共沉淀法原位合成无压烧结TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料

以TiCl4溶液和B4C粉末为主要原料,采用共沉淀、原位合成无压烧结技术制备了TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料.研究了原料配比、烧结温度对TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的烧结性能、显微组织和力学性能的影响.通过X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜等分析手段,分析了TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的物相组成、显微组织和断裂特征.研究结果表明:当成分质量配比TiB2∶B4C为40∶60时,材料最大相对密度为98.5%T.D;在最佳成分配比下,随着烧结温度的升高,原位合成制备的TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度均为先升高后降低,材料的最佳烧结工艺为2050℃,1 h.在最佳烧结工艺下,TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最佳值分别为3.17 g/cm3,31.5GPa,381 MPa和5.1 MPa·m1/2.     

TiB2含量和烧结温度对B4C/Al2O3基复合陶瓷的影响

利用原位反应热压工艺制备了B4C/Al2O3基复合陶瓷,研究了TiB2含量和烧结温度对B4C/Al2O3基复合陶瓷力学性能和微观结构的影响.结果表明,当TiB2含量低于8.7％时,随原位反应生成的TiB2含量的增加,有效的促进了B4C/Al2O3/TiB2复合陶瓷的烧结,提高相对密度,改善了力学性能.当烧结温度低于1900℃时,其力学性能随烧结温度增加而提高;当超过1900℃时,其力学性能随烧结温度的提高而降低.在1900℃,60 min时,B4C/Al2O3/TiB2复合陶瓷获得最佳综合力学性能,其硬度、断裂韧性和抗弯强度分别为24.8 GPa、4.82 MPa·m1/2和445.2 MPa.     

TiB2含量对B4C-TiB2-Al复合材料组织与力学性能的影响

通过在B4C-TiB2预烧体中真空熔渗Al制备了B4C-TiB2-Al复合材料,研究了TiB2含量对复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明: B4C-TiB2-Al复合材料主要由B4C,TiB2,Al和Al3BC等相组成;随着TiB2含量的增加,复合材料的HRA硬度逐渐降低,抗弯强度逐渐增大,断裂韧性先增大后稍微降低,当TiB2含量为40%(质量分数)时,复合材料的气孔率、硬度HRA、抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为1.32%,80.3,559.4 MPa和7.83 MPa·m1/2;延性Al的加入,裂纹的偏转和分叉、B4C和TiB2晶粒的细化以及B4C基体和TiB2晶粒热膨胀的不匹配,是造成材料断裂韧性提高的主要原因;随着Al渗入量的增加,复合材料断口中金属撕裂棱及韧窝的比例增加.     

共沉淀法原位合成无压烧结TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料

以TiCl4溶液和B4C粉末为主要原料，采用共沉淀、原位合成无压烧结技术制备了TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料。研究了原料配比、烧结温度对TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料的烧结性能、显微组织和力学性能的影响。通过X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜等分析手段，分析了TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料的物相组成、显微组织和断裂特征。研究结果表明：当成分质量配比TiB2：B4C为40：60时，材料最大相对密度为98．5％T．D；在最佳成分配比下，随着烧结温度的升高，原位合成制备的TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度均为先升高后降低，材料的最佳烧结工艺为2050℃，1h。在最佳烧结工艺下，TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最佳值分别为3．17g／cm^3，31．5GPa，381MPa和5．1MPa．m^1/2.     

保温处理对B_4C/Al复合材料组织和性能的影响

为了降低无压浸渗制备的B4C/Al复合材料中铝的含量,增加复合材料中陶瓷相的含量,并提高复合材料的性能,研究了保温处理对B4C/Al复合材料的组织和性能的影响。结果表明,无压浸渗制备的B4C/Al复合材料中主要包含Al、B4C和Al3BC相,保温处理可有效减少B4C/Al复合材料中Al和B4C的含量,并显著提高Al3BC和AlB2相的含量。由于保温处理后B4C/Al复合材料中Al含量明显减少,以及陶瓷相含量明显增多,B4C/Al复合材料的硬度、抗压和抗弯强度均得到了较大的提高。且在850℃下保温24h后,B4C/Al复合材料的组织和性能可达到最佳状态。     

B4C/Al复合材料摩擦磨损特性研究

利用无压烧结和无压浸渗工艺制备了致密均匀的B4C/Al复合材料,通过研究复合材料在保温处理前后的组织变化和磨损形貌变化,研究了复合材料的摩擦磨损特性.结果表明,保温处理可有效减少复合材料中Al和B4C的含量,并显著提高Al3BC的含量,并形成新的陶瓷相AlB2相.由于陶瓷相的增多,保温处理后的B4C/Al复合材料的硬度得到显著提高,摩擦因数更为稳定,磨损表面较光滑,磨损量极少,显示出优异的耐磨性.     

热处理对无压浸渗法制备B_4C/2024Al复合材料相组成及力学性能的影响(英文)

利用无压浸渗法制备B4C/2024Al复合材料,并通过XRD、SEM和力学性能检测研究热处理对复合材料相组成以及材料性能的影响。结果表明,B4C/2024Al复合材料包含B4C、Al、Al3BC、AlB2和Al2Cu相。经过660、700、800和900°C热处理12、24或36 h后,相种类并没有变化,但是相含量发生显著改变。此外,经热处理,材料的硬度得到显著提高,抗弯强度有所下降。经800°C热处理36 h的材料硬度最高,经700°C热处理36 h的材料具有最优良的综合性能。     

原位热压反应制备Ti3AlC2/TiB2复合材料

Ti3AlC2综合了陶瓷和金属的诸多优点,有着潜在的广泛应用前景.然而,单相Ti3AlC2的硬度和强度偏低,限制了它的广泛应用.引入第二相形成复合材料是解决上述问题的一个有效方法.以Ti粉、Al粉、石墨和B4C粉为原料采用原位热压方法成功地合成了Ti3AlC2/TiB2复合材料.利用DSC和XRD对其反应路径作了详细研究,并利用SEM和TEM对复合材料的微观结构进行了表征,最后测试了复合材料的硬度和强度.结果表明用B4C-Ti-Al-C体系,可以在较低温度下合成致密的无杂质Ti3AlC2/TiB2复合材料;引入的TiB2明显提高了Ti3AlC2的硬度和强度.     

Al_2O_3/TiB_2和Al_2O_3/TiB_2/SiC_W陶瓷复合材料在1300℃的氧化行为

研究了热压烧结工艺制备的Al2O3/TiB2和Al2O3/TiB2/SiCW陶瓷复合材料在1300℃的氧化行为用XRD、SEM、TEM/EDSA分析了材料氧化后的相组成及显微结构.结果表明:两种材料在1300℃空气中氧化30h内的氧化增重符合抛物线规律,SiC晶须的加入可明显改善Al2O3/TiB2材料的高温抗氧化性.     

原位反应生成TiB2对B4C/TiB2复合陶瓷力学性能和结构的影响

研究了原位反应生成TiB2对B4 C/TiB2复合陶瓷维氏硬度、断裂韧度、抗弯强度和微观结构的影响.结果表明,适量TiB2的生成可以抑制B4C/TiB2复合陶瓷晶粒的长大,可使材料获得均匀致密的显微组织结构;而且原位反应的发生促使B4C/TiB2复合陶瓷断裂机制由穿晶断裂为主转变为穿晶与沿晶结合的断裂机制.B4C和TiB2晶粒尺寸都随着原位生成TiB2含量的增加而降低.B4C/TiB2复合陶瓷的抗弯强度随晶粒增大而降低,其断裂韧度随晶粒尺寸的变化关系较为复杂,这种变化关系主要与断裂韧度对裂纹扩展路径长度的依赖性有关,本文利用裂纹扩展阻力(R)曲线的斜率解释了这种变化.     

Ti 元素对B4C/Al复合材料力学性能的改善作用研究

B₄C/Al复合材料是目前最理想的中子吸收材料,广泛用于乏燃料储存。本文利用液态搅拌法制备B₄C/Al复合材料,通过添加Ti元素,探讨了界面反应对材料的界面结构和力学性能的影响。研究发现,Ti元素通过参与界面反应,改变了界面结构,在B₄C颗粒表面形成了紧密结合的纳米TiB₂界面层;Ti的添加消除了界面微裂纹、微孔、分离等缺陷。随着界面反应程度的加强,材料强度提高,尤其反应脱落的纳米TiB₂颗粒作为原位第二强化相进一步增强基体。B₄C/Al复合材料断裂过程表现为韧窝延性断裂;TiB₂界面层增强了B₄C颗粒与基体的结合,断裂行为从B₄C-Al界面脱落转变为B₄C颗粒断裂;但过渡的界面反应会形成微韧窝,引起材料延伸率下降。     

过渡元素改善B4C/Al材料界面润湿性的机理研究

B₄C/Al复合材料是目前最理想的中子吸收材料,但工业上常用的液态搅拌法制备过程中存在着界面润湿性差的问题。本文结合实验及第一性原理的方法,通过研究Al(111)/AlB₂(0001)和Al(111)/TiB₂(0001)界面的结构来分析工业上添加过渡元素Ti对B₄C/Al界面润湿性的改善机制。通过计算发现,Al(111)/TiB₂(0001)界面相对Al(111)/AlB₂(0001)界面具有更高的粘附功值,说明其界面结合更强。进一步对比Ti掺杂二硼化物和AlB₂的偏态密度结构,发现Ti掺杂体具有较低的反键态,表明Ti-3d和B-2p轨道电子杂化后,在B、Ti原子间形成了较强的化学键,从而促进了Al(111)/TiB₂(0001)界面处的强结合作用,提高了Al(111)/TiB₂(0001)界面粘附功,故而改善了B₄C/Al界面的润湿性。根据同样的理论依据,V掺杂体也具有较低的反键态,V和B之间的强结合效果或许能够改善B₄C/Al界面的润湿性,成为又一理想的溶体改性掺杂元素。     

Effects of heat treatment on phase contents and mechanical properties of infiltrated B4C/2024Al composites

The B₄C/2024Al composites were successfully produced by pressureless infiltration method, and the effects of heat treatment on phase content and mechanical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical properties testing. The results show that phases of B₄C/2024Al composites include B₄C, Al, Al₃BC, AlB₂ and Al₂Cu. The phase species remain unchanged; however, the phase content of the composites changes significantly after heat treatment at the temperature of 660, 700, 800 or 900 °C for 12, 24 or 36 h. It is found that the heat treatment results in not only considerable enhancement in hardness, but also reduction in bending strength of the composites. Heat treatment at 800 °C for 36 h does best to hardness of the composites, while at 700 °C for 36 h it is the most beneficial to their comprehensive mechanical properties.     

二硼化钛对Al2024−TiB2非原位复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

用搅拌铸造法制备不同质量分数二硼化钛(TiB2)颗粒增强的铝基复合材料,并研究其摩擦磨损性能.采用销?盘式摩擦试验机对Al2024?TiB2复合材料进行干滑动磨损试验.为了研究摩擦学参数对复合材料的影响,对载荷、滑动距离和滑动速度等参数进行调整.显微组织表征结果表明,TiB2颗粒分散均匀并与基体有良好的结合.实验结果表...     

Densification and compressive strength ofin-situ processed Ti/TiB composites by powder metallurgy

In the present study, the densification of Ti/TiB composites, the growth behavior ofin-situ formed TiB reinforcement, the effects of processing variables — such as reactant powder (TiB₂, B₄C), sintering temperature and time — on the microstructures and the mechanical properties ofin-situ processed Ti/TiB composites have been investigated. Mixtures of TiB₂ or B₄C powder with pure titanium powder were compacted and presintered at 700°C for 1 hr followed by sintering at 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, and 1300°C, respectively, for 3hrs. Some specimens were sintered at 1000°C for various times in order to study the formation behavior of TiB reinforcementin-situ formed within the pure Ti matrix. TiB reinforcements were formed through different mechanisms, such as the formation of fine TiB and the formation of coarse TiB by Ostwald ripening or the coalescence of fine TiB. There was no crystallographic relationship between TiB reinforcement and the matrix. There were voids at the interface between the TiB reinforcement and the Ti matrix due to the preferential growth of coarse TiB without a particular crystallographic relationship with pure Ti matrix and the surface energy between the Ti matrix and TiB reinforcements. Therefore, the densification of Ti/TiB₂ compacts was hindered by the preferential growth of coarse TiB reinforcements. The mechanical properties ofin-situ processed composites were evaluated by measuring the compressive yield strength at ambient and high temperatures. The compressive yield strength of thein situ processed composites was higher than that of the Ti-6A1-4V alloy. It was also found that the compressive yield strength of the composite made from TiB₂ reactant powder was higher than that of the composite made from B₄C at the same volume fraction of reinforcement. A crack path examination suggested that the bonding nature of interface between matrix and reinforcement made from TiB₂ reactant powder was better than that made from B₄C.     

Reaction synthesis of TiB2–TiC composites with enhanced toughness

In situ toughened TiB₂–TiC_x composites were fabricated using reaction synthesis of B₄C and Ti powders at high temperatures. The resulting materials possessed very high relative densities and well developed TiB₂ plate-like grains, leading to a rather high fracture toughness, up to 12.2 MPa⋅m^1/2. The microstructure was examined by means of XRD, SEM, TEM and EDAX. The reaction products mainly consisted of TiB₂ and TiC_x. No other phases, e.g. Ti₃B₄, TiB, Ti₂B₅ and free Ti, were observed regardless of whether the starting composition was Ti:B₄C=3:1 or 4.8:1, and whether the sintering temperature was 1700 or 1800°C. The microstructural morphology is characterised by TiB₂ plate-like grains distributed uniformly in the TiC_x matrix. Some inclusions and defects were found in TiB₂ grains. The very high reaction temperature was believed to be responsible for the formation of plate-like grains, which, in turn, is responsible for the much improved mechanical properties. The main toughening mechanisms were likely to be crack deflection, platelet pull-out and the micro-fracture of TiB₂ grains.     

Interfacial reaction studies of B4C-coated and C-coated SiC fiber reinforced Ti–43Al–9V composites

The interfacial reactions of B₄C-coated and C-coated SiC fiber reinforced Ti–43Al–9V composites were investigated by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The detailed microstructures as well as the chemical composition throughout the reaction zone were identified. For SiC_f/B₄C/TiAl composite, the reaction zone from B₄C coating to TiAl matrix is composed of 4 layers, namely, a carbon-rich layer, a mixed layer of TiB₂ + amorphous carbon, a TiC layer and a mixed layer of TiB + Ti₂AlC. For SiC_f/C/TiAl composite, the reaction zone from C coating to TiAl matrix is composed of 3 layers, namely, a fine-grained TiC layer, a coarse-grained TiC layer and a thick Ti₂AlC layer. For both kinds of composites, the reaction mechanisms of the interfacial reactions were analyzed, and the corresponding reaction kinetics were calculated. The activation energies of interfacial reaction in SiC_f/B₄C/TiAl composite and SiC_f/B₄C/TiAl composite are 308.1 kJ/mol and 230.7 kJ/mol, respectively.     

High-temperature compressive properties of TiC–TiB_2/Cu composites prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis

TiC–TiB2 /Cu composites were prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis with pseudo hot isostatic pressing using Ti, B4 C, and Cu powders. The compressive deformation of the composites at high temperature was investigated. It is found that the maximum compressive strength decreases with the increase of temperature and Cu content. The deformation of the composites includes the steps of elastic, stable rheology, and inaction. The maximum strain is in the range of 5 %–10 %. Before fracture, TiC–TiB2 /40Cu becomes drum-shaped at 1123 K; however, TiC–TiB2 /20Cu only has a brittle fracture along the axial direction of 45°. The results show that the compressive strength of TiC–TiB2 /Cu decreases from 823 to 1223 K. However, the maximum compressive strength of TiC–TiB2 /20Cu reaches 1850 MPa at 823 K, which predicts that this series of composites could be applied to high-temperature compressive materials.     

Improved Thermal Performance of Diamond-Copper Composites with Boron Carbide Coating

B₄C-coated diamond (diamond@B₄C) particles are used to improve the interfacial bonding and thermal properties of diamond/Cu composites. Scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were applied to characterize the formed B₄C coating on diamond particles. It is found that the B₄C coating strongly improves the interfacial bonding between the Cu matrix and diamond particles. The resulting diamond@B₄C/Cu composites show high thermal conductivity of 665 W/mK and low coefficient of thermal expansion of 7.5 × 10^?6/K at 60% diamond volume fraction, which are significantly superior to those of the composites with uncoated diamond particles. The experimental thermal conductivity is also theoretically analyzed to account for the thermal resistance at the diamond@B₄C-Cu interface boundary.     

Effect of weight percentage and particle size of B4C reinforcement on physical and mechanical properties of powder metallurgy Al2024-B4C composites

In this study, Al2024-B₄C composites containing 0, 5, 10 and 20 wt% of B₄C particles with two different particle sizes (d₅₀=49 μm and d₅₀=5 μm) as reinforcement material were produced by a mechanical alloying method. Two new particle distribution models based on the size of reinforcement materials was developed. The microstructure of the Al2024-B₄C composites was investigated using a scanning electron microscope. The effects of reinforcement particle size and weight percentage (wt%) on the physical and mechanical properties of the Al2024-B₄C composites were determined by measuring the density, hardness and tensile strength values. The results showed that more homogenous dispersion of B₄C powders was obtained in the Al2024 matrix using the mechanical alloying technique according to the conventional powder metallurgy method. Measurement of the density and hardness properties of the composites showed that density values decreased and hardness values increased with an increase in the weight fraction of reinforcement. Moreover, it was found that the effect of reinforcement size and reinforcement content (wt%) on the homogeneous distribution of B₄C particles is as important as the effect of milling time.