非对称GNRD波导耦合特性的计算

本文将两种尺寸不同的波导相互耦合可实现宽带耦合器的原理用于GNRD波导定向耦合器的设计。根据对非对称GNRD波导耦合特性的理论分析,定性讨论了各种非对称情况对耦合特性的影响;并设计了3dB GNRD波导非对称定向耦合器。计算结果表明其在8mm波段,耦合频带比原对称时的明显平坦。     

玻璃基离子交换型宽带22 3dB耦合器研究

为满足2N光功率分配器的制作和应用的需求,对宽带集成化22 3dB耦合器进行了深入的理论和实验研究。采用3-D光束传播法,对传统的非对称X结进行了模拟改进,设计了低损耗且具有较宽工作带宽的22 3dB耦合器。采用Ag+-Na+离子交换技术在玻璃基上成功制作了非对称X结结构的宽带22 3dB耦合器。通过对1260nm~1360nm和1460nm~1600nm两个波段宽带光源的光谱测试,得到在宽带范围内小于4.0dB的插入损耗,光谱谱线相对平坦,波长依赖性较小,均匀性小于0.5dB。结果表明,采用这种非对称X结并结合离子交换工艺,可以在玻璃基上制作出宽带的22 3dB耦合器,这为进一步优化器件性能,研制成功具有应用价值的器件奠定了基础。     

GaAs非对称波导形耦合器研究

在(100)GaAs同质结外延衬底上(波导层厚3μm,杂质浓度n~-≈10~(15)/cm~3)研制了非对称波导X交叉型3dB耦合器,对称波导条宽6μm,分叉角0.8°;非对称波导宽臂条宽6.5μm,窄臂条宽5.5μm。分叉角0.4°,波导脊高1μm。实验结果证明,该器件具有良好的3dB耦合特性,并获得15dB的消光比,可以成为集成光学的基础元件之一,在研制2×2集成光学器件方面有广泛地应用前景。     

宽频带槽波导定向耦合器的分析与设计

用微波网络方法讨论了宽频带槽波导定向耦合器的分析和设计问题.使用部分介质填充非对称双槽波导的横向等效网络,编制了相应求解程序.计算表明,本文设计的两种3mm波段耦合器的相对带宽都在24%以上,是常规的对称双槽波导耦合器带宽的5倍,而它们的长度却比文献中已有的设计都大为缩短.     

非对称十字孔双脊波导定向耦合器的设计

借鉴波导定向耦合器的设计原理,采用双脊波导的形式（本文采用标准双脊波导WRD650型号）设计大功率宽频带定向耦合器。由于双脊波导相比于矩形波导,最低模式的截止频率更低,单模工作的频带更宽,特性阻抗更低,所以采用双脊波导的形式比矩形波导在带宽方面更有优势。波导耦合器耦合方式有很多种,最常用的有小孔耦合和缝隙耦合,本文采用非对称十字孔耦合的方式,并与等孔径分布和切比雪夫分布的圆孔耦合比较来确定非对称十字孔耦合方式,在耦合平坦度、方向性方面有更好的改进。利用电磁仿真软件进行仿真对比其结果,通过一些具体措施改善双脊波导定向耦合器的性能,使定向耦合器的各种设计指标达到要求。     

SOI热光调制器

设计和制作了多模干涉马赫曾德型热光调制器.通过合理选择SOI光波导的埋层和包层的厚度,使制作出的调制器有良好的综合性能.调制器调制深度为91%,功耗为0.35W,调制速度约为27μs.减小多模干涉耦合器的设计误差和提高刻蚀均匀性可以改善调制器的性能.     

非对称全内反射型SOI波导开关器件模型分析

根据有效折射率法和光束传播法分析了大截面单模ＳＯＩ脊形Ｘ型交叉波导的传输特性．指出交叉角在１．５～２°内，因导波模式引起耦合作用而导致的串音小于－２５ｄＢ；采用波动光学原理分析了非对称全内反射开关导模的传输和反射特性；讨论了等离子体色散效应，Ｐｎ结大注入效应以及Ｇｏｏｓ－Ｈａｎｃｈｅｎ位移，并分析了非对称全内反射型ＳＯＩ光波导开关的电学性质．据此优化设计了该器件的结构参数和电学参数．     

基于二氧化硅平面光波导的强度均衡的光脉冲对的产生

提出了一种基于平面光波导工艺的带有可调定向耦合器的非对称MZI结构.模拟结果显示,当定向耦合器的两个耦合臂的折射率独立改变时,定向耦合器的调制效果较好;当调制电极与耦合区的波导间距为0时,两个耦合臂的温度差达到最大.测试得到,AMZI的插入损耗为2.05 dB,延迟时间为151.4 ps,脉冲对的功率比近似为1.该器件有助于提高集成QKD器件的性能.     

不同分束比熔锥型光纤宽带耦合器特性研究

在弱导和弱耦合近似下，对熔锥型非对称耦合器进行了理论计算与分析，理论分析表明：这种非对称耦合器具有波长响应平坦的特性，而且非对称程度的大小直接影响耦合器输出功率的分配(即分束比)；通过在拉锥过程中控制组合波导的不同直径比，可以得到不同分束比的宽带耦合器．对分束比为50％的耦合器进行了性能测试，实验结果与理论分析相吻合．     

基于二氧化硅平面光波导的强度均衡的光脉冲对的产生（英文）

提出了一种基于平面光波导工艺的带有可调定向耦合器的非对称MZI结构.模拟结果显示,当定向耦合器的两个耦合臂的折射率独立改变时,定向耦合器的调制效果较好;当调制电极与耦合区的波导间距为0时,两个耦合臂的温度差达到最大.测试得到,AMZI的插入损耗为2.05 dB,延迟时间为151.4 ps,脉冲对的功率比近似为1.该器件有助于提高集成QKD器件的性能.     

Design of the low-loss waveguide coil for interferometric integrated optic gyroscopes

With the development of manufacturing technology, the propagation loss of the planar waveguide is getting lower and lower, and the shot-noise-limited sensitivity of an IIOG will be greatly improved. When the propagation loss is getting lower, improper coupling-out waveguide in the waveguide coil may lead to non-ignorable bending loss and crosstalk because of the small radius of curvature and X-junction. In this paper, different coupling-out waveguides have been designed. After calculation and optimization by the beam propagation method, we found the proper coupling-out waveguide having relatively low propagation loss, which can improve the sensitivity of the IIOG.     

低串扰载流子注入型光开关的设计

针对载流子注入马赫-曾德尔干涉型光开关,提出使用输出比可调的3dB耦合器,补偿相移臂上通过载流子注入实现π相位调制所产生的吸收损耗,从而降低光开关的串扰。使用传输矩阵方法计算分析了载流子注入所伴随的吸收损耗对光开关串扰的影响,同时计算了可调3dB耦合器对光开关串扰性能的改进。计算结果表明,可调3dB耦合器的引入可以有效补偿相移臂的吸收损耗,对改善光开关的串扰性能有着明显的作用。     

2×2多模干涉光开关的设计与制作

以多模干涉耦合器为主体,通过载流子注入效应所引起的折射率改变来调整二重像之间的相位差,当折射率下降所引起的相位改变达到π相位时完成开关功能。在AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs外延材料上,利用两步湿法腐蚀工艺,实际制作了2×2光开关并进行了测试。测试结果表明,工作在1.55μm波段,当注入电流达到160mA时,完成了开关功能。     

Wavelength-Insensitive Integrated-Optic Circuit Consisting of Asymmetric X-Junction Couplers for Recognition of BPSK Labels

We have proposed a label recognition integrated-optic circuits for photonic label switching using self-routing of the label pulses. Binary phase shift keying (BPSK) format is considered as the label. An identifying bit is placed ahead of the address bits in the label. The label recognition system consists of a tree-structure connection of asymmetric X-junction couplers. The system uses self-routing propagation of the identification bit controlled by the address bits. Asymmetric X-junction couplers have a feature of small dependence on wavelength. However, the wavelength dependence of optical circuits consisting of multiple asymmetric X-junction couplers depends strongly on its architecture. In this paper, we propose a wavelength insensitive architecture of the recognition circuit. The wavelength independence in the improved circuit is confirmed using finite-difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM). We numerically demonstrate that our proposed system can recognize all the binary-code labels in wavelength range of 1500–1600 nm with crosstalk less than ${-}25$ dB and ${-}15$ dB for label length three and four, respectively.      

Performance of field-induced directional coupler switches

Switching in a GaAs field-induced, three-waveguide straight directional coupler is studied theoretically. This device can be tuned externally by changing the voltage across the waveguides. Because of this tunability, the device has some very attractive features as a switching element. The performance change due to variations in the device parameters such as length, waveguide separation, waveguide width, and wavelength of operation is numerically computed. The effect of material absorption, input and output coupling, and asymmetric excitation are included in the performance evaluation. For a device length of 1400 μm, a crosstalk of -34 dB and a power transfer efficiency of -2 dB is predicted, while for the same device size a two-guide directional coupler is predicted a crosstalk of -13.4 dB. The device has a 400 nm voltage tunable bandwidth with a maximum crosstalk penalty of 3 dB     

A wide-angle X-junction polymeric thermooptic digital switch with low crosstalk

We present our recent design of a wide-angle asymmetric X-junction for the implementation of a digital-optical switch. The simulated crosstalk in the OFF and ON states are -28 and -26 dB, respectively, at an X-branching angle of 1/spl deg/. Polymeric material benzocyclobutene was used to fabricate our design and its switching property was demonstrated using the thermooptic effect. The measured crosstalk is approximately -24 dB in both states with rise-time and fall-time 140 and 210 /spl mu/s, respectively.     

A wide-angle X-junction in polymer using truncated-structuralbranches (TSB)

We present a detailed design and characterization for a compact X-junction we proposed recently. Even at a wide full-branching angle of 1.4°, simulation predicts the crosstalk and insertion loss to be -20.1 and 0.2 dB, respectively; the wavelength bandwidth is 230 nm (1390-1620 nm). Devices made in polymer realize -16.1-dB crosstalk and 0.3-dB loss     

Hybrid polymer/silica vertical coupler switch with <-32 dBpolarisation-independent crosstalk

A modified hybrid polymer/silica 1×2 vertical coupler switch (VCS) with a polymer gap layer and a refractive index contrast of 0.008 has been designed, fabricated and characterised. The VCS exhibits low loss, low crosstalk, low switching power, and polarisation insensitivity. Using the 1×2 VCS as a building block, a 1×8 VCS matrix has been implemented     

Crosstalk measurements of integrated high-speedTi:LiNbO3 Δβ-reversal switching circuits

Directional coupler crosstalk was measured at multigigahertz frequencies using an optical sampling method for improved sensitivity. At both 2- and 4-GHz switching frequency, the crosstalk in both switch states of the coupler was ⩽-19 dB for an element of a 1×4 switch array intended for time-division-multiplexing applications. The authors also report measurements of intercoupler crosstalk for this switch array