点源红外诱饵干扰下环境复杂度量化建模

为了测定红外空空导弹自身抗干扰性能,需要对红外对抗环境进行定量评估。但是目前多数模型都是从终端脱靶量分析导弹抗干扰性能,无法反映导弹在被干扰过程中各模块的响应情况。为此,基于干扰过程中导弹导引头系统和制导控制系统角度提出了红外对抗环境量化建模方法。首先从场景构成和物理特性方面构建了红外对抗要素模型;其次,分析了对抗要素对导引头图像识别及制导控制系统的干扰影响,抽象出相似度、遮蔽度、干扰时机、目标机动以及进入角影响度指标;最后,运用并联关系模型、几何均值合成模型及加权求和模型综合上述指标,建立了总体环境复杂度量化模型。仿真结果表明:典型对抗场景下,该模型预测导弹命中率的误差在±6%区间的概率为95%。     

脉冲调制式红外空空导弹仿真

红外空空导弹仿真是空战效能评估的重点和难点。根据红外空空导弹的识别、制导、运动机理,建立了导弹模型,同时也建立了诱饵模型,对红外空空导弹进行仿真和抗干扰分析。该导弹模型主要由导引头制导方程组、导弹运动方程组、抗干扰方法等组成。根据建立的导弹模型仿真出了导弹的攻击区、导弹和靶机运动轨迹以及导弹的抗干扰性能,通过与真实导弹进行对比表明,仿真的红外空空导弹与真实的导弹性能指标基本吻合。     

导引头变跟踪点红外图像仿真建模研究

本文以第四代红外成像空空导弹制导半实物仿真过程中导引头对变跟踪点红外图像仿真的需求为研究目的,在分析变跟踪点红外图像仿真需求与传统的采用固定跟踪点红外仿真图像差异的基础上,采用了全新的基于导引头光轴指向的变跟踪点红外图像仿真建模方法.该建模方法利用导引头伺服跟踪平台的实时跟踪参数和仿真战情参数建立了完整的变跟踪点红外图像仿真模型,解决了以往采用固定跟踪点红外图像仿真方法所导致的弹道末端红外图像仿真的原理误差,可满足第四代红外成像空空导弹导引头半实物仿真中红外目标和红外干扰弹图像变跟踪点的仿真需求.     

红外诱饵对成像制导导弹影响规律研究

在复杂对抗环境下,目标通过投放红外诱饵干扰红外成像导引头的识别与跟踪,从而影响导弹的精确制导,通过对不同影响因素的分析,揭示红外诱饵对成像导弹的作用机理,总结红外诱饵对导弹制导导引的影响规律。首先建立了红外诱饵、目标及导弹制导的链路仿真模型,在分析总结红外诱饵的主要影响因素基础上,分别评估了红外诱饵的投放距离、导引头图像目标识别时间及多颗诱饵弹投放间隔等因素对导弹制导导引的影响,给出了各因素对制导系统及导引系统影响的仿真结果,总结分析红外诱饵对红外成像导弹的影响机理及影响规律。     

制导武器效能评估试验设计方法综述与应用探讨

评估红外空空导弹抗干扰能力强弱的传统指标较为单一,多是利用综合抗干扰概率进行判定。针对该问题,建立了包含导弹总体、制导系统、导引头3个层次的抗干扰性能评估指标体系,实现抗干扰性能评估指标的分解,提高了对制导系统和导引头抗干扰性能的评估能力,提升了利用导引头、制导系统评估结果对导弹总体抗干扰性能进行预估的能力。     

红外空空导弹抗干扰性能评估指标体系研究

评估红外空空导弹抗干扰能力强弱的传统指标较为单一,多是利用综合抗干扰概率进行判定。针对该问题,建立了包含导弹总体、制导系统、导引头3个层次的抗干扰性能评估指标体系,实现抗干扰性能评估指标的分解,提高了对制导系统和导引头抗干扰性能的评估能力,提升了利用导引头、制导系统评估结果对导弹总体抗干扰性能进行预估的能力。     

基于空战评估的红外空空导弹功能仿真

红外空空导弹是最有效的近距空战杀伤武器,但其工作机理复杂,干扰环境多变,仿真出来的导弹很难与真实导弹的性能相符.为了简化仿真过程、提高仿真结果确性,摒弃复杂的物理仿真从导弹的功能仿真切入,注重导弹的识别、导引、控制、运动过程.首先建立基于三自由度的导弹数学模型,简化导弹运动方程;其次将抗干扰方法分类,分析导引头进入抗干扰状态和没进入抗干扰状态抗干扰的不同机理;最后建立以导弹、诱饵、飞机为主体的仿真平台,以脱靶量、导弹轨迹、抗干扰概率做为仿真结果的评价.仿真结果表明,仿真的红外空空导弹模型简单、易于实现、抗干扰结果与真实导弹接近,能够满足空战评估的基本要求.     

红外成像导引头闭环注入式仿真试验可行性分析

针对红外成像导引头复杂战场环境适应性测试,提出了一种采用数字图像注入式的闭环半实物仿真试验方法,并分析了闭环注入式仿真试验系统的组成及工作原理。由于仿真测试时红外成像导引头的传感器被图像仿真计算机和图像注入接口设备取代,导致数字图像生成及脱靶量计算环节存在延迟和误差,使伺服控制系统的性能与实际工作情况可能不一致,从而影响仿真试验结果精度和置信度,因此,在建立导引头伺服控制系统模型的基础上,研究了仿真时间延迟、脱靶量误差对伺服控制系统的影响。研究结果表明:由于脱靶量误差对跟踪精度的影响仅为1.33%,如果将时间延迟控制在56.5 ms之内,开展闭环注入式仿真试验是可行的,该结果可为下一步开展红外成像导引头闭环注入式仿真试验提供理论支持。     

雷达/红外复合导引头抗干扰指标体系研究

雷达/红外复合导引头抗干扰能力评估对精确制导武器的发展具有重大推动作用。通过分析复合导引头的工作原理,抗干扰效能评估准则以及指标体系构建原则,系统构建了雷达/红外复合导引头抗干扰指标体系,并对指标因子进行了建模分析。     

红外成像导引头闭环注入式仿真试验系统设计及一致性分析

闭环注入式仿真是开展红外成像制导武器对抗及其复杂环境适应性试验的一种有效手段,它在传感器被图像仿真计算机和图像注入接口设备取代的情况下,采集导引头的框架角数据,实时仿真生成红外数字图像,并通过注入接口设备直接注入到导引头信息处理电路中进行试验。分析了闭环注入式仿真试验的工作原理,设计了仿真试验系统的软硬件平台、工作时序,理论计算了仿真试验系统产生的失调角延时和失调角误差,并利用搭建的仿真试验与导引头实际工作一致性分析平台,分析了因失调角延时和失调角误差导致导引头输出的偏航、俯仰角速度误差和制导精度误差。仿真结果表明:仿真试验与导引头实际工作条件是一致性的,设计的仿真试验系统较为科学合理,该结论可为开展红外成像导引头闭环注入式仿真试验提供理论支撑。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks