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Distributed Hydrological Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis in Torysa Watershed, Slovakia 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
The spatially distributed hydrologic model WetSpa is applied to the Torysa river basin (1,297 km2) located in Slovakia. Daily hydrometeorological data from 1991 to 2000 are used as input to the model. The spatial characteristic of the basin are described by three base maps, i.e. DEM, landuse and soil type, in GIS form using 100 m cell size. Results of the simulations show a good agreement between calculated and measured hydrographs at the outlet of the basin. The model predicts the daily discharge values with a good accuracy, i.e. about 73% according to the Nash–Sutcliff criterion. Sensitivity analysis of the model parameters is performed using a model-independent parameter estimator, PEST. It is found that the correction factor for calculating the actual evapotranspiration from potential evaporation has the highest relative sensitivity. Parameter K gm which controls the amount of evapotranspiration from the groundwater has the least relative sensitivity. 相似文献
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以北京市延庆区妫水河为例,使用SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)模型对妫水河流域进行月尺度水文模拟,使用SUFI-2(Sequential Uncertainty Fitting)算法分析参数的敏感性,依据SWAT-CUP自动率定得到P因子和R因子分析模型的不确定性,从而完成本流域分布式水文模型的构建。率定结果显示,率定期确定系数R 2为0.65,效率系数NSE为0.61;验证期确定系数R 2为0.89,效率系数NSE为0.88;不确定性分析结果中P-factor均大于0.5,R-factor均小于0.3。通过以上分析可得该模型对妫水河流域的水文模拟有良好的效果。 相似文献
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Hydrological behaviour and water balance analysis for Xitiaoxi catchment of Taihu Basin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
With the rapid social and economic development of the Taihu region, Taihu Lake now faces an increasingly severe eutrophication problem. Pollution from surrounding catchments contributes greatly to the eutrophication of water bodies in the region. Investigation of surface flow and associated mass transport for the Xitiaoxi catchment is of a significant degree of importance as the Xitiaoxi catchment is one of the major catchments within the Taihu region. A SWAT-based distributed hydrological model was established for the Xitiaoxi catchment. The model was calibrated and verified using hydrometeorological data from 1988 to 2001. The results indicate that the modeled daily and annual stream flow match the observed data both in the calibration period and the verification period, with a linear regression coefficient R2 and a coefficient e for modeled daily stream flow greater than 0.8 at Hengtangcun and Fanjiacun gauge stations. The results show that the runoff process in the Xitiaoxi catchment is affected both by rainfall and human activities (e.g., reservoirs and polder areas). Moreover, the human activities weaken flood peaks more noticeably during rainstorms. The Water balance analysis reveals the percentages of precipitation made up by surface flow, evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge' and the change of soil storage, all of which are considered useful to the further understanding of the hydrological processes in the Xitiaoxi catchment. This study provides a good base for further studies in mass transport modeling and comparison of modeling results from similar hydrological models. 相似文献
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以郑州市贾鲁河流域为研究区,在地理信息系统技术支持下,使用DEM、土地利用、土壤、气象、人工取用水数据、农业管理措施等资料构建了基于分布式水文模型SWAT的流域水循环模拟模型,应用改进的SWAT模型进行了流域水循环模拟,并利用实测数据对模型进行了参数率定和模型验证,采用相对误差、NASH效率系数、相关系数作为模型适应性评价指标,结果表明模型在研究区有较好的适应性。可以为流域水循环演变规律的系统揭示和区域水资源的综合调控提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
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针对流域水文数据存在的海量、复杂、时空性等一系列特点,面向流域防洪与兴利等主题,建立了以数据层、组织层、挖掘层以及决策层为基础的流域水文数据挖掘体系,并从数据仓库、数据挖掘、元数据管理等几个方面建立了该体系的分析流程,为流域防洪和兴利业务提供了新的解决方案。将数据挖掘体系初步应用于流域的预报和调度中,证明在有充足数据的支持下.形成可行的流域预报和调度方案是合理可行的。随着数据管理、数据分析等技术日益完善.以数据仓库、数据挖掘等技术为基础的水文数据挖掘体系将逐步走向实用化。 相似文献
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High-quality rainfall information is critical for accurate simulation of runoff and water cycle processes on the land surface. In situ monitoring of rainfall has a very limited utility at the regional and global scale because of the high temporal and spatial variability of rainfall. As a step toward overcoming this problem, microwave remote sensing observations can be used to retrieve the temporal and spatial rainfall coverage because of their global availability and frequency of measurement. This paper addresses the question of whether remote sensing rainfall estimates over a catchment can be used for water balance computations in the distributed hydrological model. The TRMM 3B42V6 rainfall product was introduced into the hydrological cycle simulation of the Yangtze River Basin in South China. A tool was developed to interpolate the rain gauge observations at the same temporal and spatial resolution as the TRMM data and then evaluate the precision of TRMM 3B42V6 data from 1998 to 2006. It shows that the TRMM 3B42V6 rainfall product was reliable and had good precision in application to the Yangtze River Basin. The TRMM 3B42V6 data slightly overestimated rainfall during the wet season and underestimated rainfall during the dry season in the Yangtze River Basin. Results suggest that the TRMM 3B42V6 rainfall product can be used as an alternative data source for large-scale distributed hydrological models. 相似文献
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为了解决珠江流域咸潮上溯问题,需要在枯水期对流域水库群进行压咸调度。合理调度的前提是准确掌握流域的来水情况,以便在满足发电需要的基础上兼顾生态需要,特别是在枯水期。飞来峡水库是北江流域的重要水库,位于珠江流域下游,在流域抑咸调度中起到关键的作用。为了对飞来峡水库来水过程进行水文模拟分析,以分布式水文模型EasyDHM为基础,利用DEM、实测河网、土壤、土地利用及水文气象数据,构建了北江流域分布式水文模型。通过模型的参数率定以及验证发现,模型精度较高,可以很好的应用于流域水情形势分析;对飞来峡水库旬入库过程统计发现,枯水期来水量最小值出现在12月上中旬,这对于确定流域抑咸统一调度的最佳时期也有着重要的意义。 相似文献
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为延长水文预报有效预见期,提高预报精度,采用WRF模型降雨预报作为输入,建立针对长江上游的WRF定量降雨预报模型,利用2014年WRF模型对长江上游的预报结果,采用水文气象耦合的方式,研究输入资料在空间尺度变化的情况下对水文预报的影响。 相似文献
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黄河流域水文站网布设与调整研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
阐述了水文站网的主要功能与作用,介绍了水文站网布设的传统与规范,指出了黄河流域水文站网发展现状与不足.根据<水文站网规划技术导则>的规定以及黄河流域的现实情况,提出了黄河流域水文站网布设和调整的目标与方向:深入探索水文规律,为流域规划及治理开发与管理奠定基础;完善暴雨洪水泥沙监测,为防汛和水库调度服务;强化区域水量与水质监测,为水量调度与水资源管理服务;努力实现水生态和水环境监测,为维持黄河健康生命服务. 相似文献
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水文站网是为满足流域规划、水量调度、水资源配置、水环境保护等方面的综合目标或综合功能而设置的,可以通过流域水量计算、省界水量监测、防汛测报、水质监测目标满足率来反映其合理性.分析统计结果表明:①现状黄河流域水量控制满足率为32%,水文空白河流主要分布在青海、甘肃的河源区和内蒙古的荒漠区,应在下一步黄河流域站网布局中重点关注;②流域省界河流水量控制满足率为82%,尚有6条河流需设站控制;③尚未开展防汛预测预报的河流有35条,今后调整的任务是提高报汛站网密度,增强报汛的时效性;④流域水功能区水质监测目标平均满足率为32.3%,整体水平偏低,需要大力加强水质站网建设. 相似文献
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文章在利用SHAW模型处理山西沁河流域下边界水热通量的基础上,引入1个设计面雨量来修正流域产流的损失值,参照沁河流域产业分布情况,提出了新的山西沁河流域水资源配置方法,并以沁河支流书院河为应用对象,在设定周围产业用水需求情景的基础上,测试此方法与2种传统方法的应用效果.结果表明:应用此方法得到的供需平衡指数更接近数值1... 相似文献