层更加均匀和致密，并有增加镀速的作用。超声波可提高镀镍金刚石的抗压强度、氧化温度和热稳定性，并随超声波频率的增加，金刚石性能有提高的趋势。     

Ti3SiC2陶瓷颗粒表面超声波化学镀铜

钛碳化硅（Ti3SiC2）陶瓷导电材料有许多优异的性能,其摩擦系数甚至比石墨更低,完全可以取代石墨用来制备性能更加优良的铜基电接触复合材料,但是由于其与铜基体之间的浸润性不是很好,研究了利用超声波化学镀覆技术在Ti3SiC2颗粒表面均匀镀上一层连续的铜镀层。通过扫描电子显微镜对铜镀层表面形貌的观察表明：通过严格的镀前预处理工艺的优化设计以增加活化点,对传统镀液配方的调整以降低镀速,能够成功的在Ti3SiC2颗粒表面均匀镀覆一层铜微粒,改善了Ti3SiC2和铜基体间的润湿性,从而增强二者之间的界面结合力。     

石墨表面无敏化及活化的化学镀铜法

由于石墨表面具有特殊性,具备自动催化的功能,因此无需敏化、活化等工艺,可直接在石墨表面进行化学镀铜,获得的铜镀层光滑致密,镀液的稳定性好,同时对石墨表面化学镀铜的机理进行了探讨,分析了镀液能稳定进行镀覆反应的原因,并利用SEM对反应初期以及后期的复合粉末进行了观察,证明反应时石墨表面能直接生成大量均匀分布的铜微晶,生长至彼此侧面相连时就得到完整镀层,并且石墨颗粒越小,化学镀铜的活性越高,因而非常适合用于制备高性能的金属石墨复合材料.     

Preparation a nickel-aluminide bonded diamond tool by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and strengthening by nickel-chromium-phosphorus alloy and copper

Metal bonded diamond tools are normally manufactured by hot-press sintering, which is a high energy consuming process and using a large number of graphite moulds as well. Graphite dust is hazardous to operator's health and environment in machining of graphite mould. In present study, a metal bonded diamond tool is manufactured by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) without hot press sintering and consuming of graphite moulds. In order to improve bonding of diamond grit and flexural strength of the tool for this method, nickel‑chromium‑phosphorus alloy and copper are introduced into nickel‑aluminum SHS in present study. The influence of nickel‑chromium‑phosphorus alloy and copper content on the combustion processes, the thermal behaviors, and the microstructures of the synthesized composite bonds are examined in detail. A diamond tool based on the optimized composite is prepared, and the grinding performance is examined. The results reveal that the addition of nickel‑chromium‑phosphorus alloy and copper inhibited the SHS reaction of nickel‑aluminum and reduced the combustion velocity, combustion temperature and reaction exothermic enthalpy. Copper can significantly improve flexural strength of the nickel aluminide bond. However, the maximum of nickel‑chromium‑phosphorus alloy or copper is about 60 wt% to sustain the SHS. A homogeneously dispersed and interconnected nickel-chromium-phosphorus phase in the matrix of nickel aluminides can be obtained with addition of over 40 wt% nickel‑chromium‑phosphorus alloy. A continuous chromium rich layer, composed of chromium carbide, has been formed at the interface between diamond grit and matrix, which renders a chemical bond of diamond grit. On the basis of the addition of 40 wt% nickel‑chromium‑phosphorus alloy and 10 wt% copper, an interconnected nickel‑chromium‑phosphorus phase for strong bonding of diamond grit and a flexural strength up to 700 MPa are achieved, which is considered as an excellent candidate material for diamond tools. The grinding test shows that the diamond tool owns a sound machining ability on the granite, and the diamond grit can be well retained and protruded.     

电源输出形式对电镀金刚石切割线上砂形貌的影响

为研究上砂电源的输出形式对金刚石切割线上砂形貌的影响,使用直径为0.18 mm镀铜高碳钢线为基线,和粒度尺寸为30~40 μm（表面化学镀镍磷合金、增重30%）的金刚石颗粒进行电镀试验。上砂电源的输出形式分别为直流输出、单脉冲输出和双脉冲输出。单脉冲输出时,随着占空比从0.8降到0.2,金刚石颗粒在切割线上的团聚现象逐渐减少,占空比为0.6时上砂效果最佳。双脉冲输出时,随着正向脉冲的开通比从8降到2,金刚石颗粒的团聚现象也逐渐降低,开通比为6时最佳,此时基本没有团聚现象,金刚石分布较均匀。理论分析表明:双脉冲输出的负脉冲对团聚的金刚石有脱附作用,因此能有效抑制团聚现象,同时过于强烈的脱附作用也会降低上砂量。      

片状与粉末触媒对石墨转化成金刚石的催化效率研究

为了研究片状与粉末的镍基或铁基触媒对石墨转化为金刚石的催化性能的影响,采用金刚石成核和生长动力学方法分别计算了片状与粉末触媒参与下金刚石生长的活化能与比表面能。结果表明,无沦是片状还是粉末触媒,这两种触媒对金刚石生长活化能与比表面能的影响差异很小,比表面能与金刚石的结晶形态有关,决定于合成的温度压力条件。然而,粉末触媒的催化效率比片状触媒高得多,更有利于石墨转化为金刚石。     

Comparative studies on the electroless deposition of Ni-P, Co-P and their composites with SiC particles

Electroless deposition of nickel and cobalt from alkaline baths as well as their codeposition with SiC particles were compared. It was found that despite similarity in properties of the metals their behavior in the electroless process was different. Maleic acid was used to stabilize plating baths, however the optimal concentration of the additive depended on the type of deposited metal. The electroless deposition characterized with low plating efficiency and it was higher for nickel than for cobalt. The composition as well as the morphology of Ni-P and Co-P deposits were also dissimilar. SiC particles inhibited the metal deposition, affected the plating potential, but did not alter the matrix composition. SiC entrapment was more preferential within the cobalt matrix than the nickel one. Some adsorption phenomena on SiC powder were also studied.     

BN与LPSO相混杂增强的镁基复合材料制备及性能

研究了六方氮化硼(h-BN)颗粒增强镁基复合材料的制备工艺及其性能。通过化学镀法在h-BN颗粒表面包覆一层纯镍,镀镍处理能显著改善h-BN与镁合金熔体的润湿性,改善其与基体的界面结合。通过向基体合金中加入Y元素,利用镀镍层熔入熔体中的Ni获得了由Mg-Ni-Y组成的LPSO结构(长周期堆垛有序结构),制得了h-BN+LPSO混杂增强的镁基复合材料。超声处理后,hBN增强相体积分数为3%的镁基复合材料热导率为99.92W/(m·K),室温(RT)至100℃的平均热膨胀系数为18.36×10^-6K^-1,抗拉强度为171MPa,伸长率为3.9%,获得了兼具较高力学性能和优异热物性能的镁合金材料。     

金刚石化学镀镍的研究

目的增强金刚石与基体的结合强度。方法采用"除油—粗化—敏化活化—解胶"的方法对金刚石进行预处理,通过化学镀镍方法对金刚石进行表面改性,结合扫描电子显微镜及X射线能谱仪研究不同参数对化学镀镍层的影响。结果在粒度为10μm左右的金刚石表面镀覆致密镍层的最佳工艺参数为:Ni SO4·6H2O(主盐)25 g/L,次亚磷酸钠30 g/L,乳酸15 g/L,乙酸钠15 g/L,稳定剂20 mg/L,光亮剂1 g/L,p H=5.5,温度85℃。结论次亚磷酸钠含量、硫脲含量、p H值、温度对镀覆时间、金刚石增重比及镀层形貌有影响,以最佳工艺参数获得的金刚石镍镀层包覆完整均匀,质量较好。     

铸铝表面制备环保型Ni-P-金刚石化学复合镀层

为提高铸铝表面耐磨耐蚀性能,采用化学复合镀技术在其表面制备环保型Ni-P-金刚石复合镀层,研究了温度及搅拌等关键因素对复合量及显微硬度的影响,对镀层耐磨性及耐蚀性进行了研究,并通过EDX能谱仪分析了镀层组成.结果表明:Ni-P-金刚石化学复合镀层可有效提高铸铝表面耐蚀性及耐磨性,且复合镀层耐磨性显著优于Ni-P镀层,但前者耐蚀性不及后者;温度和搅拌均通过影响金刚石微粒在镀件表面的滞留而对微粒进入镀层产生作用.     

Effect of Fe-based pre-alloyed powder on the microstructure and holding strength of impregnated diamond bit matrix

An iron-rich pre-alloyed powder was selected out, and the pre-alloying degree of matrix materials and the sintering temperature were considered to investigate the effect of the Fe-based pre-alloyed powder on the microstructure and holding strength of impregnated diamond bit matrix. And relative density and bending strength of the specimens were measured, and then the resulting fracture surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The results showed that the relative density, bending strength and plasticity of matrix materials are increased with the sintering temperature and the pre-alloying degree. The influence of the pre-alloying degree on them is more significant than that of the sintering temperature within the experimental parameters. Besides, Fe-based matrices have thermal corrosion effect on diamonds at high temperature sintering process. And the rate of diamond graphitization has a greatly increase with the sintering temperature changes from 900 °C to 1020 °C and the holding strength decreases. A low pre-alloying degree accelerates the rate of diamond graphitization. But an adequate pre-alloying degree of Fe-based matrix materials is conducive to improve the wettability of the matrix to diamonds, alleviate the diamond graphitization, reduce the diamonds' thermal damage and improve the holding strength. Besides, it can also greatly reduce the sintering temperature and broaden the sintering temperature range. In a word, it is feasible and reasonable that Fe-based pre-alloyed powders replace Fe elemental powders to fabricate impregnated diamond bits. And it has a good economic value and broad application prospect.     

Effects of rare earth element lanthanum on the microstructure of copper matrix diamond tool materials

Effects of rare earth element La on the microstructure of Cu matrix diamond tools were researched under the conditions of various materials components and the process parameters in order to improve materials properties. SEM,XPS and X-ray were used to investigate the fracture section, microstructure and the element valence in materials. The results shown that the combination of rare earth element La and transition element Ti is advantageous to the bonding state between diamond particles and matrix, so it can improve the materials properties. Suitable sintering temperature is 790℃.     

镍作中间层脉冲加压扩散连接钛合金与不锈钢

采用纳米Ni粉、纳米Ni镀层、Ni箔作中间过渡层,对TA17近。型钛合金与0Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢进行了脉冲加压扩散连接,接头抗拉强度分别达到了175,212,334MPa。在金相显微镜下,对拉伸断口形貌进行了观察和分析;利用扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）、X射线衍射分析（XRD）测定了连接接头各区域内的微区成分和物相。结果表明,纳米Ni粉致密度不够高,纳米Ni镀层质量不够高,在很大程度上限制了接头强度的提高;Ni箔中间层的存在成功地阻止了Fe与Ti之间的互扩散,避免了形成脆而硬的Fe—Ti系金属间化合物。     

Iodine-aided palladium-free catalyzation process for durable electroless nickel plating on Kevlar® fiber

We report here a highly durable electroless nickel plating on Kevlar fiber through iodine-aided palladium-free catalyzation process. Kevlar was first treated with an iodine–potassium iodide aqueous solution to impart iodide component into the near fiber surface. The doped iodine was converted to silver iodide particles by treatment with silver nitrate aqueous solution, and subsequently silver iodide was reduced to silver metal particles. After electroless plating, a smooth nickel layer was evenly deposited on the fiber surface, which was resistant against sonication, tape peel-off, and alkaline corrosion tests. The silver particles formed on and near the fiber surface act as an anchor for the plated layer as well as a catalyst for electroless plating. Further investigation revealed that the use of an anionic surfactant during the catalyzation process enhanced the adhesive force of the plated layer with fiber surface. The plated fibers possessed high tensile strength, electrical conductivity, and ferromagnetic properties.     

Novel approaches on the study of wear performance of electroless Ni–P/diamond composite deposites

The ability to co-deposit particulate matter in a matrix of electroless nickel has led to a new generation of composite coatings. Polycrystalline diamond is one of the many varieties of particulate matter that can be co-deposited. Composite diamond coating is a regenerative layer of diamond particles dispersed in a hard electroless nickel matrix. In this work, experiments have been carried out to study the effect of heat treatment on the wear characteristics of the electroless composite coating containing diamond particles. The results indicate substantial increase in wear resistance after heat treatment. For wear analysis, in order to overcome the difficulties in the most common ‘weight loss’ method, X-ray diffraction method is used. Also the concept of internal standard method of quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis with suitable modifications is employed for the study of removal of diamond particles from the matrix. Superior integrity of the diamond particles with the matrix of the coating is observed for the specimens when heat treated to around 350 °C because of the formation of phosphides. But increasing the heat treatment to about 500 °C affects the wear resistance.     

型面约束下的真空钎焊金刚石工艺及其等高性分析

在真空炉中采用石墨阴模对金刚石进行适当约束的方法开展钎焊试验,实现了金刚石与钢基体之间的高强度连接及磨粒等高性的有效控制. 采用SEM对钎焊试样和金刚石表面形貌进行观察,采用EDS对金刚石表面定点和微区成分进行分析,使用超景深三维显微镜对磨粒等高性进行测量. 结果表明,液相Cu70Sn20Ti10钎料在毛细作用下可润湿包裹在石墨阴模上粘接的金刚石,且两者界面上形成TiC反应物,由此可获得钢基体对金刚石高的把持力. 钎焊过程银胶不与金刚石发生反应,同时由于银胶能够始终保持对金刚石的粘接及约束作用,所以钎焊后的磨粒等高性好.     

Effect of nano-vanadium nitride on microstructure and properties of sintered Fe-Cu-based diamond composites

With FeCu₃₀ pre-alloy powder as the main component of the bond, a new type of nano‑vanadium nitride (VN) additive with different concentrations was introduced into Fe-Cu-based diamond composites to investigate the effect of nano-VN on the microstructure and properties of Fe-Cu-based diamond composites. The hardness, relative density, bending strength and wear loss weight of the fabricated specimens were tested, and then the fracture surfaces and worn surfaces of those specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The results show that the Fe-Cu-based diamond composites with nano-VN addition exhibited an improvement in the mechanical properties, plasticity and wear resistance, which can be attributed to the dispersion strengthening and grain refinement caused by nano-VN. And the nano-VN can also activate sintering, which can significantly improve the wettability of the binder to diamonds, resulting in more binder elements wetting and diffusion on the diamond surface during the sintering process. Besides, the diamond composites showed the best properties with the addition of 2% nano-VN. That is, the bending strength and the HRB hardness of the diamond composites increased by 25% and 20%, respectively, and the wear resistance of the matrix and holding force coefficient of the matrix to diamond were improved significantly. But an excessive amount of nano-VN was detrimental to the mechanical properties of Fe-Cu-based diamond composites.