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文中提出运用相似理论研究导轨爬行问题,通过量纲分析法导出了表征爬行现象的相似准则方程,并通过实例对准则关系曲线进行了验证和推广。 相似文献
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模型试验在机床运动平稳性分析中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
摩擦自激振动微分方程因其非线性不能求解 ,故文中提出运用模型试验和相似理论分析机床的低速运动平稳性 ,导出了表征导轨爬行现象的相似准则关系曲线 ,并通过实例对其进行了验证和推广。 相似文献
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气缸爬行现象的建模与仿真 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
气缸低速运动时会出现时走时停或时快时慢的“爬行”现象。文章阐述了气缸产生爬行的原因,分析了爬行现象的机理,建立了气缸爬行现象的数学模型。用MATLAB6.5对气缸爬行现象的数学模型进行了动态特性仿真,通过理论分析和仿真计算,分析了导致气缸产生爬行现象的影响因素。 相似文献
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根据流体动力学原理,从研究满足水射流泵中流体的流体动力学相似条件入手,利用数学分析的方法,研究射流各参数之间的关系,找出射流泵几何相似,运动相似及动力相似的条件及应遵循的准则数,再根据所具有的单值条件,找出泵特有的相似准则数,最后确定出水射流泵满足原、模型相似所应遵循的全部相似准则数。 相似文献
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环瓣式石墨密封因其泄漏通道尺寸微小,导致其建模、网格划分以及计算困难。基于相似原理方法建立环瓣式石墨密封泄漏通道求解模型,采用方程分析法推导环瓣式石墨密封泄漏通道内流体流动相似准则,获得遵循几何相似和力学相似的映射模型,并采用建立的泄漏通道映射模型分析环瓣式石墨密封的泄漏流动特性,并与实际模型计算结果进行比较。研究结果表明:泄漏通道内气体流动相似性可综合采用弗劳德、欧拉、雷诺相似准则表征;映射前后模型相同结构位置处流体压力、速度分布具有较好的一致性。通过映射模型求解的泄漏量与实际模型求解的泄漏量相对误差在误差允许范围内,验证了推导的泄漏通道流体流动相似准则和映射方法的可靠性,为研究环瓣式石墨密封微小泄漏通道泄漏流动特性提供新方法。 相似文献
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相似方法在注射成型实验研究中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用相似方法,由聚合物熔体充填流动基本方程,推导出了相应的相似准则,并建立了聚合物熔体充填流动过程中温度场及压力场的准则关系式,为注射成型的实验研究及实验结果的推广提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Aiming at providing with high-load capability in active vibration control of large-scale rotor system, a new type of active actuator to simultaneously reduce the dangers of low frequency flexural and torsional vibrations is designed. The actuator employs electro-hydraulic system and can provide a high and circumferential load. To initialize new research, the characteristics of various kinds of active actuators to control rotor shaft vibration are briefly introduced. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the preliminary results via presenting the structure, functions and operating principles, in particular, the working process of the electro-hydraulic system of the new actuator which includes a set of high speed electromagnetic valves and a series of sloping cone-shaped openings, and presenting the transmission relationships among the control parameters from control signals into the valves to active load onto shaft. The course of the work is dynamic, and a series of spatial forces and moments are put on the shaft to get an external resultant force to reduce excitations that induce vibration of shafts. By checking states of vibration, the actuator can control the impulse width and the interval of injection time for applying different control force to a vibration shaft in two circumference directions through the regulating action of a set of combination directional control valves. The results from simulating analysis and experiment show evidence of that this design can satisfy the case of active process of decreasing of flexural and torsional vibrations. 相似文献
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Cadmium, zinc, selenium, and copper were administered, singly or in combination, orally or subcutaneously. Experiment I included 32 calves of both sexes; six received Cd (two groups), Zn, Cd, and Zn, and Cd and Se (two groups) and one group was a control. In Experiment II (21 bulls), three were given Cd, Cd, and Cu, and Cd and Zn, respectively, and one group was a control. For light microscopy, in Experiment I the highest amounts of silver granules were present in the samples of liver, small intestine, and vesicular gland of all the exposed groups; in Experiment II the most affected organs were liver, kidney, and small intestine. For electron microscopy, in Experiment I, after administration of Cd and Zn, the highest amounts of granules were seen in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules and the lowest amounts were found in glandular cells of the pancreas. Administration of Cd and Se resulted in the presence of large numbers of granules in the nuclei and nucleoli of spermatogonies. In Experiment II, ingestion of Cd and Zn in feed led to the appearance of highest amounts of granules in the nucleoli, nuclei, and cytoplasm of cells in testes, kidneys, and pancreas. Following Cd intake, the highest accumulation of granules was observed in the nucleoli of hepatocytes and cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules. Combined Cd and Cu produced the highest number of granules in cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules and in the nucleoli and nuclei of germinal epithelium. 相似文献
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以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可. 相似文献
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软体足式机器人驱动、建模与仿真研究综述 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
软体足式机器人因其优越的移动性能及面对复杂地形的通过能力受到越来越多研究者的关注。由于受到材料性质、驱动方法及制造工艺等多方面的限制,如何实现软体足式机器人的创新结构设计,提升软体机器人的运动速度和负载能力是目前亟待解决的问题之一。综述从仿生结构与驱动方法的角度对目前软体足式机器人的研究发展进行了系统阐述。由于软体机器人多为连续变形结构,加之软材料的物理非线性和软结构变形的几何非线性,力学建模与仿真一直是软体机器人研究领域的瓶颈。梳理了目前软体机器人的主要建模理论,总结了软体机械臂的建模与控制方法,进一步将其拓展到软体足式机器人的系统建模中。介绍了传统商业软件的应用与物理仿真引擎开发的进展,分析了软体机器人虚拟仿真的主要方法,展望了软体足式机器人的应用场景与未来研究方向。 相似文献
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缩口扩口复合成型工艺研究与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对铁路车辆罐车零件锥管缩口、扩口的成型特点,用冲压成型缩口、扩口的力学分析及变形原理进行工艺计算与研究,找出该零件废品率高的原因。通过改进工艺毛坯(钢管)的外径与壁厚尺寸,用冲压成型缩口、扩口工艺理论及图表进行论证分析,并进行试制,取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
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The role of mass spectrometry to probe characteristics of the influenza virus, and vaccine and antiviral drugs that target the virus, are reviewed. Genetic and proteomic approaches have been applied which incorporate high resolution mass spectrometry and mass mapping to genotype the virus and establish its evolution in terms of the primary structure of the surface protein antigens. A mass spectrometric immunoassay has been developed and applied to assess the structure and antigenicity of the virus in terms of the hemagglutinin antigen. The quantitation of the hemagglutinin antigen in vaccine preparations has also been conducted that is of importance to their efficacy. Finally, the characterization and quantitation of antiviral drugs against the virus, and their metabolites, have been monitored in blood, serum, and urine. The combined approaches demonstrate the strengths of modern mass spectrometric methods for the characterization of this killer virus. [This article was published online 10 September 2008. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected 7 November 2008.] 相似文献
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为了进一步探索和研究气浮静压润滑支承机理及气浮静压导轨承载性能,提出并研制了一种具有气浮静压润滑支承的精密二维运动平台。结合气浮静压导轨的物理模型建立了其笛卡儿坐标系下的控制方程,采用有限差分方法和流量平衡原理对其控制方程进行了离散差分推导,运用超松弛迭代以及二分快速寻找收敛区间法对其承载性能进行数值计算并开展了实验研究。结果表明:气浮静压导轨承载性能受节流器类型的影响比较显著,多节流孔节流器的承载性能明显优于单节流孔节流器;供气压力对气浮静压导轨承载性能影响显著,供气压力越高其承载性能越强;同等条件下气浮静压导轨组合形式承载性能均优于单独形式承载性能;气浮静压导轨的承载性能实验测试结果和数值计算结果具有较好的一致性,验证了数值计算的有效性。相关研究对推动和促进气浮静压轴承和导轨在精密运动机构和测量设备的研究和工程应用具有较好的借鉴和指导意义。 相似文献
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针对高方平筛和其上固结的柔性吊杆组成的动力学系统,进行了刚柔耦合的动力学建模和振动模态分析。将筛体—偏重块系统和吊杆分别作为刚体和弹性的可变形体,建立了筛体稳态圆振动方程和吊杆悬臂梁力学模型,总结出系统固有频率的计算方法。在此基础上,采用有限元方法对系统进行了模态计算和动力学响应分析。结果表明,理论模型能够很好地反映筛体与吊杆之间的动力学耦合关系;以理论分析为基础的载荷和边界条件的设置,使有限元仿真结果较准确地模拟了系统实际的振动特性。 相似文献
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覆膜铁是金属包装领域的新型复合材料。成品覆膜铁的界面结合强度和水透性取决于覆膜过程中高聚物薄膜熔融层的厚度和流动铺展行为。但覆膜过程复杂而迅速,且受钢板表面微观形貌影响,熔融层膜厚及其流动铺展行为难以精细调控。针对此,基于分形理论表征与重构基板带钢表面微观形貌;基于广义Maxwell模型试验建立聚合物膜的黏弹性本构关系;建立了考虑基板带钢表面微观形貌的覆膜过程有限元仿真模型,并试验验证了模型的准确性。研究表明,熔融层膜厚主要受基板带钢初始预热温度影响,界面填充率则主要受覆膜辊压力影响。高聚物膜熔融层厚度和界面填充率随基板带钢粗糙度降低以及基板带钢和覆膜辊初始预热温度增加而增加,且辊压力增加也导致界面填充率增加。这些规律被定量化描述,为精细化调控熔融层膜厚及其流动铺展行为提供了理论依据。 相似文献