提升4G终端驻留比方法研究

主要研究如何优化空闲态及数据连接态参数设置,避免4G终端过早重选/重定向至2G、3G网络;以及终端驻留在2G、3G网络后,如何尽快返回4G网络。通过应用空闲态和数据连接态参数调整策略,终端4G驻留时长占比显著提升。     

基于5G业务量AI分析节能应用研究

随着5G网络建设持续深入,5G基站能耗管理与优化成为运维工作的重点之一.5G基站支持能耗KPI指标监控,通过网管可以监控基站各单板的累加能耗,实现业务和能耗可视.针对主设备厂家目前无版本支撑节能减排特性的背景,本研究以基站业务量为切入点,进行基站AI节能闭锁分析,为5G基站节省电费开支提供经验参考.     

R16版本中5G核心网的新概念

3GPP的5G标准中,在R15版本的基础上,R16版本新增了一系列新概念,从而可以更好地实现面向uRLLC、面向垂直行业、面向固移融合。本文对R16版本中5G核心网新增的主要网元功能和关键技术进行介绍,有助于读者快速学习5G新技术,有利于uRLLC业务早日实施。     

5G终端功耗优化研究及端网实践

自5G商用以来,5G终端功耗过大的问题已经成为5G用户体验的一大痛点,用户往往会因为5G耗电过大而选择关闭SA网络,直接影响5G整体的业务推广及市场口碑。文章介绍R15和R16中5G终端能耗节省相关的功能特性原理,从时域、频域、空域分析端网协同配置的5G终端节电方案。同时在现网部署环境中,选取两家主流网络设备,组织国内Top5芯片厂家和终端厂家进行大规模SA终端功耗端网协同优化技术试验。根据实测数据,提出并验证R15阶段针对5G SA现网节电特性参数配置的优化建议。文章研究成果已广泛应用于运营商网络,有效降低SA终端功耗,极大地提振终端产业界对于中国5G SA规模化发展的信心。     

基于5G NAS单锚点网络共享模式下用户分层策略研究

目前大部分共享5G基站是采用NSA(非独立组网)单锚点模式,涉及到大量异厂家产品,存在跨运营商之间4G/5G协同问题.由于目前共享区内现网4G基站识别NSA终端准确度不够,无法进行差异化的迁入迁出控制,而通过探索和优化调整空闲态和连接态的策略,对4G现网和共享锚点基站参数进行系统设计,覆盖几种典型的组网场景,确保5G终...     

3G/4G系统间互操作技术探讨

本文对4G引入后的空闲态重选、数据业务互操作方案进行了分析和研究。提出了面向4G商用网络的3G/4G互操作测量制定原则和相关建议。     

5G安全风险分析及标准进展

5G网络新技术、新特征带来了新的安全风险与挑战,主要体现在虚拟化设备安全边界模糊,数据泄露风险有所增加,海量多样化终端容易成为新的攻击目标以及新业务场景下安全责任主体划分难度加大等方面。5G安全相关标准重点研究5G安全关键技术、5G系统安全架构和流程相关要求、设备安全保障等,目前已完成第1版本(R15)的标准制定工作,预计2019年底完成第2阶段(R16)5G安全的标准制定工作。     

面向广电的5G网络节能技术方案

本文对5G网络的各种节能技术进行了综述,对各节能技术的特点及其节能效果进行了对比分析,并给出了应用场景建议.根据中国广电拥有的5G网络频段,分析了各种频段及其相关设备的能耗特点,结合广电5G频段的覆盖及容量特性,提出面向广电5G网络的节能技术方案,以期为制定广电5G最佳节能方案提供参考.     

TD-LTE系统下的DRX过程的改进与实现

随着移动终端业务的丰富以及智能手机的普及,移动终端电池的续航能力在成为业界关注热点的同时也遇到了严峻的挑战.在LTE系统无线高层协议中,为进一步支持多种业务和大量数据的传输,DRX(非连续接收)机制作为降低终端功耗的重要方法被引入.本文不仅详细描述了DRX在空闲状态和连接状态下的不同原理和机制,而且给出了相应的实现流程与算法,并在此基础上优化了连接态下的DRX算法,从而避免了因无效配置造成的信令开销增大等问题.最后根据不同业务的特性,给出了DRX机制在不同移动业务中的实现,从而更好地改善了终端能耗和信令开销等性能.     

5G终端登网率提升研究

5G时代已来,为提升5G终端用户登网率,本文从从终端、用户、市场、网络覆盖等几个维度展开研究,针对部分终端型号建议推送SA版本提升登网率;对5G未登网用户进行精准营销;识别5G终端常驻区域无5G覆盖,引导精准规划和建站提升登网率;针对5G网络感知差问题,开展门限下探、4/5G协同、功率、波束优化等各项工作;在核心城区试...     

Comparative Study of Power Saving and Delay in LTE DRX,Directional-DRX and Hybrid-Directional DRX

With integration of advanced long term evolution networks (LTE networks) in mobile technology, 5G networks are introduced due to broadband spectrum extension which requires higher power consumption. Discontinuous reception (DRX) sleep mode mechanism is provided to accommodate lower power consumption of user equipment terminals (UE_s). For mmWave directional communication air interface in LTE between UE and LTE eNB, UE performs beam searching and alignment with LTE eNB (4G base station) after every short/long DRX cycle during ON duration. Dual connectivity of UE to both LTE eNB and NR NodeB (5G New RAN base station) is a hybrid-directional system. This allows us to propose a sleep mode mechanism which is called hybrid directional-DRX (HD-DRX). In HD-DRX, UE performs beam searching and alignment with NR NodeB during ON duration only if data packet intimation. A semi-Markov chain process is introduced to describe UE state transition. Depending on this chain, power saving factor and average delay are calculated. HD-DRX power saving as compared to LTE DRX and Directional-DRX (D-DRX) is conducted. Due to different beam searching procedure, another comparison of average delay is assigned between D-DRX and HD-DRX. Data traffic model parameters are considered and numerical analysis is validated using MATLAB program simulations.     

Performance Evaluation of Sleep Mode on Power Saving in WiMAX IEEE 802.16m and LTE DRX

Power saving represents a vital role in mobile communications networks such as IEEE 802.16m and LTE. Modern user equipment (UE_s) require high data rates and low power consumption. It is found that arranging sleep mode mechanisms ensures UE battery longer lifetime. In this paper, different sleep mode mechanisms are investigated for both IEEE 802.16m and LTE networks. The analyses are based on Markov and Semi-Markov chains. It is focused on the determination of UE transition state. Web traffic model parameters were considered in MATLAB simulation and a comparison assessment was conducted between WiMAX IEEE 802.16m and LTE DRX. It was found that LTE DRX sleep mode provides more power saving than WiMAX IEEE 802.16m sleep mode. The study is now implemented for 5G networks with encouraging results.     

Energy Saving Mechanism with a Route Prediction Based Intra-handover in LTE Networks

Long term evolution standard employs the discontinuous reception (DRX) technology to help user equipment (UE) in energy saving. After the UE received nothing from the base station for a predefined time span, it turns off the radio frequency module to enter sleep mode for energy saving. An UE may fail to handover or lost connection for late handover in case it enters sleep mode before handover and missed the optimal handover timing, therefore results in data loss. This paper proposes an energy saving mechanism with a prediction based intra-handover which predicts the next target handover base station and the optimal handover time according to the historical path data kept in a database. The UE would check whether the next sleep mode outlast the handover time point before entering sleep mode to reduce power consumption for handover failure caused by the long DRX cycle and base station reselection. Simulation results show that the DRX mechanism helps reduce power consumption of UE by 90–95 % over the conventional one more than 7 % handover failures. The energy saving mechanism combined with route prediction leads to 22 % more energy saving while cutting handover failures to 5 %.

     

5G无线网络节能技术研究

5G网络带宽大、流量高、通道数多,基站功耗远超4G基站。高额的电费对公司运营成本带来很大挑战。本论文主要从设备级、站点级和网络级三个方面阐述了5G网络节能技术研究及进展,其中,设备级节能主要采用新材料、新工艺、新技术降低设备能耗,站点级节能技术包括亚帧关断、通道关断、深度休眠等关键技术,网络级节能包括网络协作节能技术和网络架构优化节能技术（C-RAN）等。最后,论文给出了相关技术建议及未来展望。     

Stochastic modeling for energy efficiency in modified directional discontinuous reception for LTE-5G networks

Fifth-generation (5G) networks deal with high-frequency data rates, ultra-low latency, more reliability, massive network capacity, more availability, and a more uniform user experience. To validate the high-frequency rates, 5G networks engage beam searching operation. By adopting a beam searching state between the short and long sleep, one can reduce the system's delay. The energy consumption of user equipment (UE) in 5G networks is much higher than in the 4G networks. To reduce the energy consumption and increase the energy saving in UE, Long-Term Evolution (LTE)-5G networks adopt the discontinuous reception (DRX) scheme with a fixed number of short sleep. LTE-DRX without beam search operation (i.e., beam alignment) cannot work in 5G networks. Hence, keeping this scenario in mind, we have modeled a new modified directional discontinuous reception (MD-DRX) mechanism for LTE-5G networks. The MD-DRX mechanism captures the behavior of a beam searching, an inactive, an active, a long sleep, an ON, and a short sleep states. The short sleep state consists of a maximum $M$ short sleep. To get the optimal energy saving and energy consumption (i.e., energy efficiency) from the MD-DRX mechanism, it is required to check the system's throughput. The trade-off between energy saving/energy consumption and throughput will provide the system's optimal energy saving and optimal energy consumption. In this paper, we have obtained the system's optimal energy saving and throughput by optimizing the maximum short sleep and short sleep duration. To get the energy efficiency for LTE-5G networks, the trade-off between average energy consumption/energy saving and throughput is shown.     

Requirements on Satellite Access Node and User Equipment for Non-Terrestrial Networks in 5G New Radio of 3GPP Release-17

For the first time, 3GPP considered in Release-17 the introduction of mobile satellite service (MSS) frequency bands for 3GPP user equipment (UE) direct connectivity with satellites and had to consider the coexistence in adjacent bands with terrestrial networks (TNs). This paper will further explain the most challenging and the main surprising outcomes of this work, which opened new market opportunities for both terrestrial and nonterrestrial stakeholders. 5G New Radio nonterrestrial networks (NTNs) for satellite communications are representing a major breakthrough in the history of telecommunication for the capability of reuniting two different types of services, that is, terrestrial and nonterrestrial, by reusing the same waveform and potentially the same type of terminal. One of the major conclusions of the 5G NR NTN 3GPP work in Release-17 was that NTN UE could reuse the current requirements of the TN UE. For this reason, the same terminal can connect to both TNs and to nonterrestrial satellite constellations. Consequently, the market is not fragmented and therefore there will be a real opportunity for both terrestrial and satellite operators to increase the coverage and the quality of the service all over the world. This is one of the most important breakthroughs that 3GPP Release-17 work was able to justify because it clearly shows that satellite connectivity using 5G NR technology is not only for dedicated satellite 5G NR UE with a higher power class. On the other hand, the 3GPP work also shows that the satellite connectivity does not require a dedicated satellite waveform, because 5G NR waveform based on CP-OFDM (for downlink) and DFT-s-OFDM (for uplink) is sufficient. Another important finding is that TN can coexist with NTN on adjacent channels with relaxed ACIR requirements for the tested simulation scenarios. In fact, the satellite 5G NR requirements are lower when compared with terrestrial base station (BS) requirements from previous 3GPP releases. The satellite ecosystem tremendously changed after these findings, and both satellite and terrestrial stakeholders now see a potential market opportunity.     

一种面向B5G初始接入过程的增强型波束管理机制设计

波束管理是毫米波通信的重要研究内容,5G NR（New Radio）协议中已完整设计了用户在初始接入和连接状态下与基站确定最佳通信波束的流程,然而B5G(Beyond Fifth Generation)场景将使用52.6 GHz以上甚至更高的通信频率,需要更大规模的天线单元对抗路损,导致波束管理在初始接入过程中的信令开销和时延急剧增加。为此,在5G NR协议现有框架的基础上,针对52.6 GHz以上的高频段重新设计了一种专用于波束扫描的信号块（Beam Sweeping Block,BSB）,并提出一种两阶段增强型波束管理机制,用于在初始接入过程中快速确定用户和基站的最佳通信波束,进而完成同步和小区搜索。仿真结果表明,相对于NR中现有的波束管理机制,所提出的增强型波束管理方案可在保证接入性能的前提下,大幅降低初始接入时延。     

工作模式下TD-SCDMA多媒体终端省电的研究及实现

省电技术是移动终端设计的一项关键技术,目前的研究多数是针对待机模式下的省电技术.本文结合TD-SCDMA系统及终端的技术特点,深入研究并实现了TD-SCDMA多媒体终端在工作模式下的省电关键技术,这对于推动TD-SCDMA产业的发展有着重大的技术意义和现实意义.     

基于自适应控制休眠周期的LTE DRX机制研究

针对LTE系统的动态不连续接收机制,系统分析了动态控制LTE DRX周期算法的引入背景,提出了一种基于自适应控制休眠周期的LTEDRX机制,并通过仿真平台对其性能进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明该算法在能耗和时延2方面均具有良好的性能,可以实现两者之间的有效折衷与权衡。     

一种基于延迟线补偿记忆效应的模拟预失真器

模拟预失真器具有带宽宽、结构简单、功耗低和延时少等优点,满足第五代移动通信系统(5G)及超 5G 的功放线性化对大带宽、低功耗和低延时的要求。然而随着移动通信系统的发展,信号的带宽和调制度越来越 高,功率放大器的记忆效应影响也越来越强,而传统的模拟预失真器无法补偿功放的记忆效应。为了解决模拟预失 真电路的记忆效应补偿问题,文中提出了一种基于延迟线补偿记忆效应的肖特基二极管模拟预失真器(SDD-APD)。 该模拟预失真器采用不等长微带线作为延迟线,用来补偿功放的记忆效应。采用100 MHz 带宽5G 新无线电(NR) 信号对工作在3. 5 GHz 的AB 类功放进行测试,结果表明该模拟预失真器可以补偿功放的记忆效应,并能将功放的 非线性改善10 dB 以上。