乙醇-氨水浸提法提取油茶饼粕中茶皂素的工艺研究

研究乙醇-氨水浸提法从油茶饼粕中提取茶皂素的提取工艺。以乙醇为提取剂,分别考察提取次数、氨水量、乙醇浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间对茶皂素得率的影响,再经正交试验L16(45)得到茶皂素最佳提取工艺为:提取温度78℃,脱脂茶枯质量与溶剂体积的比值(料液比)为1∶10(g/mL),提取时间55 m in,乙醇水溶液的体积分数为70%,氨水的体积分数为0.1%,其茶皂素得率达到22.41%。     

茶皂素提取条件的优化及纯化研究

以油茶茶籽粕为原料，采用乙醇水溶液提取茶皂素。在茶籽粉和乙醇料液比1 : 9(g : mL)，乙醇体积分数60%，提取温度60 ℃和提取时间3 h的最佳条件下茶皂素的提取得率达14.9%。用NKA-9型大孔吸附树脂吸附纯化茶皂素粗品，树脂静态吸附与解吸结果表明：树脂静态吸附茶皂素粗提液0.5 h基本饱和，体积分数80%乙醇解吸率为91.1%；动态吸附与解吸时，上样流速8 mL/min较佳，吸附率为66.04%，体积分数80%乙醇洗脱，洗脱流速5.0 mL/min，洗脱体积50 mL时，可使流出液中茶皂素质量浓度在1.25~1.57 g/L之间，茶皂素纯度为95%。     

乙醇提取油茶饼残油的研究

探讨了乙醇为溶剂热回流提取油茶饼中残油的方法。通过单因素实验及正交实验考察了乙醇体积分数、液料比、浸提温度、浸提时间及提取次数对油茶饼中残油收率的影响,确定了优化的提取条件为：乙醇体积分数95%、液料比10∶1（mL∶g）、浸提温度92℃、浸提时间3h、提取次数2次。在此优化条件下,油茶饼中平均残油收率达到残油含量的96.04%。研究结果表明,乙醇具有替代6号溶剂油提取油茶饼中残油的前景。     

超声波—乙醇法提取油茶饼粕中茶皂素的工艺研究

以油茶饼粕为材料,通过单因素实验寻找提取茶皂素的最优工艺条件,研究浸提温度,浸提时间,料液比,乙醇浓度,超声波功率,超声时间,pH等因素对油茶饼粕中茶皂素提取的影响,再利用正交试验法进行工艺的优化,通过正交实验表明:以85%的乙醇为溶剂,浸提取温度80℃,料液比1:20(g:mL),浸提取时间为60 min,超声波功率100 W,超声时间25 min,pH 7.2的工艺条件下,油茶饼粕中茶皂素的提取率可达到7.92%。     

蓝莓花青素的提取、分离及微胶囊化研究

用乙醇作溶剂对蓝莓果中花青素进行了超声提取,考察了乙醇体积分数、提取次数、料液比、时间、p H值、温度、酸的种类7个因素对提取蓝莓果花青素的影响。提取液经浓缩后,通过AB-8大孔树脂纯化,浓缩后,采用锐孔法制备微胶囊,考察了纯化和微囊化的相关参数,实现了蓝莓花青素的提取、分离及微胶囊化的工艺过程。     

黄芪中总黄酮的提取纯化工艺研究

目的优选黄芪中总黄酮的提取纯化工艺参数。方法以总黄酮得率为考察指标,采用单因素试验及正交试验考察乙醇体积分数、回流提取时间、提取温度及料液比对提取效果的影响;以总黄酮纯度为考察指标,考察D101大孔吸附树脂对黄酮提取物的纯化效果。结果最佳提取工艺为:采用体积分数为85%的乙醇水溶液,以1∶20(g∶mL)的料液比回流提取2.5h,提取温度为80℃,总黄酮得率可达2.385(mg·g~(-1));采用石油醚脱脂与D101大孔吸附树脂相结合的手段对总黄酮提取物进行纯化,产品纯度达30.63%。结论该提取纯化工艺操作简单、易行,适用于黄芪中总黄酮的大规模生产。     

麦冬多糖的提取分离及在护肤品中的应用

通过正交试验,确定麦冬多糖的提取工艺:麦冬块根先以95%(体积分数,下同)乙醇回流提取4h,烘干后,用水煎煮,以料液体积比1∶6提取3次,每次90min,合并提取液,抽滤除杂后浓缩至黏度为4.6~5.1mPa·s,以65%乙醇醇沉除杂,再以85%乙醇醇沉,收集后者,烘干,制粉,得麦冬多糖,得率为23.6%,纯度93.8%。此工艺提取无任何有机残留,工业上可直接对65%醇沉后所得溶液浓缩去醇,再加入防腐剂后即可添加于化妆品中。同时设计了一款护肤霜配方,对其稳定性、安全性以及功效性进行考察。     

柴达木枸杞叶有效成分高压均质提取及纯化

考察了高压均质提取柴达木枸杞叶有效成分的最佳工艺及对有效成分进行了纯化。在乙醇体积分数、料液比〔枸杞叶质量与乙醇溶剂体积比值(g/mL),下同〕、均质压力及提取时间4个单因素实验的基础上利用正交设计对实验进行优化,得出高压均质提取法的最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数80%,料液比1∶10,均质压力60MPa,提取时间30 min,在该条件下,提取物中芦丁质量分数为10.53%,总黄酮质量分数为32.61%。在该条件下分离纯化工艺为:选用AB-8大孔树脂,水洗脱用量5 BV,乙醇洗脱用量4 BV,经纯化后的产物中,芦丁质量分数可达60.85%,总黄酮质量分数可达90.53%。     

响应面法优化匀浆提取刺五加主要酚苷及苷元的工艺

采用响应面法对匀浆提取刺五加根茎原料中紫丁香苷、刺五加苷E和异秦皮啶等主要酚苷及苷元成分进行了优化。考察了匀浆提取时间、乙醇体积分数、匀浆转数和液料比等因素对提取工艺的影响,应用了Box-Behnken的实验设计,选取了3种目标产物的得率与纯度作为响应值。响应面法优化后提取工艺条件为提取时间4.04min、乙醇体积分数59.66%、匀浆转数11999.6r/min、液料比7.96:1mL/g、提取次数3次。在所确定的工艺条件下,刺五加紫丁香苷得率0.0016%,纯度0.052%;异秦皮啶得率0.018%,纯度0.68%;刺五加苷E得率0.035%,纯度1.10%。     

广玉兰叶总黄酮的提取工艺研究

以广玉兰叶为原料、乙醇为溶剂提取总黄酮,考察了提取温度、提取时间、乙醇体积分数、料液比对总黄酮得率的影响,通过L9 (34)正交实验确定广玉兰叶总黄酮的最佳提取条件为:乙醇体积分数50%,料液比1:45(g:mL),提取温度80℃,提取时间2.5 h.此时,广玉兰叶总黄酮得率为16.362 mg·g-1.     

Extraction and Fermentation‐Based Purification of Saponins from Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.

In the present study, the extraction and purification of saponins from Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. were examined for effective utilization of the saponin resource. Saponins were extracted from S. mukorossi Gaertn. using water. The conditions of the water extraction process, including extraction temperature, extraction time, number of times of extraction, and solvent‐material ratio were optimized. The yield of total Sapindus saponins (TSS) from the pericarp was 33.41 % and its purity in the extract was 45.71 %. The saponin solution was further concentrated to 1/6–1/7 of its original volume, and dried yeast BV818 that adapted to the concentrated Sapindus saponins solution (SW) was screened. The activation conditions, inoculum amount, fermentation temperature, and fermentation period were optimized. By using the dried yeast under optimized conditions, the purity was increased to 75.50 %. The yield of the byproduct ethanol was 5.33 % (w/v), while the content of TSS in the final product decreased from 18.29 to 15.30 % (w/v). These results could contribute to the development of industrial‐scale production of Sapindus saponins.     

Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Tea Saponin and Its Application on Cleaning of Historic Silks

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was utilized to extract tea saponin from oil-tea camellia seed cake. The factors influencing the extraction efficiency were studied, including the effects of microwave power, irradiation duration, temperature, ratio of solvent to material and aqueous ethanol concentration. By systematic orthogonal experiments, the optimal extraction technology was determined. Compared with a conventional extraction method, MAE shows great advantages with the extraction time reduced from 6 h to 4 min, 50 % organic solvent saved and about 14 % extraction yield enhanced. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy testing and high performance liquid chromatography analysis proved that the extracted resultants were tea saponin with similar compounds as a standard tea saponin. The extracted tea saponin was applied on the cleaning of historic silks and showed good removal effect on the stains. This work provides useful information for fully use of oil-tea camellia seed cake and new applications of tea saponin at the protection of historic textiles.     

响应面法优化螺旋藻中叶绿素的超声提取工艺

Chlorophylls were extracted by using ultrasonic from Spirulina platensis. Single factor examination and response surface analysis experiments were adopted to investigate the effects of extraction time, extraction solvent, solvent concentration, ratio of liquid to solid and extraction grade. The results showed that the optimal process parameters for this method were: extraction time of 56.5 min, ethanol concentration of 48.3% (vol) of ethanol/acetone solvent, and ratio of liquid to solid of 7. 9 ml·g^-1. The optimized chlorophylls extraction yield was 1.28%. The comparison experimental results indicated that the yield of chlorophylls by ultrasonic extraction was higher than that obtained from conventional solvent extraction.     

茶皂甙纯化工艺研究

对茶皂甙的提取纯化工艺进行了研究。以含量为70%的粗茶皂甙为原料,经N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶解、乙酸乙酯沉析、胆甾醇复合吸附、苯解吸工艺得到含量大于99%的茶皂甙,提取率大于80%。结果表明,该工艺为高纯度茶皂甙的制备提供了参考。     

超声波法从葡萄穗轴废渣中提取白藜芦醇

对用超声波法从葡萄穗轴废渣中提取白藜芦醇的工艺进行了研究。用薄层层析法分离后,用紫外分光光度计测定吸光度,得出白藜芦醇的提取率。考察了不同提取时间、温度、占空比、固液比对白藜芦醇提取率的影响,通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了最佳提取条件：提取剂为体积分数60%的乙醇,超声作用时间为6 min,占空比1∶2,提取温度为70 ℃,固液比为m(葡萄穗轴废渣质量):m(乙醇溶液质量)＝1∶13,白藜芦醇一次提取率达0.33%。     

Study on the microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols from tea

This study demonstrated a promising method for quickly extracting tea polyphenol (TP) by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technology. Some influential parameters, including MAE temperature, microwave power, concentration of extraction solvent, MAE time and the solid/liquid ratio, were investigated. The optimum condition of MAE was obtained by dual extraction with 60% ethanol (v/v) and the solid/liquid ratio 1:12 g/mL at 80°C for 10 minutes under the microwave power 600W. The yield of TP was 96.5% under the described condition. Compared with traditional methods, including hot reflux extraction (HRE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), the extraction time was saved 8 times than that of HRE, and the yield was increased by 17.5%. The extraction time at comparable levels of production was saved 2 times, and the energy consumption was one fourth that of UAE. The extraction time was saved 5 times than that of SFE, and the yield of TP was increased by 40%. Moreover, compared with MAE of TP studied by others, it decreased the solid/liquid ratio from 1: 20 to 1: 12 g/mL without 90-min pre-leaching time, and the yield of TP was increased by 6%–40%.     

Study on the microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols from tea

This study demonstrated a promising method for quickly extracting tea polyphenol (TP) by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technology. Some influential parameters, including MAE temperature, microwave power, concentration of extraction solvent, MAE time and the solid/liquid ratio, were investigated. The optimum condition of MAE was obtained by dual extraction with 60% ethanol (v/v) and the solid/liquid ratio 1:12 g/mL at 80°C for 10 minutes under the microwave power 600 W. The yield of TP was 96.5% under the described condition. Compared with traditional methods, including hot reflux extraction (HRE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), the extraction time was saved 8 times than that of HRE, and the yield was increased by 17.5%. The extraction time at comparable levels of production was saved 2 times, and the energy consumption was one fourth that of UAE. The extraction time was saved 5 times than that of SFE, and the yield of TP was increased by 40%. Moreover, compared with MAE of TP studied by others, it decreased the solid/liquid ratio from 1 ∶ 20 to 1 ∶ 12 g/mL without 90-min pre-leaching time, and the yield of TP was increased by 6%–40%.