皮胶原-TiO2纳米复合材料的制备与表征

以盐酸为催化剂，钛酸丁酯为前驱体，采用溶胶凝胶法制备了纳米TiO2在制革常规工艺的基础上加强复灰处理，制备了山羊皮酸皮作为复合材料的皮胶原来源。皮胶原直接浸入前驱体溶液，水浴振荡，制备了皮胶原——TiO2纳米复合材料．原子力显微镜的测试结果表明，纳米TiO2已经均匀渗透到皮胶原纤维当中；合材料表面电性测定表明，此种复合材料带强正电性；菌防霉实验表明，所得复合材料有一定的抗菌防毒性能，缩温度和抗张撕裂强度的测试表明，纳米材料与胶原的化学结合较弱，TiO2与皮胶原可能是物理吸附。     

纳米TiO2-胶原复合机理探讨

选用皮粉及山羊酸皮作为胶原替代物,采用溶胶凝胶法制备纳米TiO2———胶原复合材料,分析其结合机理。激光粒度仪测试结果表明,小粒径的纳米微粒在TiO2纳米溶胶向凝胶的转变过程中形成,溶胶中微粒的Z-平均粒径为15~70 nm。复合材料中原位形成的纳米TiO2微粒,在原子力显微镜下所观察到的粒径大小约为40nm。可以看出,纳米TiO2微粒在皮胶原中原位生成后,粒径无明显变化。红外光谱分析表明,胶原可能与纳米前驱物中的钛络合物形成了某种形式的结合。DSC图谱的分析结果表明氨水的加入能促进此过程。     

氧化锌溶胶的制备及防紫外线性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氧化锌溶胶,探讨了溶剂、反应物浓度对溶胶稳定性、粒径的影响,及焙烘温度、焙烘时间、溶胶浓度对织物防紫外线性能的影响,并对织物进行了水热化处理。结果表明,以甲醇为溶剂制备的氧化锌溶胶平均粒径为86.2 nm,具有较好的稳定性;氧化锌溶胶整理织物最佳条件为:氧化锌溶胶浓度0.025 mol/L,浸渍5 min,焙烘温度为150℃,焙烘时间为10 min,处理后织物具有较好的防紫外线性能;氧化锌溶胶整理织物后经水热化处理,织物表面的氧化锌形成了晶形结构,防紫外线性能明显提升。     

抗菌剂及抗菌聚酯切片的制备

为解决无机纳米材料在高聚物中的分散问题,通过原位聚合的方法合成出一种聚酯纳米复合材料。首先利用碳酸铵与硫酸锌制备功能粒子氧化锌的前驱体碱式碳酸锌,随后加入氢氧化钡的乙二醇溶液,在均相多反应体系中生成一种复合纳米材料的悬浮液,不经分离直接加入到聚酯聚合反应体系中,在缩聚温度为285℃左右时,碱式碳酸锌分解,生成纳米氧化锌、二氧化碳和水,实现无机微粒子与有机基体的原位复合,并对其制备工艺参数和热性能进行确定。透射电镜照片显示所制抗菌聚酯切片中的氧化锌粒径小,分布均匀。     

纳米溶胶改善聚酯抗静电性能研究

采用有机硅前驱体制备了含硅纳米溶胶。用含硅纳米溶胶改善了聚酯织物的抗静电性能。通过激光粒度仪和扫描电镜表征了溶胶的粒径以及其在织物上的状态。实验数据证实溶胶处理后聚酯的抗静电性能显著改善,且对织物强度、白度和手感无副作用,显示出溶胶凝胶技术在织物功能整理方面广阔的应用前景。     

蛋白质-无机纳米粒子杂化机理的研究

通过溶胶 -凝胶法制备了蛋白质 -SiO2 无机纳米杂化材料。FTIR研究表明 :正硅酸乙酯水解产生的高表面活性微粒 ,与精氨酸、组氨酸、色氨酸侧基的 -C =N -基团发生了键合反应 ,并生成了新的化学键Si-C ,同时前驱体水解产生的Si-OH ,与蛋白质分子的侧基CH -OH间也可发生缩合反应 ,因而在有机相和无机相之间产生强烈的相互作用。纳米粒子的尺寸随制备条件和SiO2 含量的改变而改变 ,当SiO2 含量小于 3%且控制前驱体慢慢水解时 ,生成纳米粒子的尺寸均在 5 0 - 80nm之间 ;当SiO2 含量高且水解速度较快时 ,粒子的尺寸一般分布略宽且高于 10 0nm ;前驱体水解后 ,产生的SiO2 粒子在蛋白质中分散均匀 ,未发现明显的团聚现象     

纳米氧化锌抗紫外和抗菌棉织物

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米氧化锌整理剂,对氧化锌粉末进行X-射线衍射表征.用浸轧工艺对棉织物进行整理,工艺条件为:织物二浸二轧(70%～80%)→烘干(80℃×3 min)→焙烘(160℃×30 s);结果表明,整理后织物具有良好的抗紫外性能,UPF等级达到50+,抑菌率达99.97%;成品具有很好的皂洗牢度,且不影响整理织物的白度、断裂强力和透气性等.     

TiO2溶胶用于纯棉织物抗紫外整理

以钛酸丁酯为前驱物,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2溶胶;探讨了溶胶凝胶过程随盐酸浓度和水解温度变化的规律.用自制纳米TiO2溶胶对纯棉织物进行抗紫外整理,整理后织物的UPF等级达到50,有较好的耐洗性.     

纳米氧化锌溶胶的纺织品抗紫外整理测定分析

通过制备纳米氧化锌溶胶并应用于锦纶织物的抗紫外整理,实验表明：经过氧化锌溶胶处理,织物的抗紫外性能得到了明显的提高。同时也对棉/锦混纺织物进行了处理,相对于锦纶织物,棉/锦混纺织物处理后抗紫外线性能提高较大。     

纳米氧化锌溶胶对柞蚕丝织物的抗紫外及抗菌整理

为改善柞蚕丝织物的功能性,采用自制纳米氧化锌溶胶对柞蚕丝织物进行抗紫外及抗菌整理,测试了整理前后织物的抗紫外性能及抗菌性能。实验结果表明,制备的纳米氧化锌溶胶粒径分布较为集中,主要分布在10~23 nm,平均粒径(D50)为14.42 nm,该纳米溶胶对紫外线具有优良的屏蔽功能。柞蚕丝织物经纳米氧化锌整理后,其UPF指数可达50+级别,抑菌率达90%以上,且具有较好的耐水洗性能。整理后织物的断裂强力及断裂伸长率稍有提高,白度保持不变,吸湿性及柔软度稍有下降。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press