OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF BICYCUC AND TRICYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN CRUDE OILS FROM THE GULF OF SUEZ, EGYPT

The distribution patterns of methylhomologs of naphthalene and phenanthrene in five crude oils from the southern part of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt, have been examined by quantitative capillary gas chromatography (GC) and computerized gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In general, the relative abundance of individual naphthalenes and phenanthrenes were not significantly different in the five oil samples. Correlation between the source rock deposition and the abundance of specific methylnaphthalene and melhylphenanthrene isomers are consistent with a marine type source materials for the analyzed Gulf of Suez oils. Maturity parameters based on methylnaphthalene and methylphenanthrene isomers were almost identical and are consistent with an advanced stage of maturity. Further, calculated vitrinite reflectance (Re) confirmed that the sediments have a range of maturity within the “oil window”.     

OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF BICYCUC AND TRICYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN CRUDE OILS FROM THE GULF OF SUEZ,EGYPT

ABSTRACT

The distribution patterns of methylhomologs of naphthalene and phenanthrene in five crude oils from the southern part of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt, have been examined by quantitative capillary gas chromatography (GC) and computerized gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In general, the relative abundance of individual naphthalenes and phenanthrenes were not significantly different in the five oil samples. Correlation between the source rock deposition and the abundance of specific methylnaphthalene and melhylphenanthrene isomers are consistent with a marine type source materials for the analyzed Gulf of Suez oils. Maturity parameters based on methylnaphthalene and methylphenanthrene isomers were almost identical and are consistent with an advanced stage of maturity. Further, calculated vitrinite reflectance (Re) confirmed that the sediments have a range of maturity within the “oil window”.     

原子吸收分光光度法快速测定汽油中痕量锰

用原子吸收分光光度计 ,选用甲基三辛基氯化铵的甲基异丁基酮溶液作溶剂直接溶解有机试样 ,采用空气 /乙炔贫燃火焰 ,用标准曲线法定量 ,建立了一种新型高准确度测定汽油中痕量锰的定量分析方法。其回收率为 94.9%～ 1 0 8.8% ,相对标准偏差为 1 .6%     

原子吸收光谱法测定金属钝化剂中的锑含量

对金属钝化剂中的锑含量测定方法进行了研究。试样用硫酸和硝酸进行氧化消解，经稀释定容后在２１７．６ｎｍ处对锑进行原子吸收光谱法测定，并进行空白试验。方法相对平均标准偏差为１．５６％，回收率是９７．３％～１００％。该法具有准确、快速、灵敏的优点     

润滑油基础油芳烃含量在线紫外分析仪的研制与应用

为测量润滑油基础油中芳烃含量的多少，表征油品的精制深度和质量，研制了在线紫外分析仪。该仪表测量范围（吸光度）为０～７；量程（吸光度）为０～１；精制油吸光系数为０～３．０，原料油吸光系数为２．０～１０；分析结果与以ＳＹ２８６８－８３标准做出的吸光系数极差Δａ（准确性）≤０．２５；重复性Δａ≤０．１５；三年运行中无故障运行率达到９７％。兰州炼油化工总厂酚精炼车间根据该仪表指示值进行质量卡边操作，使成品油收率提高１．５个百分点，油品合格率提高２个百分点，一套１８０ｋｔ／ａ装置年创效益为３００万元以上。该仪表已获国家发明专利和实用新型专利     

催化温度滴定法在深色航空油品酸值测定中的应用

在航空油品中加入多聚甲醛作为温度催化指示剂,采用催化温度滴定法在优化滴定条件下对苯甲酸标准液进行酸值测定。结果表明,测定标准酸的线性回归方程为y=0.203 6+0.039 2x,相关系数R为0.999 2,回收率为102.4%~109.4%,具有很好的准确性、重复性和再现性。该法对15号航空液压油、4109号航空润滑油都具有很好的适用性,能够实现深色航空油品酸值的准确测定。     

A STUDY OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN QAIYARAH NAPTHA FRACTION 50-165° C USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROSCOPY

Qaiyarah crude oil, which is one of the heaviest crude oil in the world and mainly aromatic to asphaltic in nature, was the subject of this investigation. Analysis of the aromatics is obtained by employing various methods of extraction, purification, gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The study reveals the presence of mono, di and tri-aromatic hydrocarbons with their alkyl and aryl substituents. Moreover, the detected naphthenes are mainly cyclahexane, and deckaline with their aliphatic derivatives     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定原油及润滑油馏分中钙含量

对火焰原子吸收光谱法测定原油及润滑油馏分中钙含量的方法进行了研究。考察了共存元素对测定钙含量产生的干扰情况。通过对标准样品和实际样品的测定表明,本方法具有较高的准确度和精密度,完全可以用于原油脱钙剂的筛选评价及生产过程对原料油的质量监控。     

原油破乳剂在胜利油田的应用和发展

本文综述了原油破乳剂在胜利油田研制与应用概况，按研制时间先后系统介绍了１９种原油破乳剂，包括１８种用于油包水型乳状液的破乳剂和１种用于水包油型乳状液的破乳剂，提出了当前发展原油破乳剂的三个紧迫问题。     

液相色谱法测定柴油多环芳烃的影响因素探讨

探讨高效液相色谱示差折光检测器方法测定柴油中多环芳烃过程中,部分样品与标准中的典型谱图差异较大的情况及色谱柱失效问题。通过加入萘作为标记物来辅助划分单环和双环的切割点,并定期对色谱柱进行活化的方法,能够有效提高测试的准确性,对液相色谱法测定柴油单环、双环和多环芳烃具有一定的指导意义。     

有机络合剂在油气田除垢技术中的应用

本文综述了国内外使用有机络合剂进行油乞田除垢的原理，工艺和效果分析。有机络合剂用于清除地层孔隙喉结垢时不会形成二次沉淀，用于清除油田地面集输系统结垢时具有不损伤工件和劳动强度小等优点。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定石脑油中微量铅

将试样用四氢呋喃稀释,加入适量碘溶液,以硝酸镍为基体改进剂,研究了用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接进样测定石脑油中的铅含量。结果表明,铅含量在0-80μg/L范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999,偏离系数0.8%-5.4%,回收率98.80%-105.0%,该法与SH/T0242-92标准所测结果一致。     

DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUND TYPES IN VACUUM GAS OILS USING GC-FID-SCD METHOD

ABSTRACT

The analyses of individual organic sulfur compounds in petroleum distillates are the key to understanding the kinetics of the chemistry involved in hydrodesulfurization, HDS. A sample of vacuum gas oil (VGO) produced commercially by distillation of treated atmospheric residue was analyzed by GC-FID-SCD method for individual organic sulfur compounds characterization and quantification. Dibenzothiophene and benzonaphthothiophene and their alkyl derivatives were found to constitute almost the entire organic sulfur compound range present in the VGO. Using a relationship between the total sulfur determined by “X-ray” and “Coulomax” methods and the composition of individual sulfur compounds determined by SCD, the quantity of those organic sulfur compounds present in VGO was estimated. Despite the limit in temperature raise (325°C) in the capillary column and that the range studied (346-555°C) is higher than those limits, optimum conditions were chosen to overcome those obstacles. From the analyses the behavior of refractory and unrefractory sulfur compounds in the VGO region can now be followed easily.     

DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUND TYPES IN VACUUM GAS OILS USING GC-FID-SCD METHOD

The analyses of individual organic sulfur compounds in petroleum distillates are the key to understanding the kinetics of the chemistry involved in hydrodesulfurization, HDS. A sample of vacuum gas oil (VGO) produced commercially by distillation of treated atmospheric residue was analyzed by GC-FID-SCD method for individual organic sulfur compounds characterization and quantification. Dibenzothiophene and benzonaphthothiophene and their alkyl derivatives were found to constitute almost the entire organic sulfur compound range present in the VGO. Using a relationship between the total sulfur determined by “X-ray” and “Coulomax” methods and the composition of individual sulfur compounds determined by SCD, the quantity of those organic sulfur compounds present in VGO was estimated. Despite the limit in temperature raise (325°C) in the capillary column and that the range studied (346-555°C) is higher than those limits, optimum conditions were chosen to overcome those obstacles. From the analyses the behavior of refractory and unrefractory sulfur compounds in the VGO region can now be followed easily.     

焦化装置富气压缩机干气密封系统的应用及维护

文章根据干气密封的工作原理、基本结构、应用特点及操作条件,分析了焦化富气压缩机干气密封系统在运行过程中出现的故障,并针对故障的原因采取了相应的措施进行维修保养,保证了干气密封系统连续稳定运转34个月以上,保障了机组的安全、稳定、长期、满负荷的优质运行。     

原子吸收光谱应用有机金属标准物质测定润滑油中的铁和镍

叙述了应用原子吸收光谱有机金属标准物质直接测定润滑油中磨损金属铁、镍含量的方法。使用自制的有机铁和有机镍作分析标准物质,其稳定性可保持１年。该方法省去了灰化、酸溶等繁琐步骤,不但操作简便,而且灵敏度较高。铁和镍的特征质量浓度分别为０．０４８ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．０４４ｍｇ／Ｌ;精密度分别为０．９２％和１．５２％     

易挥发油品新型采样器的研制及性能

介绍一种新研制的易挥发油品Ⅱ型采样器。它具有采样准确、使用方便、容易清洗和携带等优点，配合气相色谱仪，可满足轻质油品等易挥发油品的采样分析要求。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定燃料油中金属钒

将试样在坩埚内燃烧 ,灰化后 ,用盐酸溶解 ,用石墨炉原子吸收法测定钒含量。实验表明 ,该法回收率98%～ 1 0 2 % ,能满足日常检验钒含量在 0～ 1 0 0 μg/g范围内的要求     

等吸收点双波长紫外分光光度法同时测定苯酚和对苯二酚

选择 2 6 8nm和 2 98nm为测定波长 ,采用等吸收点双波长紫外分光光度法同时测定苯酚和对苯二酚 ,方法快速、简单、方便。对合成样品进行分析 ,苯酚和对苯二酚的相对标准偏差分别≤ 1 .2 %和≤ 0 .96 % ,相对误差分别≤± 0 .6 7%和≤± 0 .4 0 % ,结果良好。苯酚和对苯二酚的最低检测限分别为 0 .8μg/ m L 和 0 .6μg/ m L。     

芳烃抽提装置中控产品中芳烃含量测定法(气相色谱法)

在《重整原料油及生成油中C6～C9芳烃含量测定法》（SH／T0166-92）的基础上，通过对相关参数的调整，考查了各芳烃组分的相对校正因子，利用校正面积归一法进行定量，很好的解决了芳烃抽提装置生产中遇到的实际问题，进一步简化了分析操作，并对方法的精密度和准确度进行了考察，符合生产需要。