共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
综述了大气环境下金属腐蚀和涂层腐蚀在线监测技术。对于金属大气腐蚀,介绍了电阻探针法、电偶腐蚀电池、电化学阻抗谱、电化学噪声法、表面超声波技术、石英晶体微天平技术和射频识别技术等多种在线监测方法的原理及其研究现状;对于大气环境涂层腐蚀,从电化学方法、非电化学方法、不同监测方法相结合等三方面进行了阐述。总结了当前大气腐蚀在线监测亟待解决的问题,并从“互联网+”智慧防腐方向出发,结合腐蚀大数据的发展,对大气腐蚀在线监测技术未来方向进行了展望。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
油气开采行业由于井下管柱以及地面集输管线受高矿化度产液、CO2或H2S等的影响而遭受严重腐蚀,导致停工停产,甚至出现重大环境事故和经济损失。缓蚀剂是油气开采行业使用最为广泛的防腐蚀技术,当前缓蚀剂的评价方法主要包括失重法、极化曲线、交流阻抗、电化学噪声、恒电量法和电化学石英晶体微天平分析等。虽然室内评价技术比较成熟,但现场应用中由于流体复杂性和腐蚀产物包覆和FeS的导电性影响,导致现场效率与室内评价结果出现较大偏差,且缺乏可靠缓蚀剂现场评价方法。首先介绍了一些广泛使用的缓蚀剂快速评价方法,此外,结合现场腐蚀监测技术发展,介绍了电化学阻抗、电阻探针、磁阻探针、氢通量探头、场指纹电流法以及缓蚀剂残余浓度在线分析等用于监测缓蚀剂的现场效果,分析了各种缓蚀剂在线监测方案的优势与不足之处。最后还探讨了油田在线腐蚀监测与缓蚀剂智能加注管理方案。该方案不仅可有效降低设备腐蚀,还可通过比例积分微分(Proportion Integration Differentiation, PID)控制器,实现缓蚀剂的自适应加入,降低水处理成本,提高缓蚀剂使用的经济性。尽管当前油气田腐蚀在线监测技术已取得较大进展,但受制于油田腐蚀系统的复杂性,其检测精度与可靠性仍与实际要求有较大差距,大多数腐蚀监测技术对于局部腐蚀监测仍然十分粗略,难以对局部腐蚀速率和发生位置进行可靠预测,需要腐蚀科学工作者的进一步努力。 相似文献
9.
10.
高含H2S或特高含H2S气藏越来越多投入开发利用,给油气管材带来的腐蚀问题受到极大关注。声发射(AE)是一种无损在线监测技术,具有在酸性环境下在线监测油气管材腐蚀的潜在应用。在前人研究的基础上,综述了声发射在线监测腐蚀的原理以及从声发射波形信号中能提取到的与酸性环境下油气管材腐蚀相关的计数、绝对能量(ABS)、累计能量、上升时间/幅度(RA)、平均频率(AVG frequency)以及振幅分布值b值等参数,并基于这些参数对气泡破裂、点蚀以及腐蚀裂纹产生等过程、腐蚀类型识别以及腐蚀源定位进行了综合分析。声发射在线监测技术在一定程度上能够有效识别酸性环境下油气管材腐蚀过程、类型以及定位腐蚀源,从而提高腐蚀检出能力。声发射在线监测技术对酸性环境下油气管道腐蚀防护与监测具有重要意义。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
14.
Corrosion protection of steel reinforcement in concrete structures by cathodic protection (CP) is a cost effective, reliable, and widely accepted method to stop and prevent the corrosion of the steel reinforcement. The efficiency of CP is usually monitored by the “24 h, 100 mV depolarization criterion,” a purely empirical criterion whose implementation is cost and labor intensive and that does not allow online control of CP. Within an extended research project on CP applied to concrete members of a highway bridge exposed to penetrating moisture, three sets of macrocells (MC), each composed of five MC sensors, were installed in conjunction with concrete resistance sensors and silver/silver chloride reference cells. Chloride profiles were determined from the cored or drilled powder originating from the installation of sensors and from drilling cores. Corrosion currents, steel potentials, and concrete resistance were monitored over a period of 1 year before, after installing the CP systems (which remained switched off for half a year for evaluating the effect of the conductive coating), and after start-up of the CP systems. The CP systems applied consist of a moisture resistant conductive coating. As expected CP has a pronounced effect on local MC currents: Anodic MC currents were reduced or changed into cathodic currents, whereas cathodic currents were only weakly influenced. By adjusting the applied protection current all anodic MC currents may be changed into cathodic MC currents. Results indicate that the 100 mV depolarization criterion is a conservative criterion in atmospherically exposed concrete; it is not reliable in strongly wetted concrete. There was no consistent correlation between the CP induced changes in the local MC currents and 24 h depolarization values indicating that large potential shifts induced by CP do not necessarily imply overprotection. Results show that monitoring MC currents before, during, and after CP operation allows to demonstrate in a transparent way the effect of CP on the corrosion of the steel reinforcement. Online monitoring of MC currents is proposed as a viable and comprehensible method to monitor and control the efficiency of CP. 相似文献
15.
ACM智能大气腐蚀监测仪的研制 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:6
根据腐蚀电化学原理,应用微机技术研制成大气腐蚀监测仪。该仪器具有高灵敏度、多通道、自动选择量程、自动测量等功能,可在无人看管的情况下连续工作,可与IBM-PC机进行数据通讯。并通过实际监测获得较为理想的结果。从而为大气腐蚀的研究提供有力手段。 相似文献
16.
17.
随着原油品质的下降,在炼油过程中造成的腐蚀问题,受到广泛重视,腐蚀监控技术得到快速发展。炼油装置中的均匀腐蚀情况可以通过电阻探针监控法和电感探针监控法来进行监控,点腐蚀情况可以通过线性极化探针监测法和电化学噪声监控技术来进行监控,应力腐蚀情况可以通过氢通量测量技术和线性极化探针监控法来进行监控。基于这些腐蚀监控技术,建立腐蚀监控系统,用于全面监控炼油装置的腐蚀情况,基本实现了对炼油装置腐蚀情况的连续监测,以便及时给出应对措施,可有效预防腐蚀的发生,减少安全事故。 相似文献
18.
The early stage atmospheric corrosion of T91 and Q235B steels exposed to Tianjin’s urban atmosphere over 20 days was studied using two electrochemical probes via an electrochemical noise (EN) technique. To identify the corrosion process and the corrosion form of the two steels, EN data were analysed by statistics and wavelet transform. The results revealed that the wavelet energy of decomposed EN mainly located at high-frequency level for Q235B steel, whereas it mainly located at the low-frequency level for T91 steel. Analyses of surface images confirmed that Q235B steel underwent uniform corrosion whereas T91 steel suffered from localised corrosion. The obtained noise resistance correlated well with weight loss data. 相似文献