黑果腺肋花楸在体外模拟消化过程中酚类物质及抗氧化性的变化规律

本研究探讨了体外胃肠道消化模拟对黑果腺肋花楸中酚类物质的含量及抗氧化活性的影响,采用福林酚法和硝酸铝显色法测定黑果腺肋花楸消化前后总酚和总黄酮的含量。通过DPPH?和ABTS+自由基清除能力来验证胃肠消化处理对黑果腺肋花楸抗氧化活性的影响。实验结果表明：在模拟体外消化过程中,黑果腺肋花楸的多酚和黄酮含量表现出不同的变化趋势。其中,黑果腺肋花楸多酚在胃消化模拟过程中稳定性较好,黄酮含量显著增加（p<0.05）,DPPH?和ABTS+自由基清除能力均无显著性变化（p>0.05）;在模拟肠液消化过程中,多酚和黄酮含量显著增加,分别是提高了1.33、1.38倍（p<0.05）,DPPH?和ABTS+自由基清除率分别降低了36.84%和8.55%。胃肠道中胃蛋白酶、胃酸、胰蛋白酶对黑果腺肋花楸中多酚和黄酮的释放有一定的促进作用,但胰蛋白酶会降低果实的抗氧化能力,这可能与有机酸的分解有关。本研究结果为黑果腺肋花楸天然产品的开发及应用提供科学依据。     

Effects of oral exposure of pigs to deoxynivalenol (DON) sulfonate (DONS) as the non-toxic derivative of DON on tissue residues of DON and de-epoxy-DON and on DONS blood levels

The Fusarium toxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is of outstanding importance in pig nutrition because of its frequent occurrence in cereal grains at levels high enough to cause adverse effects such as a decrease in feed intake and impairment of the immune system. Thus, simple decontamination procedures would be useful. The present study aimed to examine the effects of wet preservation of triticale contaminated with DON and zearalenone (ZON) with sodium metabisulphite (SBS) on the treatment-related non-toxic derivative of DON (DON-sulfonate, DONS), and on ZON and its metabolites in blood and various physiological specimens of piglets. The uncontaminated control triticale (CON) and the DON-contaminated triticale (FUS) were included in the diets either untreated or SBS treated (CON-SBS, FUS-SBS) and fed to piglets for 28 days starting from weaning. The diet concentrations for DON were 0.156, 0.084, 2.312 and 0.275 mg kg^?1, for DONS were <0.05, <0.05, <0.05 and 1.841 mg kg^?1, and for ZON were <0.001, 0.006, 0.017, and 0.016 mg kg^?1 for each of CON, CON-SBS, FUS and FUS-SBS, respectively. DONS was present in the blood of piglets fed the FUS-SBS at a median concentration of 15.5 ng ml^?1 (3–67 ng ml^?1), while the median DON concentration amounted to 2 ng ml^?1 (0–5 ng ml^?1) at the same time. The median DON concentration in the blood of piglets fed the FUS diet reached a median concentration of 10.5 ng ml^?1 (5–17 ng ml^?1). Moreover, the relative differences between the DON concentrations in other physiological specimens (muscle, liver, kidney, bile and urine) in piglets fed the FUS-SBS and the FUS diet were comparable with the blood DON concentration differences. Although these differences can be taken as an indication for DONS stability after absorption and distribution further studies examining DONS in these other physiological specimens directly are necessary to substantiate this conclusion. Moreover, ZON and α-zearalenol could only be detected in bile and urine where their levels were not influenced by the SBS treatment.