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近年来,Br(o)nsted酸性离子液体在有机合成中的应用取得了很大进展.概述了Br(o)nsted酸性离子液体作为环境友好的高效催化剂和溶剂在酯化反应、缩合反应、Biginelli反应、二聚反应等有机合成反应中的应用. 相似文献
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康永 《合成材料老化与应用》2011,40(1):42-46
离子液体由于具有极低的蒸气压、较高的热稳定性和可调的溶解能力被作为一种取代传统挥发性有机溶剂的绿色介质而广泛地应用在有机合成、分离提纯领域;由于电导率高、稳定电化学窗口宽和可调的酸碱性被作为新型电解质和高效催化剂而应用于催化化学和电化学研究领域;由于其配位能力低、界面张力和界面能小以及它们易形成氢键而具有的较高有序性使... 相似文献
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回顾了离子液体的发展阶段及作为一种新型的绿色环保有机化合物具有的一些优异性质,如低的饱和蒸气压、良好的溶解性、热稳定性、高电导率和宽的电化学窗口等。综述了离子液体的种类、构效关系及制备方法,介绍了离子液体在萃取分离方面的应用,作为溶剂在各类常见的有机反应中的影响和优势,包括氧化反应、Friedel-Crafts反应、Diels-Alder反应、碳-碳偶联反应、酯化反应、环氧化反应等。与传统催化剂进行比较,突出了不同类型的离子液体催化剂对不同催化反应效果的优势,指出了离子液体催化剂发展的趋势。提出了离子液体今后将突出在节能减排、非均相高效催化方面的应用前景。 相似文献
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综述了近年来离子液体介质中CO2电活化合成有机碳酸酯的研究进展, 着重概述了电催化合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)和环状碳酸酯的研究现状, 并简述了CO2间接电活化和直接电活化技术, 以及反应介质、电极材料等因素对反应产物的影响, 对电催化还原CO2的关键技术和今后研究重点进行了探讨。离子液体具有不易挥发、可循环使用、导电性好、对CO2有较高溶解度等优点, 在CO2固定和有机资源化研究中日益受到重视。电化学作为一种环境友好的绿色合成新技术, 在CO2有机资源化方面有很好的应用前景, 对缓解日益严峻的温室效应、实现CO2的资源化利用具有十分重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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离子液体中电沉积活泼金属的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
离子液体具有宽的电化学窗口、优良的导电性、高的热稳定性、可回收等优点,在绿色冶金电化学方面具有很大的应用潜力和广阔的应用前景.本文介绍了离子液体在活泼金属沉积中应用的研究现状,重点对锂、钠、镁等活泼金属在离子液体中的电化学行为及电沉积进行了阐述,提出了离子液体在金属电沉积应用中存在的一些问题及解决办法,并展望了未来的发... 相似文献
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Ionic liquids as electrolytes 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Salts having a low melting point are liquid at room temperature, or even below, and form a new class of liquids usually called room temperature ionic liquids (RTIL). Information about RTILs can be found in the literature with such key words as: room temperature molten salt, low-temperature molten salt, ambient-temperature molten salt, liquid organic salt or simply ionic liquid. Their physicochemical properties are the same as high temperature ionic liquids, but the practical aspects of their maintenance or handling are different enough to merit a distinction. The class of ionic liquids, based on tetraalkylammonium cation and chloroaluminate anion, has been extensively studied since late 1970s of the XX century, following the works of Osteryoung. Systematic research on the application of chloroaluminate ionic liquids as solvents was performed in 1980s. However, ionic liquids based on aluminium halides are moisture sensitive. During the last decade an increasing number of new ionic liquids have been prepared and used as solvents. The general aim of this paper was to review the physical and chemical properties of RTILs from the point of view of their possible application as electrolytes in electrochemical processes and devices. The following points are discussed: melting and freezing, conductivity, viscosity, temperature dependence of conductivity, transport and transference numbers, electrochemical stability, possible application in aluminium electroplating, lithium batteries and in electrochemical capacitors. 相似文献
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Jesik Park Yeojin Jung Priyandi Kusumah Jinyoung Lee Kyungjung Kwon Churl Kyoung Lee 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(9):15320-15343
Ionic liquids, low temperature molten salts, have various advantages manifesting themselves as durable and environmentally friendly solvents. Their application is expanding into various fields including hydrometallurgy due to their unique properties such as non-volatility, inflammability, low toxicity, good ionic conductivity, and wide electrochemical potential window. This paper reviews previous literatures and our recent results adopting ionic liquids in extraction, synthesis and processing of metals with an emphasis on the electrolysis of active/light, rare earth, and platinum group metals. Because the research and development of ionic liquids in this area are still emerging, various, more fundamental approaches are expected to popularize ionic liquids in the metal manufacturing industry. 相似文献
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Ionic liquids are organic salts with melting points generally below 100 °C. They are attracting wide attention and are used as electrolytes in electrochemical devices, such as fuel cells, lithium‐ion batteries, dye‐sensitized solar cells, supercapacitors and light‐emitting electrochemical cells, due to their negligible vapor pressure, high ionic conductivity and wide electrochemical window. This perspective article highlights the applications of ionic liquid‐ or poly(ionic liquid)‐based electrolytes in fuel cells, dye‐sensitized solar cells and supercapacitors. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献