基于相位编组的Hough变换提取海天线算法

海天线提取是研究海天背景条件下目标跟踪的一项重要内容。考虑到海天背景的多样性,首先分析了现有算法的缺点,然后提出了一种适应性较好的海天线提取算法。算法首先用中值滤波去除云层和海杂波等噪声,然后利用基于相位编组的Hough变换提取出海天线。由于算法融合了相位编组和Hough变换两者的优点,所以该方法不但能提取出低对比度下的海天线,而且还具有强的抗干扰性,克服了相位编组和Hough变换各自的缺点。实验结果证明,该方法能提取出简单和复杂背景中的海天线,适应性好、鲁棒性强、定位准确,降低了后续目标跟踪的复杂度。     

海天背景下红外小目标检测的背景抑制及海天线检测方法

针对复杂海天背景下红外弱小目标难以检测与识别的问题,提出了基于海天线检测实现远距离弱小目标识别的方法。该方法对采集到的红外图像进行相关处理。通过用多级小波变换方法抑制背景杂波噪声提高目标信杂比;然后使用多方向Gabor滤波融合方法增强海天线边缘,并通过霍夫变换方法实现海天线定位和检测;最后通过定位海天线确定海天线附近区域的目标搜寻范围,缩小目标点潜在区,从而提高弱小目标在海天背景下的检测和识别概率。     

基于海天线提取和混合灰度差的船舶检测方法

为了快速、准确检测海天背景下远距离水平观测的船舶目标,提出了一种基于海天线提取和混合灰度差的船舶检测方法.首先,利用边缘检测算法将图像分为天空、海天线和海面三个区域,并根据海天区域连接点,采用直线拟合方法确定海天线的直线参数;然后提取海天线区域作为目标感兴趣区域,并在去除海面杂波和噪声等干扰后利用混合灰度差水平投影和垂...     

低SNR海天线提取算法

针对海天线SNR低且有一定倾角难于提取的问题,提出一种新的海天线提取算法。在预处理阶段,利用Laplacian模板对海面的波纹进行增强,然后使用顺序滤波与数学形态学相结合的方法增加海面波纹的面积与灰度,预处理后增大了海面与天空的灰度差,海天线的SNR提升70%以上;最后,设计了一种斜线查找矩阵,通过对图像行扫描生成该矩阵,矩阵最大值的横纵坐标即为海天线的位置和角度。实测数据的试验结果验证了该方法的有效性且算法运算简单,易于工程应用。创新点在于使用模板运算与形态学相结合的方法提高了海天线SNR并设计了斜线查找矩阵可以简单地定位海天线的位置和角度,减少了计算复杂度。     

海天线附近红外弱点目标检测算法研究

为解决海天线附近红外弱点目标的检测问题,提出了一种新的弱点目标检测方法。该方法通过多向梯度检测来实现对弱点目标的检测,具有运算结构简单,计算量小的特点。仿真实验结果表明,该方法可有效剔除海天线、云层以及海浪等自然背景的边缘,大大提高了复杂背景下弱点目标的检测性能,并可满足舰载红外警戒系统中弱点目标检测的实时处理要求。     

基于EmguCV的红外图像海天线提取算法研究

本文基于海天背景目标提取技术的研究,给出一种实用的海天线提取算法。首先,采用空域滤波消除弱小船只目标和近域海浪杂碎波的干扰,对降噪后的红外图像进行形态学梯度运算,采用Ostu阈值分割方法,获取海天线边缘轮廓,然后利用Hough直线检测算法,获取海天线待拟合点数组,最后利用最小二乘法拟合海天线。实验结果表明,本算法能够准确、快速地提取海天线,为海上目标的快速探测跟踪奠定基础,对红外搜救设备进行海上目标探测跟踪具有重要意义。     

基于海天线提取的红外小目标检测方法

通过对海上红外图像进行分析,提出了一种基于海天线提取的红外小目标检测方法。该算法的基本思路是根据所需提取目标的特点,首先选择感兴趣的灰度区域,然后运用Canny算子进行边缘检测,接着对图像进行Hough变换检测海天线,最后对海天线以下且符合目标特征的连通域进行标记从而来确定目标的位置。实验结果表明,该方法能较好地检测出海上红外小目标。     

基于自适应阀值Canny算法的海天线检测算法

海天线的检测是研究红外成像末制导技术的一项重要内容,对于识别红外图像中舰艇目标起到非常重要的作用。分析了红外图像的特点,给出了一种基于修正的Canny算法的海天线检测方法,根据所要处理的红外图像自适应选取Canny算法的阀值进行边缘检测,精确提取了海面和天空区域的分界线,即海天线。     

一种基于图像分割的海天线提取算法

针对红外图像中海天线的特点,提出一种基于图像分割的海天线提取方法.首先通过模板运算对图像进行预处理,以增强海天区域的图像梯度值,然后在竖直方向对图像进行分割,以定位局部海天线,最后用直线拟合法找出海天线位置.实验结果表明,该方法可以快速有效地检测出海天线位置,易于工程应用.     

基于海天线抑制的舰船目标检测方法研究

为了改善海天背景下对中远距离上的舰船目标的检测效果,本文简要分析中远距离上红外目标的一些基本特性,海天背景的主要全局特征。简单回顾了基于海天线特征的海上目标的检测方法,指出海天线特征对于中远距离目标检测所带来的不容忽视的不利影响。在此基础上围绕形态学重建构建了一种背景估计方法,实现对海天线特征的有效抑制,并取得良好的检测效果。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.