新型微提取技术在天然有机成分分析中的应用

天然产物中所含有机成分种类复杂,为了实现对天然有机成分快速高效地研究利用,需要通过提取技术对天然产物进行有效地分离提纯。文中综述了一些新型微提取技术,固相微萃取、基体分散固相萃取技术、磁性固相微萃取技术、泡腾固相微萃取和液相微萃取,并对固相微萃取和液相微萃取进行详细论述。     

天然有机物的提取与分离

简要叙述了天然有机物提取与分离方法,如超临界流体萃取技术,超声波提取技术,微波提取技术,酶提取和仿生提取技术,固相萃取和固相微萃取技术技术.对高数逆流色谱技术、大孔树脂吸附法技术进行了详细的描述.     

分子印迹技术在天然药物有效成分提取分离中的应用

简绍了分子印迹技术原理、分子印迹聚合物制备方法,对分子印述技术在天然药物分离纯化中的手性分离、固相萃取、膜分离方法等应用进行评述,分析了现有分子印迹技术存在的问题,展望了分子印迹技术在天然药物提取分离中的应用前景.     

天然产物分离新技术

对天然产物的提取方法和分离精制方法进行了综述。对天然产物的提取方法如双水相萃取、超l临界萃取、微波提取、超声波提取和液膜提取等进行了论述，并对分子精馏、大孔吸附树脂、凝胶色谱和分子印迹等技术在天然产物分离精制上的应用进行了介绍。对各种方法的特点和不足进行了比较。     

聚离子液体及其在天然产物分离中的应用

天然产物资源丰富,其高效利用离不开先进的分离技术。兼具离子液体高选择性及聚合物安全、易回收等特性的聚离子液体为天然产物的分离提供了新途径。在介绍聚阳离子型、聚阴离子型和聚两性型离子液体制备技术的基础上,综述了使用聚离子液体的固相萃取、固相微萃取、分子印迹固相萃取、液液萃取及毛细管电泳技术在黄酮类、生物碱类、酚类、蛋白质类等天然产物分离中的研究进展,分析了聚离子液体分离作用机理及其具有良好的分离效率、稳定性和回收再利用性能的原因,特别强调了刺激响应聚离子液体在天然产物分离中的优势,并从聚离子液体设计和定制出发对聚离子液体在分离领域所存在的挑战和潜在的应用进行了展望。     

中药有效成分提取技术及分析方法研究进展

本文结合国内外相关文献,综述了超临界流体萃取、固相萃取法及固相微萃取法、超声提取法、微波萃取法、高速逆流色谱提取法等提取分离新技术以及薄层色谱法、气相色谱法、毛细管电泳技术、高效液相色谱法、生物色谱法、超临界流体色谱法、色谱联用技术、多维色谱法等分析技术在中药有效成分提取和分析中的应用,同时对红外光谱法与基因工程技术进行简单介绍,为中药制剂工业生产提供参考。     

天然香料提取分离技术研究进展

简单介绍了我国天然香料分布情况及其应用领域。综述了高速逆流色谱分离（HSCCC）、超声萃取、超临界二氧化碳、生物催化、分子蒸馏、树脂吸附等技术应用于天然香料提取分离的原理、特点以及在天然香料提取方面的应用。最后对天然香料的提取技术进行展望并提出今后天然香料的发展趋势。     

新型分离技术在天然有机物提取及纯化中的应用

论述了新型分离技术如超临界萃取，液膜分离，双水相萃取，超声提取技术的原理及特点，介绍了它们在天然药物活性有机物提取分离中的应用研究进展，对其工业前景进行了展望。     

固相萃取-气质联用法测定水中半挥发性有机物的初步研究

利用C18固相小柱萃取提取水中水中半挥发性有机化合物,包括氯苯类、硝基苯类、苯酚类、酞酸酯类、苯胺等,用气相色谱质谱法进行定性定量分析。优化了甲醇用量、进样流速等固相萃取条件。实验结果表明,1L水样时方法检出限为0.004～01μg／L,回收率为35％120％。使用该方法可对水环境中痕量有机物进行快速定性及准确定量的监测。     

气相色谱法测定水中有机氯农药

建立了固相萃取,气相色谱测定水体中有机氯农药的方法,并对分离效果、检出限的确定以及固相萃取条件优化进行了研究探讨.     

从生物质直接脱氧液化产物中 提取分离酚类化合物

棉秆直接脱氧液化制备出富含酚类化合物的生物油,将该生物油进行精馏,收集180～260℃的馏分(酚类化合物GC含量高达78.84%),得率约为45%。用1%NaOH碱洗分离油相与水相,水相用有机膨润土吸附和有机溶剂萃取分离,通过GC、GC-MS分析。结果表明,有机膨润土吸附的酚类化合物GC含量为79.13%,有机溶剂萃取分离法可获取纯度较高的酚类化合物,萃取后溶剂中酚类化合物GC含量可高达93.89%,纯度可达93.63%。     

Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Solid-Phase Separation of Quercetin from Solid Onion (Allium cepa L.)

The challenge of extraction of natural product in the twenty-first century is to achieve 100% selectivity of the desired product and develop renewable energy based processes. An object of the present work is to provide a method for producing specific bioactive compounds from agricultural products. A simple protocol was used to obtain the conditions of microwave-assisted extraction (MWAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (USAE). Total quercetin content under microwave irradiation for 150 sec at pH 6.25 (209 mg/ 100 gm F. wt). The effects of operating conditions, such as extraction time and pH on the extraction yield of quercetin were studied. Microwave-assisted ionic liquid-based silica sorbent (ILSis) was developed by a process involving surface chemical modification of commercial silica using a synthesized ionic liquid and characterized by FTIR. The obtained particles were successfully used as a special sorbent in a solid-phase separation process to isolate quercetin and its glycosides from solid onion. Different washing and elution solvents, such as water, water/methanol (v/v), and pure methanol were evaluated. Ionic liquid-based silica sorbent was compared with traditional C18 sorbent and it exhibited higher selectivity. The target compounds in solid onion containing quercetin and its glycosides were determined.     

核酸固相分离方法及其在病原PCR诊断中的应用综述

病原PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)诊断具有快速、灵敏、高修改灵活性等优势,在传染病控制、农业病害防治和食品安全等领域发挥着重要作用.核酸分离作为分子诊断技术的关键步骤,影响着PCR诊断的整体效率、检测灵敏度和准确性,是PCR诊断局限于实验室使用的关键制约因素之一.核酸固相分离可以避免传统液...     

微乳液在萃取分离中的应用研究

微乳液作为分离介质具有分离速度快、效率高、选择性好等优点,可应用于湿法冶金、环境保护、生物工程、化工、医药等领域。本文综述了微乳液萃取分离金属离子、有机化合物及生化物质的研究进展。     

Bioactive compounds and advanced processing technology: Phaleria macrocarpa (sheff.) Boerl,a review

Recent technological advances and the development of new methods has provided an opportunity to obtain highly purified natural bioactive compound extracts with potential for the treatment and prevention of human diseases. The use of hazardous and toxic solvents for the extraction and processing of bioactive compounds from plant materials is considered a problem for health, safety and environmental pollution. Advanced technology aims to increase production of the desired compounds and find an alternative to using toxic solvents in the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials. The ever growing interest in plant bioactive compounds and today's concerns about environment issues have led to an increased need for an efficient and green extraction method. This review is focused on the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants using advanced and environment‐friendly methods such as supercritical fluid extraction, microwave‐assisted extraction, ultrasound‐assisted extraction and similar techniques that can extract rapidly and free from organic residues. An updated overview of the bioactive compounds present in the plant Phaleria macrocarpa and its extraction, fractionation, purification and isolation is provided. The advantages and disadvantages of both conventional and non‐conventional extraction methods are also discussed in this review. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry     

Continuous and selective separation of EGCG from tea polyphenols by fractional extraction: Experiment and simulation

A new and efficient method was explored to continuously separate (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from tea polyphenols (TPs) by fractional extraction in centrifugal contactor separators (CCSs). The effects of different organic solvents on distribution behavior of monomers of TPs were studied, and two green extraction systems were established without reactive extractant. Based on phase equilibrium and the law of conservation of mass, a fractional extraction model was developed to investigate the influence of the process parameters such as phase ratio and the number of stages on extraction efficiency. By simulation and optimization, optimal parameters can be obtained for the separation of EGCG. EGCG can be separated by batch and continuous separation. Excellent results can be achieved by the two methods with high purity, high yield, and large output. Compared to the batch method, the continuous separation is more suitable for production in an industrial scale due to low-cost and continuous separation. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 259–269, 2019     

含氮杂环化合物与有机酸协同体系在镍、钴萃取分离中的应用

近年来开发了多种含氮杂环化合物与有机酸类萃取剂的协同体系,明显提高了镍、钴的萃取性能,同时增强了对杂质元素的分离效果,具有较大的实际应用价值。本工作综述了一些具有代表性的含氮杂环化合物与有机酸类萃取剂组成的协同萃取体系,探讨了萃取体系对镍、钴的协同萃取效果及与常见杂质元素的分离,并讨论了协同萃取体系潜在的工业应用。协同体系对镍、钴的萃取及对杂质元素的分离主要是由酸性萃取剂本身性质和含氮杂环协萃剂的影响共同决定,有机磺酸、羧酸、膦酸等萃取剂与含氮杂环化合物组成的协同萃取体系在萃取镍、钴的过程中对金属杂质元素分离的选择性不同,在镍、钴的提取及生产过程中也展现出不同的应用价值。