NiCrBSiC合金大面积激光熔覆层性能研究

采用CO2激光器及LASERCELL-1005六轴六联动三维激光加工机床在40Cr钢上进行激光熔覆处理。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、电化学测试系统、磨料磨损试验机等设备对熔覆层组织、硬度、磨损、腐蚀性能进行研究。结果表明:大面积激光熔覆层主要由Cr23C6,Ni3B,(Fe,Ni),Ni等相组成。激光熔覆层的显微硬度值在420~1 320 HK之间。熔覆层的硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性与基体相比均有较大的提高;大面积激光熔覆层的显微硬度、耐磨性、耐蚀性均不及单道激光熔覆层;多层叠加熔覆层的耐蚀性能优于     

激光熔覆合金粉末的制粒方法

激光熔覆合金粉末的制粒方法宋武林，朱蓓蒂，吴新伟，崔昆，罗慧清（华中理工大学，武汉４３００７４）激光熔覆作为一种新颖而具有应用潜力的材料表面改性新工艺，已被人们所关注。激光熔覆的第一步是熔覆合金粉末的供给。据目前报导，供给方法有两种：一种是预置粉末法...     

镍基合金表面激光熔覆CoNiCrAlY合金的组织与性能

在镍基合金上激光熔覆CoNiCrAlY合金，制备了单层、多层试样和工件。利用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计和高温电炉，对熔覆层的组织、相结构、硬度及抗氧化性进行了测试和分析。结果表明：熔覆层的组成相有γ-Co，Ni2Y和Cr3Ni2Sic，熔覆层的氧化物为CoAl2O4，Al2O3，CoNiO2，NiCr2O4，CoCr2O4；单层熔覆层组织细小致密；由于预热的作用，搭接熔覆的组织较粗大；界面处的结晶方向垂直于界面，层问、两道之间搭接区、重熔区和多层熔覆的近表面组织有等轴化的倾向；熔覆层具有较高的硬度，加入稀土元素Y，可以增大氧化物的表面附着力、改善熔覆层的抗氧化性能；熔覆层在1100℃是抗氧化的。     

激光熔覆技术研究进展

综述了近几年激光熔覆技术的研究进展,包括了激光熔覆涂层材料、激光熔覆层组织、以及主要工艺参数对熔覆层的影响等,对激光熔覆涂层存在的主要问题进行了归纳总结。在此基础上指出了激光熔覆技术的主要发展方向。     

激光功率对激光熔覆FeCrBSi合金组织和性能的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在 45 钢表面制备了 FeCrBSi 熔覆层, 研究了激光功率对熔覆层组织和硬度的影响规律。 试验结果表明, 激光熔覆 FeCrBSi 熔覆层上部、 中部和下部的组织分别为等轴晶、 胞状晶和胞状树枝晶、 平面晶。 在扫描速率 8 mm/s, 送粉率 33 g/min, 光斑直径 3.19 mm, 激光功率 1800~3400 W 的条件下, 随着激光功率的增 加, 熔覆层不同位置的显微组织变粗; 熔覆层硬度先升高再降低; 熔覆层磨损体积先减少后增加; 熔覆层的自腐 蚀电位先升高后降低; 自腐蚀电流密度先降低后升高。 当激光功率为 2600 W 时, 熔覆层具有最高显微硬度 669 HV0.2, 熔覆层耐磨性最好, 磨损体积为基体 59.8 %, 同时熔覆层的耐蚀性最优, 自腐蚀电位为 -426.41 mV, 自 腐蚀电流密度为 0.45 μA/cm2。     

稀土对真空熔结镍基自熔性合金涂层组织结构的影响

采用真空熔结的方法在45^#钢母材上获得了稀土。NiCrBSi自熔性合金涂层，借助X射线衍射、SEM及EDX研究了涂层截面的微观组织、相结构及涂层与母材界面附近的组织特征，讨论了稀土的加入对涂层组织结构的影响。结果表明：真空熔结NiCrBSi合金涂层为M基固溶体和分布在固溶体上块状、球状和针状的CrB，NiaB，Cr3C3和Cr23C6等第二相组成，涂层与母材为良好的冶金结合。添加稀土元素的NiCrB-SiRE合金涂层消除了针状组织，析出了新的硼化物NiB和硅化物Or65Ni25Si，第二相得到了进一步的球化；RE还阻碍了M，Cr，Si等原子向母材的扩散和Fe原子向涂层的扩散，减轻了Fe原子对涂层的“稀释”作用，保证了涂层的化学组成。     

退火处理对激光熔覆制备FeCrMnCo1.5Ni高熵合金涂层组织的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在Inconel 718合金难体表面制备了FeCrMnCo1.5Ni高熵合金涂层,使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和UMT-3型摩擦磨损试验机研究了退火热处理对合金涂层组织和性能的影响.研究结果表明:经热处理后FeCrVlnCo1.5Ni合金涂层的宏观形貌无明显变化,退火热处理对合金的相结构无影响.合金元素均...     

激光熔覆工艺及熔覆材料进展

激光熔覆技术在目前材料表面改性技术中应用较广泛。本文概述了激光熔覆技术及工艺方法,介绍了激光熔覆材料分类及特点,并展望了激光熔覆技术的发展前景。     

激光熔覆高熵合金涂层组织结构及强化机理研究进展

激光熔覆作为一种绿色、高效的表面处理技术,能够快速制备组织致密、晶粒细小,与基体呈高强度冶金 结合的涂层,是近年来高熵合金领域的研究热点之一。概述了现有高熵合金涂层材料体系和制备方法,重点讨论 了激光熔覆CoCrFeNi-M 典型过渡族高熵合金涂层的组织结构,及其耐磨、耐蚀、抗高温氧化等性能,并归纳了 涂层的强化机制和方法。CoCrFeNi-M 系合金涂层主要呈现FCC 固溶体结构,综合力学性能普遍较好,通过合金 体系调控,在细晶强化、固溶强化、第二相强化等作用下,能够获得硬度、耐磨性、耐蚀性等性能的进一步提升。 同时,概述了激光熔覆难熔高熵合金涂层的组织结构,耐磨、耐蚀、抗高温氧化性能及性能强化机制,该体系合 金涂层主要呈现BCC 固溶体结构,硬度较高但室温韧性普遍不足,具有较好的高温强度,在高温领域具有较好 的应用前景,但抗高温氧化性能普遍不足,仍需通过合金体系优化进一步提升。此外,总结了基于激光熔覆技术 开展的高熵合金涂层制备及研究中存在的问题和不足,并展望了未来的发展方向。     

激光熔覆AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层的高温磨损性能

采用激光熔覆技术在42CrMo表面制备了Y掺杂AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层,研究了涂层组织成分与高温摩擦磨损性能。结果表明：AlCoCrFeNi涂层主要由BCC相和B2相组成,900 ℃下涂层耐磨性约为基体的3.7倍,平均摩擦因数相比基体降低约22%。     

Microstructure evolution and nonequilibrium phase diagram for Ni-Hf binary alloy produced by laser cladding

Synthesis of nonequilibrium Ni-Hf binary alloys were carried out using laser cladding technique. In this process mixed powder in the ratio of Ni-26 wt% Hf was delivered using a screw feeder into a melt pool of the substrate, generated by a high power continuous wave CO₂ laser beam. The microstructure of the claddings thus produced were investigated using optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis techniques. Due to the inherent rapid cooling rate associated with the process of laser cladding process, some nonequilibrium hereto unreported phases formed in the claddings. There is also an extension in the solid solubility of Hf in the terminal α phase as compared to the equilibrium Ni-Hf binary phase diagram. This paper investigates this solid solubility extension, the evolution of the microstructure in the claddings in the system and also characterizes the metastable phases formed in terms of crystal structure and microchemistry. A nonequilibrium phase diagram for Ni-Hf binary alloy is recommended based on the micro-chemistry and differential thermal analysis data.     

激光熔覆Fe基TiC涂层的组织与性能

采用激光熔覆方法在45#钢基体上制备含TiC质量分数为20%~50%的Fe基TiC复合涂层。分别用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X线衍射(XRD)、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损机对熔覆层的微观组织、物相、硬度及耐磨性进行研究。结果表明:当TiC质量分数为30%时,涂层组织致密,TiC颗粒分布均匀、部分溶解、尺寸减小;涂层主要是由α-Fe固溶体,Fe C,Fe B,B4C,B4Si,Cr5B3,Ti B以及未溶解的TiC等组成;当TiC质量分数为30%时,熔覆层平均维氏硬度为783.8,磨损率为45#钢基体的1/38。     

laser cladding of Ni-Al bronze on Al alloy AA333

The present study investigates the effects of laser-processing parameters, such as laser power, traverse speed, powder-feed rate, and flow rate and species of assisting gas, and material prop-erties, such as substrate surface condition, on laser cladding of Ni-Al bronze on Al alloy AA333. The proper processing parameters were determined experimentally and are discussed in terms of their effects on laser-clad quality and microstructure as observed using optical and scanning electron microscopes. Despite a large difference in melting points between the cladding material, Ni-AI bronze (MP = 1063 °C), and the substrate, Al-alloy AA333 (MP = 577 °C), clads of thickness from 1.2 to 2.5 mm that are crack-free and had good fusion were achieved. The substrate surface condition and the flow rate and species of assisting gas were found to be important for clad formation. A sandpaper-polished substrate absorbs less energy at the molten pool front and facilities reducing dilution. A large flow rate of assisting gas, such as helium, also has an effect on reducing dilution. A laser-generated molten-pool model was developed to explain the preceding experimental results. Y. LIU formerly Research Associate, Center for Laser Aided Materials Processing, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.     

In625镍基合金粉末激光熔覆参数研究

为了确定在ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo不锈钢板上激光熔覆In625镍基合金粉末的最佳生产工艺参数,采用响应曲面分析法设计并开展一系列的激光熔覆参数实验,并利用Desigh-Expert软件中Response Surface模块对最终数据进行方差定量分析。通过金相显微镜对多道搭接熔覆试样的表面形态和横截面组织进行了观察和定性分析,从而确定熔覆工艺的最佳参数组合。结果表明,在维持送粉量不变的条件下,熔覆层高度对激光功率与扫描速度的响应都比较明显;熔覆工艺的最佳参数组合为激光功率2000 W,送粉量84 g·min?1,扫描速度5 mm·s?1,在此参数下获得的熔覆试样具有高质量的熔覆层,无气孔和裂纹,且表面光滑。     

Microstructure and high-temperature properties of Fe-Ti-Cr-Mo-B-C-Y_2O_3 laser cladding coating

Fe-based composite coatings were fabricated on 5 CrNiMo die steel by laser beam melting a precursor mixture of ferrotitanium,ferrochromium,ferromolybdenum,B4 C and Y_2 O_3 powders.Micro structure and properties of the coatings were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive spectrometer(EDS),resistance furnace and high-temperature tribometer.The results show that(Ti,Mo)C particles with flower-like and(Ti,Mo)B_2 with block-like shapes are in situ formed during laser cladding.Volume faction of multiple ceramic particles increases with the increasing of Y_2 O_3.The cumulative oxidation mass of the coating with 2 wt% Y_2 O_3 is decreased by one-third than that of the coating without Y_2 O_3.The oxidation layer of the coating with Y_2 O_3 is getting smooth.Meanwhile,high temperature wear volume loss of the coating with 2 wt% Y_2 O_3 is about 40% that of the coating without Y_2 O_3.The coating with 2 wt% Y_2 O_3 shows a smoother wear scar and few flat grooves are observed after high temperature wear test.     

烧结熔覆钢表面镍基合金涂层的组织和性能

采用Ni25、Ni45、Ni60合金粉末通过烧结熔覆法在45钢表面制备出不同成分的镍基合金涂层。通过金相显微镜观察和X射线衍射分析等手段对合金涂层的组织形貌、相组成和界面结构进行研究,并对涂层显微硬度进行了测试。结果表明：通过烧结熔覆可以在45钢表面获得较为致密的镍基合金涂层。Ni25合金涂层组织主要为比较粗大的γ-(Ni, Fe)奥氏体以及少量的Cr₂₃C₆碳化物相;Ni45和Ni60合金涂层中除了γ-(Ni, Fe)奥氏体和Cr₂₃C₆碳化物之外,还出现了CrB硼化物。不同成分镍基合金涂层与45钢基体在界面处均形成了良好的冶金结合。当烧结温度1100℃、保温时间15 min时,涂层微观组织致密,硬质相颗粒尺寸较小,分布均匀。Ni60合金涂层的硬度最高,约为HV 735;Ni45合金涂层次之,约为HV 534;Ni25合金涂层硬度最低,只有HV 236。     

Study of dilution in laser cladding of a carbon steel substrate with Co alloy powders

High power diode laser with coaxial powder injection was used to deposit single tracks of cobalt alloy on to a carbon steel plate in order to study dilution. Two different methods to evaluate dilution are proposed and validated: dilution results to be proportional to the average percent or iron present in the clad. To study the correlations between dilution and processing parameters, clads were produced in different processing conditions. Dilution is correlated with the specific energy, and equation to estimate the average iron contamination of the clads was found. ‘Trial and error’ method was applied to improve this estimation. A statistically better prediction of the iron contamination is obtained when the combined parameter P^2.5/F⁴ is used. Dilution influences clad microstructure and thus hardness of the final coating, which decreases on increasing dilution. Phase distribution is also affected by dilution, Fe and C contamination stabilises α-fcc phase.     

等离子熔覆镍基合金的组织及其冲蚀磨损性能

为提高不锈钢材料的耐冲蚀磨损性能,以Ni46合金粉末为原料,采用等离子熔覆工艺在不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti基材上制备镍基合金涂层,分析了熔覆层的显微组织以及物相形貌和相结构等,测定了涂层的显微硬度.使用旋转圆盘实验机研究了Ni基等离子熔覆合金涂层在砂浆中的冲蚀行为.结果表明:材料的冲蚀磨损性能受到材料基本力学性能的限制,高硬度镍基涂层的抗冲蚀性能最好,在相同实验条件下其磨损率由小到大排列顺序为镍基涂层>0Cr13Ni5Mo>1Cr18Ni9Ti;镍合金层中奥氏体基体的固溶强化和硬质相有效抵御砂砾的冲击,是Ni基等离子熔覆合金层具有高抗冲蚀性能的主要原因.     

等离子熔覆Fe-Ni基合金导辊组织结构及失效分析

采用等离子熔覆技术将Fe-Ni基高温耐磨合金粉末熔覆到45^#圆钢上,制备了Fe-Ni基合金导辊.采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪研究了Fe-Ni基合金涂层的组织结构和Fe-Ni基合金导辊的表面失效情况.结果表明:Fe-Ni基高温耐磨涂层组织形态良好,由涂层与基体的结合界面处到涂层的上部其组织由平面晶向树枝晶转变;γ-(Fe,Ni)的含量在涂层中按底部—中部—上部的方向依次降低,而(Cr,Fe)₇C₃的分布正好相反;Fe-Ni基合金导辊的失效机制为热疲劳开裂和磨粒磨损.