大型稀土熔盐电解槽

大型稀土熔盐电解槽目前国内外采用熔盐电解法生产混合和单一稀土金属。可分为两种电解质体系，一是稀土氯化物电解质（即ＲＥＣｌ－ＫＣｌ），二是稀土氧化物电解质（即ＲＥＯ－ＲＥＦ３）。前者为二元电解质，后者为三元电解质（增加ＢａＦ２或ＬｉＦ）。这些电解质体系...     

RECl3与NH4HCO3的沉淀反应及伴生杂质的共沉淀行为

本文通过对沉淀过程的ｐＨ值变化特征研究和沉淀物的组成分析，确定了ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３与ＲＥＣｌ３的沉淀反应。研究了伴生金属离子Ａｌ３＋、Ｆｅ２＋、Ｍｎ２＋、Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋随稀土的共沉淀行为，讨论了杂质离子对产品纯度的影响。     

镧系元素高氯酸盐苯丁基亚砜配合物的合成与表征

本文以稀土高氯酸盐ＲＥ（ＣｌＯ_４）_３ｎＨ_２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ~（３＋）、Ｃｅ~（３＋）、Ｐｒ~（３＋）、Ｎｄ~（３－）、Ｓｍ~（３－）、Ｅｕ（３＋），ｎ＝６～７）与苯丁基亚砜ＰＢＳＯ（Ｃ_６Ｈ_５Ｃ_４Ｈ_９）在无水乙醇体系中合成出六个新配合物，并对配合物进行了元素分析，稀土离子含量测定，配体ＰＢＳＯ含量测定ＣｌＯ_４~－含量测定、ＩＲ谱、导电、ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ分析及Ｘ－射线粉末衍射。确定了配合物的组成为［ＲＥ（ＢＰＳＯ）_７（ＣｌＯ_４）］（ＣｌＯ_４）_２，配位数为８，电解质类型为１：２。     

无水EuCl3的制备

无水ＥｕＣｌ３的制备张俊卿吴志华王明生（包头钢铁学院０１４０１０）关键词：无水ＥｕＣｌ３制备无水氯化稀土的制备对于研究稀土熔盐体系相图、了解稀土化合物的基本物理化学性质、电解制取稀土金属具有重要的意义。由于ＥｕＣｌ３极易水解，用水合氯化物在干燥氯化...     

EuCl_3─LiCl二元系相图的研究

ＥｕＣｌ_３─ＬｉＣｌ二元系相图的研究张俊卿，吴志华，李玉生，王明生（包头钢铁学院包头０１４０１０）研究稀土熔盐体系相图对于了解稀土化合物的基本物理化学性质，探讨相图规律和开发含稀土的固体配合物、电解制取稀土金属具有重要意义。ＥｕＣｌ３─ＬｉＣｌ二元...     

REBO3基质中Sm^3＋的阴极射线发光特性

ＲＥＢＯ＿３基质中Ｓｍ￣（３＋）的阴极射线发光特性郭凤瑜彭夷安（北京大学１００８７１）（湖南医学专科学校）ＲＥＢＯ＿３（ＲＢ＝Ｌａ、Ｇｄ、Ｙ）是一类优良的发光材料的基质。对于ＲＥＢＯ＿３中稀土离子（如Ｃｅ￣（３＋）、Ｐｒ￣（３＋）、Ｓｍ￣（３＋）、Ｅ...     

金属镧,钕分别在KCl＋NaCl熔盐中的溶解行为

金属溶解于熔盐中的行为表现为溶解的金属与熔盐中的离子发生了不同程度的相互作用。稀土金属在含有自身熔盐中的溶解,前人已作了一些研究,其溶解机理归结起来主要有以下几种:生成了低价稀土离子;体系形成了胶体溶液以及离子-电子液     

稀土熔盐电解渣中铁的分布状态与磁选除铁的工艺研究

当前世界上生产稀土金属或合金的设备是以手工操作为主的3000 A电解槽,因此,在进行稀土金属出炉、更换阳极、定期清炉、拆炉等生产操作过程中,有很多含铁物相杂质很容易累积于稀土熔盐中,废稀土熔盐的产生难以避免.文中通过工艺矿物学分析,明确了稀土熔盐电解渣中含铁物相的种类和嵌布特征,并考察了磁选对杂质铁相的脱除效果,由结果可知,稀土熔盐电解渣颗粒粒度取58～75μm,磁选强度取0.668 T,磁选后强磁性铁矿物基本上进入磁选精矿中,而稀土相则留在了磁选尾矿中,分离效果良好,稀土相得到进一步富集,这有利于后续稀土的提取和回收.     

Dy^3＋在（LaO）3BO3和（GdO）3BO3中的光致发光

研究了Ｄｙ＾３＋在（ＬａＯ）３ＢＯ３和（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３中的光致发光;探讨了基质晶体结构、稀土离子ＲＥ＾３＋的电荷半径比（Ｚ／ｒ）和Ｄｙ＾３＋含量对（Ｄｙ＾３＋）发光强度及发光颜色的影响;分析了（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３中Ｂｉ＾３＋对Ｄｙ＾３＋发光的敏化作用及Ｄｙ＾３＋４Ｆ９／２→＾６Ｈ１３／２超灵敏跃迁发射的自身浓度猝灭机理。     

25 kA熔盐电解法制备稀土镨钕合金非稀土杂质有效控制的研究

为实现熔盐电解法制备稀土合金工艺大型化、低能耗和高效性,采用25 kA电解电流在氟化物体系中的熔盐电解工艺制备稀土镨钕合金.通过工业实践,探究了电解过程中电解槽结构、电解温度、电流密度、电解质组分、搅炉操作及坩埚材质对电解产品纯度的影响.实验研究确立了25 kA熔盐电解法制备稀土镨钕合金有效控制非稀土杂质含量的工艺参数.      

稀土电解废熔盐的综合利用研究

主要研究了从氟化体系熔盐电解过程产生的废熔盐回收合格熔盐和氧化稀土的工艺条件；采用本工艺得到的熔盐可直接返回电解生产线使用，制取的氧化稀土质量都达到国家标准，稀土总收率达90．09％。     

Effects of Rare Earth Oxide on Viscosity of Mold Fluxes for Continuous Casting

The effects of RE (rare earth) oxide on viscosity of mold fluxes were investigated with a rotary viscometer. The results show that : (1) The viscositv of mold fluxes is remarkably inereased by RE oxide addition, especially when the mass fraction of RE oxide is more than 10%. (2) By addition of RE oxide, precipitation of the insohlble particles with high melting point from the molten slag with the decreasing of the temperature leads to the inerease of viscosity. Viscosity curve shows that RE oxide is soluble in some extent in mold fluxes. When RE oxide is in a state of supersaturation, the existence of insoluble particles also makes the viscosity of mold fluxes increase. (3) Not only the viscositv of nlold fluxes can be reduced, but also the capacity to dissolve and absorb RE oxide can be increased by Li2O, B2O3 and BaO. However, the contents of Li2O, B2O3, and BaO should be controlled to suitable levels. (4) The solidification temperature of mold fluxes can be increased by the addition of RE oxide, which is unfavorable to heat transfer and luhrication of mold fluxes between steel shell and mold.     

从黑云母花岗岩风化壳淋积型稀土矿中回收稀土问题的研究

研究了从黑云母花岗岩风化壳淋积型轻稀土矿床中淋出稀土、料液预处理除杂和沉淀出稀土等工艺问题。此矿是一类组成和性能有差异且以前较少研究的淋积型轻稀土矿．在所研究确定的适宜条件下采用一种强酸的铵盐（硫酸铵、氯化铵和硝酸铵等）作洗提剂，稀土的淋出率可达95％以上．将淋出的稀土料液先用氨水调至一定的PH范围后再加少量硫化铵作除杂剂进行预处理除杂可除去绝大部分伴生杂质。然后用碳酸氢铵或草酸沉淀，都可得到纯度较高的稀土氧化物产品．     

Laser cladding in-situ carbide particle reinforced Fe-based composite coatings with rare earth oxide addition

Particulate reinforced metal matrix composite(PR-MMC) has excellent properties such as good wear resistance,corrosion resistance and high temperature properties.Laser cladding is usually used to form PR-MMC on metal surface with various volume fractions of ceramic particles.Recent literatures showed that laser melting of powder mixture containing carbon and carbide-forming elements,was favorable for the formation of in-situ synthesized carbide particles.In this paper,rare earth oxide(RE2O3) was added into t...     

Thermodynamics of Modifying Effect of Rare Earth Oxide on Inclusions in Hardfacing Metal of Medium—High Carbon Steel

The modifying effect of rare earth(RE)oxide on inclusions in hardfacing metals of medium-high carbon steel was investigated by means of thermodynamics,The thermodynamic analsys for inclusion formation shows that RE oxide can be reduced to RE element by carbon,then the RE element can react with oxygen and sulfur to form the RE oxide,RE sulfide and RE oxide-sulfide in hardfacing molten pool.The deoxidization and the desulphurization can be carried otu and the liquid metal can be purified.In addition,RE oxide can also react with sulfur to form RE oxide-sulfide dirdctly.Therefore,the harmful effect of sulfur can be decreased.     

Effect of Rare Earths on Microstructure and Properties of TiC-based Cermet／Cu Alloy Composite Wear Resistant Materials

The effect of rare earth (RE) oxide on the microstructure and properties of TiC-based cermet/Cu alloy composite hardfacing materials was investigated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), impact test and wear test. The mechanism of RE oxide for improving the phase structure and the impact toughness was also discussed. The experimental results indicate that the microstructure of the matrix can be refined, and the micro- porous defects can be eliminated by adding RE oxide into the composite materials. The polycrystalline and amorphous phase structure is formed at the interface of cermet and matrix metal. The formed structure enhances the conjoint strength of interface. The frictional wear resistance can be improved obviously, although the microhardncss of the matrix metal can not be effectively increased by adding RE oxide.     

电解法生产金属镧槽龄初探

介绍了用２０００Ａ设备生产金属镧时，采用铁保护壳石墨电解槽、氟化物熔盐休系电解氧化镧而得到金属镧产品，并提供了判断金属柄寿命的依据。通过生产过程中的观察后，针对该槽的槽龄即槽生产的部天数进行了测算，同时还详细收集了９台槽子的生产数据，并对数据进行了统计分析。     

Rare Earth Metals and Alloys by Electrolytic Methods

Fused salt electrolysis as applied to the production of reactive refractory metals is a useful process for rare earth metals preparation also. The relatively low melting point of some of the rare earth metals and many of their alloys is an advantage here. With great ingenuity, electrolytic cells have been designed and methods developed for the preparation of high melting rare earth metals also in consolidated forms, using oxide–fluoride electrolytes. Any process of rare earth metal preparation had to contend with the great reactivity of these metals not only with the atmospheric gases but also with a great variety of crucible materials as well. The development of electrolytic processes involving both the chloride medium as well as the oxide–fluoride compositions had to be guided by this factor. The search for solutions to circumvent the numerous challenges inherent in the electrolytic extraction of rare earth metals led to some interesting process development. One of them is the preparation of rare earth metals by a method involving a consumable cathode. In this an alloy is prepared first by electrolysis and the metal is then recovered by a simple non electrolytic route from the alloy. Using one or other of these three possibilities, all the rare earth metals, and many of their alloys, could be prepared by electrolytic methods. All these issues and possibilities are highlighted in this paper.     

金属钕工业生产中氧化钕利用率的探讨

在氟化体系氧化物电解金属钕的工业产中,针对Ｍｄ２Ｏ３在熔盐中溶解度低的情况下,尤其是以氟酸铈矿提取的ｎｄ２Ｏ３为原料电解时易发生沉底现象时,采取调整熔盐配比和适当提高氧化钕利用率的方法,可改善金属钕产品的表面质量,防止熔盐夹杂,降低产品中的碳含量,并可达到减少炉渣（废旧溶盐）生成、稳定炉况生产和节能降耗的目的。     

Development and Application of a Heat-resistant Low Ni Steel Modified by Rare Earth for Furnace Roller

The low Ni steel modified hy rare earth(3Cr24NiTSiN with an addition of 0.3% Ce)for furnace roller hasbeen developed.Due to the RE(rare earth)addition,a dense oxide film is formed on the steel surface at hightemperature,and the oxidation rate is decreased.This film has so good adhesion to the matrix that it will not bepeeled off easily.The RE modified steel has excellent oxidation resistance and thermal strength even if beingused continuously for a long period at high temperature.This steel roller has a service life of about 4 years com-parable to high Ni steel ones,so the low Ni steel can replace high Ni steel to make furnace roller.The Ni contentof this material can be reduced by 65% in comparison with Cr25Ni20Si2 steel,The low Ni steel has better pro-eessing properties including melting,casting and working properties than that of high Ni ones.