A data-base system for the thermophysical properties of 400 pure fluids and their binary mixtures

In order to provide the newest and most reliable numerical data of thermophysical properties of fluids to the scientific and technical community as quickly as possible, the present data-base system was designed and constructed. This data base is concerned with 12 kinds of thermophysical properties at 7 defined physical states for about 400 pure fluids and their binary mixtures. The present system is constructed by means of a data-base management system, INQ, on our computer ACOS series System-2020 produced by Nippon Electric Co. Ltd. The data base is usable as (i) the conversational processing by TSS, (ii) the tabulation of property data in batch processing, and (iii) one of the subroutine libraries in the computation of a user's program. For users' convenience, 10 kinds of application programs have been prepared for the multipurpose retrievals, and anyone can use this data base liberally without any special knowledge on the structure or languages of this system. Furthermore, the function of graphic display of property data has been added recently.Invited paper presented at the Tenth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 20–23, 1988, Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.A.     

Japanese research on thermophysical properties of fluids

Japanese research activities on thermophysical properties of gases and liquids, as well as some historical background, are outlined. The current situation is explained for industrially important substances, such as water and steam, high pressure gases and liquids, refrigerants, molten salts, and other fluids. Related activities are also briefly introduced. Although some of the Japanese studies can be traced back to more than 50 years ago, a systematic effort has been visible only in the last 20 years. However, quite recently, thermophysical properties research has begun to attract attention of more people in science and industry in Japan, probably as the natural sequence to the progress of technology.Presented at the Japan-United States Joint Seminar on Thermophysical Properties, October 24–26, 1983, Tokyo, Japan.     

Selected thermophysical properties of dense fluids using a general regularity

A simple equation of state is used to calculate the bulk modulus, Joule-Thomson inversion temperature, and isobaric expansivity of dense fluids (with density greater than the Boyle density). The EOS predicts the following regularities: (i) the linearity of the bulk modulus versus pressure for each isotherm of a dense fluid for a range of about 100 MPa for subcritical fluids and about 1000 MPa for supercritical fluids, (ii) the linearity of bulk modulus with respect to temperature for each isochore, and (iii) the linearity of inverse isobaric expansivity with pressure for each isochore. The regularities have been found to be consistent with experimental observations. The calculated Joule-Thomson inversion temperature shows good agreement with experimental data in the range of validity of the EOS.     

Design of regenerators for heat transfer fluids with variable thermophysical properties

Theoretical formulas are obtained for determining the heat transfer surface of a regenerator in the case of the heat capacity of one of the heat transfer fluids, and also the heat transfer coefficient varying substantially through the equipment. The effectiveness of the results is illustrated by concrete examples.     

Relationships between complexes of thermophysical properties and compressibilities of fluids

Based on experimental data for water and toluene, relationships between complexes of thermophysical quantities at a given temperature and pressure and between them and compressibility complexes are established.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 91–96, July, 1977.     

Research on thermophysical properties of fluids at the Grozny Petroleum Institute (USSR)

A brief survey is presented of the thermophysical properties of petroleum, petroleum products, hydrocarbons, and their mixtures and of other working fluids that are being investigated at the Grozny Petroleum Institute in the USSR. The properties include density, specific heat, surface tension, thermal conductivity, and viscosity. A list of references with the relevant information is included.     

The investigation of thermophysical properties of fluids by an alternating current hot-wire method

A method and an instrument for the measurement of a number of the thermophysical properties (thermal conductivity, thermal activity, volumetric specific heat, thermal diffusivity) are described. The results obtained for thermal conductivity and specific heat of toluene, over a temperature range 30–350°C and pressures of up to 30 MPa, are presented.     

Identifying the thermophysical properties of substances

Schemes (procedures) are presented for identifying thermophysical properties. The schemes are constructed on the basis of the structural analysis of problems of heat conductivity.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 416–427, September, 1980.     

A method and a device for measuring the thermophysical properties of liquids

Physical and mathematical models of a method of determining the thermophysical properties of liquids, the design of a measurement device, an automated system of scientific tests of thermophysical properties, and the results of an experimental determination of the thermophysical characteristics of liquid SKU PFL-74 rubber are examined.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 37–41, April, 1994.     

Expressions for thermophysical properties of superheated steam

Expressions for the density, viscosity, the adiabatic exponent, and enthalpy of superheated steam are derived and their accuracy is estimated. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 1, pp. 40–41, January, 1999.     

Problems of data input into a data base for thermophysical properties

THERSYST is a data base especially designed for the storage, handling, and presentation of thermophysical property data. Great effort has been spent to enable the storage of the complete relevant information on the material and the experimental conditions. A modular system of evaluation programs allows one to combine measured data with any describing data, to convert stored values to others with the help of given formula, or to transform parameters to variables. Finally, all these data can be listed and plotted in many ways. An essential time factor and source of error during storage of data are produced by the extraction of the information from the literature. In many cases the kind of presentation is not appropriate for the data transfer into the data base. A form of presentation which facilitates the literature evaluation for the data input is proposed.Paper presented at the Tenth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 20–23, 1988, Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.A.     

A submicrosecond pulse heating system for the investigation of thermophysical properties of metals at high temperatures

A submicrosecond ohmic pulse heating technique is described for measurements of thermal properties of cylindrical metallic samples at high temperatures. Electrical and optical measurements for determination of thermophysical data such as enthalpy, specific heat, and electrical resistivity are presented. Effects that can falsify the results are discussed.Paper presented at the Ninth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 24–27, 1985, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

Prediction of the thermophysical properties of solids

Proceeding from the established interrelations between thermophysical, elastic, and structural characteristics, the article analyzes the possibility of predicting the thermophysical properties of solids.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 831–835, May, 1986.     

Electro-and thermophysical properties of polyaniline

The electrophysical and thermophysical properties of electrically conducting polyaniline are investigatect in a wide temperature range (77–500 K). Possible mechanisms of polyaniline electrical conductivity depending on the synthesis conditions, doping level, and temperature are analyzed. Thermophysics Department at the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tasalkert Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 69, No. 4, pp. 598–605, July–August, 1996     

Measurements of thermophysical properties by a stepwise heating method

An outline of the stepwise heating method for measuring thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity of samples in both solid and liquid phases is described. The method is based on the measurement of temperature response at the surface of a solid sample when the other surface is heated in step-function. By making the best use of the characteristic points of this method, applications to samples in the liquid state, especially to high temperature melts such as molten salts, have been tried. As examples of measurement results, the thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity of zirconia brick and the thermal diffusivity of molten salts are shown in graphic form.Presented at the Japan-United States Joint Seminar on Thermophysical Properties, October 24–26, 1983, Tokyo, Japan.     

An equation of state for pure fluids describing the critical region

Density fluctuations of a pure nuid are treated by a cell model, in which the fluid is divided into cells containing different numbers of particles. A probability function for the particle number is derived. This function, after convolution with a classical (mean field) equation of state, leads to an improved equation of state which is valid in the critical region. The equation of state is analytical, hence not exact in the immediate vicinity of the critical point. As an example, the convolution is applied to the Carnahan-Starling/van der Waals equation of state; the resulting equation of state is used to correlate thermodynamic properties of several simple fluids.