聚氨酯泡沫塑料工业氯氟烃发泡剂替代技术进展

叙述了聚氨酯泡沫塑料行业中发泡剂替代工作进展状况，分别介绍了国际上硬质泡沫和软质泡沫生产中的主要替代技术。     

聚氨酯硬泡中替代CFC—11的发泡剂

介绍了替代ＣＦＣ－１１的发泡剂，包括ＨＣＦＣ－１２３和ＨＣＦＣ－１４１ｂ，ＨＣＦＣ－２２，ＨＦＣ－１３４ａ，ＨＦＣ－３５６及使用这些发泡剂的泡沫配方和主要性质。     

美国聚氨酯软泡生产中氯氟烃替代技术

本文介绍目前美国聚氨酯软泡生产中CFC_s替代技术的实施概况。     

零ODP发泡剂在聚氨酯硬泡中的应用

本文对聚氨酯硬泡用四类零ＯＤＰ发泡剂：水、碳氢化合物、全氟烷、氢氟烃等发泡特性进行了比较，并着重以ＨＦＣ－１３４ａ和ＨＦＣ－３５６为例介绍了氢氟烃发泡剂在聚氨酯硬泡中的应用。     

聚氨酯发泡剂替代品发展动向

聚氨酯泡沫塑料是聚氨酯合成材料的主要品种之一,它是把聚醚多元醇或聚酯多元醇与异氰酸酯反应构成聚氨酯主体,并由异氰酸酯与水或低沸点氟烃类发泡剂反应制成泡沫塑料。它的主要特征是具有多孔性,比重小,比强度高,根据所用的原料不同和配方的变化,可以制成软质、半硬质和硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料,广泛地用于家俱、建筑、包装、隔热材料等方面。     

羟丙基化乙二胺碳酸盐聚氨酯硬泡发泡剂的研究

以自制的系列醇胺碳酸盐EDA-PO-100、EDA-PO-200或EDA-PO-300与环戊烷、水组成混合发泡剂,制备了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料.研究了醇胺碳酸盐/环戊烷/水混合发泡剂对聚氨酯泡沫材料力学性能、导热系数和泡沫结构的影响,并与环戊烷/水发泡体系进行比较.结果表明,醇胺碳酸盐/环戊烷/水混合发泡剂制备的聚氨酯泡沫...     

氢氯氟烃（HCFCs）发泡剂在聚氨酯硬泡中的应用

本文介绍了ＨＣＦＣ－１４１ｂ、ＨＣＦＣ－１２３、ＨＣＦＣ－２２发泡及ＨＣＦＣ－２２／ＨＣＦＣ－１４１ｂ、ＨＣＦＣ－２２／ＨＣＦＣ－１２３共发泡在聚氨酯硬泡中的应用，并对用ＨＣＦＣｓ发泡时如何改进聚氨酯硬泡的绝热性能进行了探讨。     

异戊烷发泡剂在聚氨酯硬泡中的应用

戊烷作为发泡剂具有良好的物理和工艺性能及合适的环境数据，适合于我国聚氨酯泡沫市场。本文将详细讨论异戊烷发泡聚酯硬泡的生产和泡沫性能及安全控制。     

聚氨酯发泡剂CFC—11替代评述

简述了ＣＦＣ－１１对大气臭氧层破坏的基本原理，介绍了聚氨酯ＣＦＣ－１１替代的不同途径及发展趋势，评价了ＣＦＣ－１１替代的经济特性。     

Characterization of corrosive agents in polyurethane foams for thermal insulation of pipelines

Thermal insulated pipelines consists of a pipe, an optional anticorrosive coating, covered by rigid polyurethane (PU) foam and an outer casing made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). In this paper, a methodology to investigate corrosion under thermal insulation and the compatibility between the polyurethane foams and anticorrosive coatings was developed. It consists of chemical, electrochemical and mass loss tests in aqueous extracts of the foams. The aqueous extracts were prepared according to an adaptation of ASTM C871 standard, taking into account the temperature range commonly employed in pipes operations of heavy petroleum derivatives. The chemical analysis of the extracts included pH, conductivity, phosphate, chloride and fluoride contents. Mass loss, electrochemical impedance and linear polarization were accomplished in autoclave. The influence of temperature, flame retardant and blowing agent was considered on the generation of corrosive agents. It was verified that the content of chloride in the foams is a very important parameter that must be controlled. Still in this paper, the compatibility of polyurethane foams with anticorrosive coatings is preliminary evaluated. The results show that investments on a proper coating selection are essential to guarantee good performance.     

聚氨酯硬质泡沫用发泡剂的发展现状与HCFC-141b替代面临的挑战

介绍了我国聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料用发泡剂的发展现状,主要包括烷烃类发泡剂、水发泡剂和氢氟烷烃类发泡剂,分析了我国发泡剂发展过程中面临的主要挑战。     

环戊烷发泡剂及聚氨酯硬泡性能研究

本文论述了氯氟烃(CFC 11)替代品环戊烷(Cyclopentane)的性质和其应用于全无氟绿色冰箱聚氨酯硬泡性能的研究结果,解决环戊烷发泡剂易燃、易爆和在聚醚多元醇中的溶解度差的问题是开发环戊烷发泡剂应用领域的重要因素。文中列出了环戊烷聚氨酯硬泡塑料性能参数:芯密度 3 2 6kg/m3 ;压缩强度 12 5kPa;导热系数在2 4℃条件下为 16 3mW·(m·K)-1;尺寸稳定性在 70℃、2 4h条件下为 0 7%     

自由发泡聚氨酯硬泡密度理论计算及其应用

通过对聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料发泡机理的分析，提出了泡沫密度的理论计算模型，建立了泡沫密度与发泡剂量等因素的关系式，并就其实际应用进行了探讨。     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫CFC-11替代技术

简要概述了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料CFC-11替代技术及现状,比较了各种替代发泡剂的优缺点.     

冰箱用HFC—245fa组合聚醚的研制

ＨＦＣ－２４５ｆａ具有自氧消耗潜值为零等优点，是ＣＦＣ发泡剂较理想的替代品，通过合成聚醚多元醇ＨＢＬ－０６及对配方的优化试验，解决了ＨＦＣ－２４５ｆａ发泡的聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料导热系数高、表面发酥等难题，生产的组合聚醚Ｈ－Ｙ６１各项性能 达到或接近ＣＦＣ－１１型同类产品水平。     

臭氧层耗损与聚氨酯泡沫CFC替代技术

对臭氧层耗损的化学原理及相关情况和聚氨酯泡沫中氯氟烃(CFC)的替代品状况及发展趋势进行了较为详细的讨论和介绍。     

Bi-phase flame-retardant effect of hexa-phenoxy-cyclotriphosphazene on rigid polyurethane foams containing expandable graphite

The flame-retardant rigid polyurethane (PU) foams with hexa-phenoxy-cyclotriphosphazene/expandable graphite (HPCP/EG) were prepared through box-foaming in our laboratory. The flame retardancy of PU foams was characterized using the limiting oxygen index and cone calorimeter. The results show that the incorporation of HPCP into the PU foams containing EG enhanced flame retardancy. The main degradation process of HPCP in PU foams was investigated by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. HPCP during combustion generated phenoxyl and PO₂ free radicals, which could quench the flammable free radicals produced by the matrix and hamper the free radical chain reaction of combustion. This observation shows that HPCP produced a gas-phase flame-retardant effect in this specimen. Additionally, micro-morphology, elemental composition and content of residual char of the flame-retardant PU foams after the cone calorimeter test were also characterized using scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray microanalyser. The results exhibit that the partial phosphorus from HPCP remained in the residual char, and HPCP significantly enhanced the strength and compatibility of the char layer formed by the PU foams containing EG. These results indicate the important function of HPCP in condensed phase. Thus, HPCP exhibited gas-phase and condensed-phase flame-retardant effects on the PU/EG foams.     

热塑性硬质聚氨酯泡沫在汽车顶内饰中的应用

概述了汽车顶内饰用热塑性聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料进展状况，介绍了硬泡及顶内饰成型方法，对影响该硬泡性能的一些因素进行了讨论。指出该顶内饰已批量生产。