纳米香精在棉织物上的应用研究

本文探讨了纳米玫瑰香精在棉织物上的加香整理工艺,并对加香棉织物的香气缓释性能作了初步评价.结果表明纳米香精在棉织物上的加香整理后效果较为理想,加香织物经50次洗涤后仍有大量的香精残留,香气质量无明显变化.     

纳米香精的性能研究

通过复凝聚法制备了以壳聚糖-三聚磷酸钠为壁材的纳米香精。并将其应用于宣纸加香。采用动态激光光散射仪和电子鼻对纳米香精的性能进行表征。结果表明：该纳米香精的乎均粒径为152nm,粒度分布系数为0．229。纳米香精经90℃加热及常温放置30天后．香气轮廓明显大于普通香精,说明其具有良好的热稳定性和缓释性。采用浸渍工艺将纳米香精用于宣纸加香的整理效果也较为理想,表明纳米香精在应用上也有着更好的热稳定性。     

耐温性牛奶香精的调配

耐温性牛奶香精是奶类香精中最常用的品种之一,主要用于饼干、蛋糕、糖果等食品加香中。本文通过对牛奶香精配方架构进行调整,来阐述耐温性牛奶香精的调配。     

甜橙微乳化香精制备研究

采用微乳化技术制备了透明的甜橙微乳化香精。对不同表面活性剂的复配在微乳化香精中的应用效果进行了研究,考察了不同助表面活性剂对透明微乳化香精的影响,确定了该微乳体系所能增溶的香精含量,并对制备的透明微乳化香精进行了稳定性考察。结果表明当采用吐温-80与十聚甘油单油酸酯、蔗糖酯-11为复配表面活性剂,丙二醇为助表面活性剂,香基质量分数为24％时能够制备透明、稳定的微乳化香精,其平均粒径为14．6 nm,加入水中时具有很高的透明度,适用于透明饮料的加香应用。所制备的透明微乳化香精具有良好的低温、高温稳定性,该甜橙微乳化香精生产设备投资小、工艺简单,便于扩大化生产。     

一个不容忽视的领域——饲料香料香精

本文论述了饲料加香的必要性 ,介绍了饲料香料香精的研究概况、研究方法和饲料香料香精的种类。     

香精香料知识问答(二十六)

<正>问:怎样正确地在化妆品中加香?答:在化妆品中加香除了选择香型之外,还要注意使用的香精对加香产品质量及实用效果有无影响。例如:对白色膏霜、奶液之类必须注意香精色泽对加香产品的影响;唇膏、牙膏产品应考虑有无毒性;若直接在皮肤上涂敷的化妆品不能使用对皮肤有刺激的香精。     

中国香文化背景下化妆品的加香趋势分析

从中国香文化历史入手,分析在此背景下人们对加香产品的偏好,重点阐述了我国化妆品的加香趋势即香型主要朝植物草本方向发展,添加功效性精油原料和对纯天然和无过敏原的香精需求大增。     

卷烟表香纳米香精微胶囊的制备及其在卷烟中的应用

采用复凝聚法以壳聚糖为壁材，表香香精为芯材制备纳米微胶囊。对其物理化学性质进行表征，将其应用到卷烟当中。利用吸烟机和GC-MS分析加香前后卷烟主流烟气粒相物中烯、酸、酯、醇、酮、酚以及醛类物质的差异，最后通过感官评吸试验考察纳米香精微胶囊在卷烟中的应用效果。结果表明：（1）表香纳米香精微胶囊的粒径为712nm，包埋率为43.09%;(2)红外光谱表明香精被成功包埋在壁材当中；（3）热重曲线表明表香纳米香精微胶囊具有较好的热稳定性；（4）表香纳米香精微胶囊用于卷烟加香，能改善吸味，调和烟香，从而提升卷烟的吸食品质。综上，采用复凝聚法制备的表香纳米香精微胶囊，具有较好的稳定性，应用于卷烟中可提升卷烟品质。     

烟用香精的全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱定性分析

针对在一维色谱上分离峰太少或色谱图中有明显重叠峰的烟用香精,采用全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱（GC×GC-TOFMS）对烟用香精进行了定性分析,优化分析条件,并与一维色谱分析结果进行比较。最后,比较了不同分析结果所得化学成分和品吸结果之间的对应关系。结果表明,GC×GC-TOFMS比一维气相色谱/质谱（GC/MS）具有更强的分离能力,可定性的组分明显多于一维GC/MS,并且更符合该香精的评吸结果。这种分析方法有利于更全面地认识香精的化学成分,更准确地认识香精的组成与功能之间的关系。为增强加香配方研究的科学性、提高调香工作的效率提供有力的支持。     

铃兰花香型的调配及其在调香和日化产品中的应用

分析铃兰香气韵调,研究铃兰香精配方的构成,介绍铃兰香精在日用品加香上的应用,特别指出铃兰香韵在日用香精调配中的重要性。     

Combustion characteristics of candles made from hydrogenated soybean oil

Hydrogenated soybean oil, referred to as soywax by candle makers, is a renewable and biodegradable alternative to paraffin wax in candle manufacturing. Soywax was investigated for its tendency to produce soot as well as potentially harmful organic volatiles (acrolein, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde) during combustion. Beeswax and paraffin candles were used as references. A considerable amount of soot was produced from the combustion of paraffin candles, but little or none was observed from soywax candles. Compared to paraffin candles, soywax candles burned at a significantly slower rate and required less air. Small amounts of formaldehyde were detected and quantified in the fumes of burning paraffin candles. However, formaldehyde, peaks found in the chromatograms of soy- and beeswax candles were similar to or slightly higher than that of the blank. Since soywax candles exhibited burning properties similar to those of beeswax candles, soywax shows promise in candle applications.     

Hydrogenated vegetable oils as candle wax

Partially hydrogenated soybean oil, referred to as soywax, is gaining attention as a renewable and biodegradable alternative to paraffin wax for use in candles. However, current soywax candles suffer from several problems, especially poor melting and solidification properties. Fully hydrogenated soybean oil exhibits improved melting properties but owing to its fragile texture, it is not yet acceptable in most candle applications. In the present work, KLX^TM (a wax composed of fractionated hydrogenated soy and cottonseed oils) was used as a base material for candles, and the effects of additives such as hydrogenated palm oil (HPO), FFA, and paraffin on the textural and combustion properties were evaluated. Melting and solidification profiles of KLX were better than those of fully hydrogenated soy oil. Adding FFA improved the solidification properties of KLX candles. Adding paraffin improved the compressibility of the wax, while HPO addition decreased hardness and compressibility. Changing the candle diameter and/or wick size along with changing the wax composition resulted in candles with desirable quality attributes.     

Corrosion of alumina and mullite hot gas filter candles in gasification environment

Reliable fuel gas cleaning is required to meet environmental regulations as well as to prevent corrosion and erosion of downstream components. The aggressive process environment in biomass-gasification power generation systems or in biofuels production systems causes corrosion in the ceramic hot gas filter candles used to clean the fuel gas. Therefore, in order to improve the reliability and durability of filters, the influence of steam, ash, hydrogen sulfide, and alkaline metals on the corrosion processes was studied for alumina and mullite filter candles fabricated by Pall Schumacher. Exposure to these contaminants effects the chemical composition of the binder phases resulting in exchange of alkaline metals and alkaline earth metals. Analyses by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy demonstrate the negative effect of silicon containing binder phases. These effects are discussed and it is shown that the usage of silicon-free binder phases in hot gas filter candles for gasification processes is promising.     

蜡制品着色（一）

该文阐述了蜡制品（蜡烛）着色的染料与颜料及其着色原理,推荐出一些适用的配方,尤其是开发荧光蜡烛色粉和蜡烛增白剂,实例说明了制作柱状蜡烛、容器灌装蜡烛的方法。     

Effect of glass reinforcement on burning rates of poly(methyl methacrylate) composite candles

Burning rates of glass-reinforced poly(methyl methacrylate) candles were measured under limiting conditions using an oxygen index apparatus modified to allow weighing of the candle as it burns. The limiting oxygen index was found to increase slightly with increasing concentration of glass in the candle for all samples tested. Burning rates were found to be a function of both glass concentration and orientation with respect to the propagating flame front. The burning rates of candles constructed from randomly oriented glass mats were found to increase with mat concentration by a factor of nearly 3 as mat content was increased to 70% by volume. The burning rates of candles constructed with unidirectionally oriented fibers, parallel to the flame propagation direction, were found to decrease by a factor of 2 as the glass concentration increased to 40% by volume. Erratic burning rates were observed for candles constructed with oriented fibers perpendicular to the flame propagation direction. These results are correlated by extension of existing thermally thin flame spread theories through consideration of composite solid-state energetics and the relative tendencies of the glass reinforcements to act as wicks for supplying the flame with degraded polymer liquid.     

蜡制品着色（二）

该文阐述了蜡制品（蜡烛）着色的染料与颜料及其着色原理,推荐出一些适用的配方,尤其是开发荧光蜡烛色粉和蜡烛增白剂,实例说明了制作柱状蜡烛、容器灌装蜡烛的方法。     

蜡制品着色（三）

该文阐述了蜡制品（蜡烛）着色的染料与颜料及其着色原理,推荐出一些适用的配方,尤其是开发荧光蜡烛色粉和蜡烛增白剂,实例说明了制作柱状蜡烛、容器灌装蜡烛的方法。     

Waxes in the candle industry

Summary 1. The waxes in use for candles consist of paraffin and, in special cases, of beeswax. 2. Stearic acid is the only known hardening agent for paraffin. It raises the bending (softening) point and lowers the melting point. It can be used in any quantity without impairing the burning quality of the candle. 3. No other wax, natural or synthetic, can be substituted for stearic acid as a hardening agent for candle stock. Other waxes generally injure the burning quality of the candle or fail to produce any improvement, being at the same time more expensive than stearic acid. 4. The hydrogenated oils and fats serve as hardening agents for paraffin, especially for scale paraffin wax, and are used chiefly for candles which are consumed in glasses. 5. Synthetic or natural resins can be used in form of coatings only and are used chiefly for decorative candles. 6. No known synthetic hardening agent for candle wax can be satis-factorily substituted for stearic acid, even in such a mixture as 95% paraffin (MP 135°) and 5% stearic acid.     

Corrosion of silicon carbide hot gas filter candles in gasification environment

Reliable cleaning of the fuel gas is required to meet the environmental regulations and to prevent corrosion and erosion of downstream components. The aggressive process environment in biomass-gasification power generation systems or in biofuels production systems can cause corrosion in ceramic hot gas filter candles used to clean the fuel gas. Therefore, to improve the reliability and durability of filters, the influence of steam, ash, and alkaline (earth) metals on the corrosion processes was studied for silicon carbide filter candles fabricated by Pall Schumacher. Exposures with biomass and lignite ashes caused a macroscopically expansion as well as microstructural effects that were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. All effects are discussed and it is shown that the employment of silicon carbide filter candles in water vapour containing, alkali-rich gasification environment at high temperature is problematic.     

净水器陶瓷滤芯研制

介绍了一种采用注浆成型工艺生产水净化用陶瓷滤芯的制备工艺方法。