铍在高科技中的应用与发展

简述了稀有金属铍主要特性和铍材在原子能、航天、科学仪器、仪表等世界高科技中的主要应用及我国铍冶金工业的生产，应用现状。     

铍铜合金的研究进展及应用

着重介绍了铍铜合金的性能.热处理工艺特点及研究进展,并综述了近年来铍铜在计算机、电子工业、汽车行业、模具行业等一些领域的应用.     

铍晶粒长大规律研究

对铍在等温热处理过程中晶粒长大规律进行了系统的研究.结果表明,伴随铍晶粒长大,铍中杂质(BeO,Be2C)在晶界聚集,对晶粒长大有阻碍作用,促使晶粒长大趋势发生改变;铍晶粒长大动力学表明:晶粒生长指数随着热处理温度的升高而减小;在热处理温度为900、1050和1200 K下的晶粒长大激活能为40985J/mol,并建立了相应的晶粒长大动力学方程.     

铍和含铍材料的性能及应用

铍是一种性能较为特殊的材料,它的某些性能特别是核性能和物理性能是其它任何金属材料所不能替代的。因此,对它的制作工艺和焊接的研究越来越受到人们的高度重视。铍的应用范围主要集中在核工业、武器系统、航空航天工业、X射线仪表、电子信息系统、汽车行业、家用电器等领域。随着研究的逐步深入,其应用范围还有扩大趋势。文章分金属铍、铍合金及含铍材料、氧化铍、铍复合材料等内容介绍了铍的发现、发展过程以及应用研究状况。     

高性能铍青铜研究进展

铍青铜合金具有很好的时效硬化效果,经过合理的热处理后具有一系列优良的综合性能,因而广泛应用于工业生产等各个方面。介绍了铍铜合金的成分、合金元素对铍青铜性能的影响、热处理工艺、性能及应用,着重论述了铍铜合金热处理方法及工艺参数对性能的影响。     

Recent Advances in Beryllium Metallurgy

Sound metallurgical approaches toward understanding, as well as eliminating, the persistent problem of brittleness in beryllium metal are described in this paper.     

Forging Beryllium Powder

The shortcomings of the press-sintering technique gave reason to develop a new method of beryllium forging using pressures in the range of 20,000 to 100,000 psi, sintering times from 1 sec to 1 min, and two temperature ranges—1600° and 1900°F; a non-beryllium can is fabricated to hold the beryllium powder. This article describes the results which Wyman Gordon Co. has had in implementing this program.     

Forging Unclad Beryllium

A forging development program has demonstrated that hot-pressed beryllium metal may be bare forged successfully into certain configurations. Technical details of the required procedures are presented, and the results are evaluated.     

铍的连接技术研究进展

作为最轻的金属之一铍具有许多优异性能，因而在电子工业、航天航空和国防工业广泛应用。对铍的连接技术，如钎焊、扩散焊、熔化焊等焊接方法现状进行了分析，并介绍了具体连接方法，提出了存在的问题和解决办法，有助于提高铍的连接质量。     

铍青铜的时效处理

铍青铜在空气介质中进行固溶或人工时效处理会发生氧化,从而影响其性能。对QBe2铍青铜采用充填纯铜粉的装箱保护法进行人工时效,不仅防止了铍青铜的氧化,还降低了生产成本,取得了良好的效果。     

Thermodynamic Properties of Beryllium

The thermodynamic properties of beryllium have been evaluated up to 2800 K. A further evaluation is justified by the inclusion of not only new specific heat measurements at low temperature but also new enthalpy measurements at high temperature which lead to a reassessment of the enthalpies and entropies of transition and fusion. Selected values include an enthalpy of sublimation of 324 ± 5 kJ/mol at 298.15 K and a boiling point at one atmosphere pressure of 2745 K.     

Aging Effects in Commercially Pure Beryllium

A strong yield point with attendant enhanced mechanical properties was found in commercially pure beryllium under certain conditions of heat treatment. Beryllium specimens also responded to both quench and strain aging treatments. Based on these results, a possible means of obtaining increased normal temperature mechanical properties is suggested.     

Fused Salt Electrorefining of Beryllium

The US Bureau of Mines has achieved laudable progress in its striving to attain high-purity beryllium. The following is a discussion of the Bureau’s work on the fused salt electrorefining of beryllium.     

铍与人体健康

铍是一个对人体有害的金属元素。日常生活中人们很少接触到，接触主要是指职业接触。铍病是接触铍或其化合物所致的以呼吸系统损害为主的全身性疾病。对铍及其化合物的毒性，国外研究已有 100余年。短期内吸入高浓度铍或其化合物，主要引起急性呼吸道炎性病变的急性铍病，国内曾在投产初期 (1962年前 )发生近百例；但接触铍或其化合物后，经一定的潜伏期发生以肺部结节性病变或肺间质纤维化为主病变的慢性铍病仍偶有发现。 铍病特征：吸入铍对人体损害的主要“靶器官”是肺；接触铍及其化合物可引起接触性皮炎、铍皮肤溃疡和皮下结节性病变。急性铍病有明显的鼻咽部干痛、剧咳、胸骨后不适等呼吸道刺激症状，严重者可出现肺水肿、呼吸衰竭或其他脏器损害；慢性铍病可出现呼吸功能不全，肝大、肝功能或转氨酶异常。急、慢性铍病的常见症状均无特异性。     

Beryllium Processing by Powder Metallurgy

This paper describes the powder metallurgical processing of beryllium into fine-grained forms from which finished shapes are made. Emphasis is given to the vacuum-hot-press-machine process which is used for the majority of beryllium parts being made today.