梭式窑烧成曲线的控制方式

梭式窑烧成曲线的控制方式史志平（唐山陶瓷工业公司设计院，唐山０６３０２０）１前言梭式窑是一种现代化的间歇式窑炉，它的装窑出窑与隧道窑的装窑出窑相似，且都在窑外进行。用梭式窑可烧成不同尺寸、形状和质量的产品，它是陶瓷行业不可缺少的烧成设备。对梭式窑烧成...     

热分析在橡胶工业中的应用

热分析在橡胶混炼胶和成品的质量控制方面的测定应用在增加，本文介绍了热重法（ＴＧ）和热流差示扫描量热法（ＤＳＣ）在橡胶工业中的几个应用实例。     

煅烧煤矸石配料对生料易烧性和熟料矿物组成的影响

为探讨煅烧煤矸石在水泥生产中的应用，按KH=0.88～0.92，SM=2．1～2.5，肼=1．2～1.9的熟料率值控制，分别掺入4％，6％和8％的煅烧煤矸石代江砂配料，进行了煤矸石对生料易烧性影响的试验；同时进行煤矸石掺量对熟料烧成制度（烧成温度和烧成时间）影响的研究。在此基础上，进行了煅烧煤矸石对水泥熟料矿物形成过程、组成及质量的影响和作用机理分析探讨。结果表明：（1）掺入4％-8％的煅烧煤矸石，可明显改善生料的易烧性，减少f-CaO含量并能降低烧成温度50～100℃；（2）对掺入6％的煅烧煤矸石并经1250℃，1300℃和1400℃烧成物料的XRD分析可知，在1300℃其烧成反应已较充分，C3S结晶程度高．其熟料烧成范围为1300～1400℃；（3）煤矸石与矿化剂复掺可进一步改善生料的易烧性，其中复掺萤石效果最好。     

统计过程控制( SPC)在石墨电极生产和质量管理中的应用

统计过程控制（SPC）是质量管理中常用的一种技术，将它应用于石墨电极生产的过程控制与管理工作中，一方面可使质量管理工作更具系统性与科学性，另一方面也为生产过程的工艺调整与控制提供了必要的技术依据，本文介绍了统计过程控制（SPC）在超高功率石墨电极生产过程中的应用以及由此产生的工作、技术和经济效果。     

热分析在橡胶工业中的应用

热分析在橡胶混炼胶和成品的质量控制方面的测定应用在增加。本文介绍了热重法（ＴＧ）和热流差示扫描量热法（ＤＳＣ）在橡胶工业中的几个应用实例。     

NC—Ⅱ（Ⅲ）型篦冷机在福建水泥厂的成功应用

1概述冷却机作为烧成系统中的关键设备之一，其技术性能是否优越和运转是否可靠，直接关系到整个烧成系统的产量、能耗、运转率、熟料质量乃至系统的稳定操作。为确保烧成系统节能降耗、保持高的生产能力和运转率，采用技术先进、性能优越的新技术推动蓖式冷却机是极其重要的。福建水泥股份有限公司（以下简称福建厂）现共有2条产量为720t／d的立波尔窑生产线（＃l、勺窑）及1条产量为1500t用的预分解窑子法生产线（勺窑）0福建厂勺、’2亲原冷却机采用的是老式回转蓖冷机，在使用过程中暴露出许多不足和缺陷，远远不能适应生产要求，主要表…     

热分析在陶瓷生产中的应用

介绍了差热分析、失重分析、热膨胀分析、综合热分析等热分析方法的特点及其在陶瓷生产中的应用,并通过实例阐述了热分析用于消除陶瓷烧成缺陷的作用.     

硬脂酸-二氧化硅复合相变材料的制备

随着全球工业的高速发展，能源问题日益受人们的重视。充分利用相变潜热蓄能成为科研领域伯热点。本文介绍一种用溶胶－凝胶法制轩有机－无机纳米复合材料的方法，并对实验制备的新材料进行了差示扫描量热分析（DSC），扫描电镜分析（STM）和透射电镜分析（TEM）。分析结果表明，该材料是具有良好的蓄热能力的复合纳米材料，可广泛应用于太阳能利用，工业废热，余热回收及民用建筑材料。     

商品聚酯的热分析

近年来，从国外进口了一种聚酯，不能用聚对苯二甲酸乙酯（ＰＥＴ）的加工工艺进行加工。应用差示扫描量热（ＤＳＣ）对其热行为进行分析考察的一些结果，表明它和ＰＥＴ同样是结晶性聚酯，为聚对苯二甲酸１，４－环己烷二甲酯（ＰＣＴＡ）与ＰＥＴ的共聚物，可在现有加工ＰＥＴ的设备上调整工艺对它进行加工成型。测定的有关热行为的特征参数可供参考。     

晶种掺配工艺探索

实践结果表明，应用“晶种煅烧”技术，能改善熟料的物理力学性能，降低烧成煤耗，提高立窑产量，这是因为其弥补了“复合矿化”技术的不足，改善熟料矿物形成的动力学过程，加快核化速率，缩短烧成时间，控制晶体粒径，改善晶相结构。应用中结合生产条件，采取分别粉磨、窑前掺配（二次配煤处）工艺，并注意掺配均匀，可充分发挥晶种煅烧和改善通风的双重作用，提高技术效果。     

同煤塔山矿煤矸石制烧结砖工艺技术及应用

简述了同煤集团研究石炭系煤矸石综合利用的途径及制烧结砖技术的背景,详细介绍了以全煤矸石为原料,应用双级真空硬塑挤压、一次码烧、全自动生产工艺技术建设2．4亿块／a烧结砖工程项目一期工程1．2亿块／a生产线的设计要点及设备选型。煤矸石制砖项目是集团公司塔山工业园区重要循环产业链之一,促进了园区产业结构的优化,进一步增强了企业的综合经济实力。     

A method for fast and contactless control of raw materials

A technique for quality control of ceramic materials is proposed based on the surface photo-charge effect. The method is demonstrated and studied in the case of controlling the chemical composition of bricks. Presented experimental results show that samples with different compositions invoke distinctly different electronic signals specific to sample's composition. In particular, it is revealed that the response signal is a function of the percentage of coal slurries added to the brick raw material for energy efficiency. The quality measurements using the proposed technique are express and contactless, and can be performed under the production conditions of brick firing. The obtained results indicate that the described technology could be extended to control the production quality of other raw materials.     

利用黄金尾矿制备陶瓷清水砖的研究

为了实现黄金尾矿高效资源化利用,以黄金尾矿为主要原料,采用无压烧结制备了陶瓷清水砖样品,研究了黄金尾矿添加量对样品相组成、显微结构及性能的影响。结果表明,当烧成温度为1 100 ℃,黄金尾矿添加量为70%(质量分数)时,样品性能最优,其抗折强度达73.42 MPa,吸水率为0.10%,气孔率为0.25%,体积密度为2.46 g/cm³,烧成收缩为8.64%,达到GB/T 4100—2015《陶瓷砖》中瓷质砖的要求。样品的相组成为钙长石、石英、白榴子石和赤铁矿。清水砖坯釉结合性好,釉面光滑,色泽均匀。     

Influence of scrap glass powders and the maturing process in the unfired state on the body properties of a kaolinitic clay after firing

For the ceramic and brick industry as an energy-intensive sector solutions to diminish the energy consumption are of crucial importance. One possibility to affect the energy consumption of the firing process is the use of sintering aids, e.g. secondary raw materials like scrap glass powders.The knowledge of the mineral and liquid phase formation during firing is a basic requirement to assess the physical properties of the fired body. The impact of the scrap glass powders depends to a great extent on the respective clay composition, but also on both the chemical composition and the degree of preparation of the glass. The present paper discusses phase formations during firing and the resulting body properties, both of which depend significantly on interactions between clay and glass during maturation. A material model for describing the mode of action of scrap glass powders within kaolinitic clays is presented.     

The use of recycled paper processing residues in making porous brick with reduced thermal conductivity

Production of porous and light-weight bricks with reduced thermal conductivity and acceptable compressive strength is accomplished. Paper processing residues were used as an additive to an earthenware brick to produce the pores. SEM-EDS, XRD, XRF and TG-DTA analysis of the paper waste and brick raw material were performed. Mixtures containing brick raw materials and the paper waste were prepared at different proportions (up to 30 wt%). The granulated powder mixtures were compressed in a hydraulic press, and the green bodies were dried before firing at 1100 °C. Dilatometric behaviours, drying and firing shrinkages were investigated as well as the loss on ignition, bulk density, apparent porosity, water absorption and thermal conductivity values of the fired samples. Their mechanical and microstructural properties were also investigated. The results obtained showed that the use of paper processing residues decreased the fired density of the bricks down to 1.28 g/cm³. Compressive strengths of the brick samples produced in this study were higher than that required by the standards. Thermal conductivity of the porous brick produced in this study (<0.4 W/m K) showed more than 50% reduction compared to local brick of the same composition (0.8 W/m K). Conversion of this product to a perforated brick may reduce its thermal conductivity to very low values. Successful preliminary tests were conducted on an industrial scale.     

Production of dense refractories for blast furnace shafts

Conclusions The Zaporozhe Refractories Plant with the help of the Ukraine Refractories Research Institute has produced a batch (1100 tons) of kaolin brick with a porosity of not more than 12% for a 2700 m³ blast furnace at the Krivoi Rog Steel Factory. The brick made on toggle presses from Noveselits chamotte using Chl clay as the bond had outstanding quality factors which were obtained by stabilizing the industrial production parameters, increasing the firing temperature, and carefully controlling the grain-size composition.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 7–11, July, 1968.     

燃煤隧道窑

介绍了燃煤隧道窑的结构、配套系统、烘窑、热工制度、产量与燃料等。该窑系统齐全，窑内火焰、气流组织合理；窑车曲折密封、窑底均压起到了良好效果；阶梯炉栅式火箱和周期烧火操作，可使赛温稳定在１３７０—１４００℃。该窑烧出了优质粘土制品。     

Influence of coal-enrichment wastes on the heat and mass transfer in firing light bricks

Investigation of the heat and mass transfer in the firing of light ceramic brick permits the regulation of the process (in accordance with the change in effective thermal characteristics of the brick when fuelindustry wastes are used) and the determination of rational firing conditions. The effective thermal diffusivity of the brick is least in the temperature range where physicochemical processes are most intense.     

Control of the temperature conditions of firing in furnaces with radiating walls

The possibility of achieving optimum conditions of heat treatment of ceramic articles in furnaces with radiating walls is shown. A function providing control of the thermal energy supply to the firing zone of the furnace is found for the considered example of solid brick firing in the furnace, which makes it possible to obtain high-quality articles at minimum intensity of heat transfer and minimum power consumption.     

Increasing the thermal efficiency of a rotary kiln for firing dolomites from various deposits

Conclusions More uniform firing of dolomite of various fractions can be achieved by reducing the upper limits of the dolomite particle size to 10–12 mm and excluding fractions < 5mm. Considering the low resistance of chrome-magnesite brick in the firing zone it is necessary to use periclase-spinel brick.The use of GVM burners for burning natural gas in rotary kilns increases the output of the kiln and reduces the consumption of fuel when burning dolomite. These burners can be recommended for installation in rotary kilns for firing magnesite, chamotte, lime, etc.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 4, pp. 23–26, April, 1973.