山区UHF频段陆地移动卫星通信系统多径衰落测量

ＵＨＦ频段山区多径落衰实验于１９９９年７月在石家庄至山西阳泉高速公路及河南林州至山西上党方向公路上进行。利用日本ＧＭＳ１４０Ｅ气象卫星为信标,地面接收系统和数据处理设备安置于汽车上。测试在卫星和接上机之间不被阻挡时进行。此种情况下可保证信号衰落或增长主要早由于多径而造成的。这里讨论的一个主要问题是：山区多径和路边树蔗蔽衰落在地面移动卫星通信中衰落幅度的大小。路边树衰落在时间百分比为１％和５％时分别     

基于OFDM的VDES地面子系统设计

为解决海上远距离通信给甚高频数据交换系统（VDES）地面子系统带来的严重多径干扰,将正交频分复用（OFDM）技术融入VDES 地面子系统,在协议框架下完成对系统物理层时隙结构的设计,利用OFDM 技术优越的抗多径性能解决VDES 地面子系统存在的严重多径干扰问题。首先,在VDES 地面子系统基础框架下,设计融合了OFDM 技术的VDES 地面子系统完整底层链路系统,并确保各子模块基础性能不差于建议书提供的需求指标。然后,利用MATLAB 软件对系统开展了在逼近循环前缀（CP）大小的极限时延下多径信道环境的仿真测试,结果表明在大时延多径信道环境下系统仍具有很好的抗多径性能,且传输速率略高于当前VDES 标准协议参数。最后,完成了系统的硬件设计并于大连海域完成海上实测,系统最大极限空口速率可达312.7 kbit/s。研究表明,把OFDM 技术引入到VDES 系统,对于帮助VDES 系统对抗多径干扰,提升系统稳健性有相当重要的作用,这也是VDES 系统发展需要探索的方向之一。     

不同DTTB系统抗多径衰落的性能比较

介绍了数字电视地面传输(DTTB)标准中抗多径的方法以及ADTB-T系统在抗多径技术上的改进,通过截止率计算公式,仿真并比较了各系统的抗多径衰落的性能.     

UHF、L频段陆地卫星移动通信业务遮蔽环境衰落研究

ＵＨＦ、Ｌ频段路边树遮蔽和多径衰落实验分别于１９９９年８月和９月在河南安阳境内进行。利用日本ＧＭＳ１４０Ｅ气象卫星为信标,其下行频率分别为４６８．９２４ＭＨｚ和１６９１．００ＭＨｚ,有效全向辐射功率分别为３７ｄＢｍ和５６ｄＢｍ,中频带宽分别为２ｋＨｚ和２００ｋＨｚ,极化方式均为线极化。地面接收系统和数据处理设备安置于汽车上。此项实验的目的是为地面卫星移动通信系统的设计提供重要的信道参数。本文给出了     

不同数字电视地面广播传输系统 在多径衰落信道下的性能比较

本文分析了数字电视地面广播通信信道具有长脉冲响应的多径衰落的特点,从频域上表达了其多径衰落信道模型;基于单载波和多载波两种不同的传输模式,推导了数字电视地面广播传输系统在该多径衰落信道下的系统截止率和中断概率的表达式;比较了基于不同数字电视地面广播传输标准和解决方案的传输系统在数字电视地面广播多径衰落信道下的系统输出的截止率和中断概率的性能.     

LMSS中的多径衰落预测模式

本文讨论了陆地移动卫星业务（ＬＭＳＳ）中的多径衰落分布，综合国外有关实验数据导出了适用于地面多径接收环境中的经验衰落预测模式。比较结果表明，该模式有较好的精度，而Ｎａｋａｇａｍｉ—Ｒｉｃｅ分布偏离实验结果较大。     

基于飞行器的分布式传感器网络中的跟踪技术

介绍了用于多飞行器跟踪地面目标所运用的大型硬件的传感器模型,以及用在ANSER项目实验的硬件,提出了支持基于DDF的分布跟踪系统以及信息过滤器的基本算法,解决适用于多飞行器跟踪地面目标使用的分布跟踪系统中的飞行传感传输问题。     

地空通信的天线高度与多径干扰

从多径干扰角度出发,讨论了在地空通信系统中,地面天线高度对通信的影响。通过讨论及工程实践得出:在地空通信系统中,当空中通信目标具有足够的高度,地面天线架设得越低,越能抑制多径信号的干扰。     

国内外地面数字电视传输标准浅析(下)

3 我国地面数字电视传输标准影响地面数字电视传输系统选择的各种因素往往是相互制约的,从目前欧美提出的地面数字电视传输方案看,还没有哪种标准能够充分地满足我国地面数字电视的特性需求。如:在固定的地面数字电视传输/接收中,所遇到的多径干扰可用共用天线系统解决。美国ATSC/8-VSB传输方案为单边带广播,幅射功率利用率高,接收门限低,以及与传统模拟电视广     

无线数字电视单频网多径干扰趣谈

1 引言 地面数字电视单频网性能好坏主要在于该系统抗无线信道多径干扰的能力.一般情况下,在重叠覆盖区多径较强时,尽量将延时控制的最小(相对延时小于40μs);在多径延时较大时,尽量将多径的强度控制的最小(相对强度大于8dBm);地面数字电视系统单一发射站点自身一般情况下不会出现多径干扰现象,但在某些特定环境下也会产生例外.     

A Particle Filtering Approach for Joint Detection/Estimation of Multipath Effects on GPS Measurements

Multipath propagation causes major impairments to global positioning system (GPS) based navigation. Multipath results in biased GPS measurements, hence inaccurate position estimates. In this paper, multipath effects are considered as abrupt changes affecting the navigation system. A multiple model formulation is proposed whereby the changes are represented by a discrete valued process. The detection of the errors induced by multipath is handled by a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter (RBPF). The RBPF estimates the indicator process jointly with the navigation states and multipath biases. The interest of this approach is its ability to integrate a priori constraints about the propagation environment. The detection is improved by using information from near future GPS measurements at the particle filter (PF) sampling step. A computationally modest delayed sampling is developed, which is based on a minimal duration assumption for multipath effects. Finally, the standard PF resampling stage is modified to include an hypothesis test based decision step     

卫星移动通信中的抗多径衰落技术

在移动卫星系统中，多径衰落是影响通信质量的重要因素之一。本文对目前在移动卫星中应用比较广泛的抗多径衰落技术进行了归纳与总结，并分析了四种的典型的抗衰落技术，最后给出了选择抗多径衰落技术方案的一般性原则。     

Multipath fading at L band for low elevation angle, land mobilesatellite scenarios

We characterize multipath fading at low elevation angles for unshadowed line-of-sight propagation over a land-mobile satellite link. Equipment aboard a van recorded a CW signal from INMARSAT's geostationary satellite MARECS-B2 while driving in the states of Utah, Nevada, Washington, and Oregon. Elevation angles ranged from 7° to 14°. The van carried a tracking helix antenna with beamwidths in the principal planes of approximately ±18°. Multipath fading was observed in flat and hilly terrain and is compared with an example of fading due to tree shadowing. The measurements demonstrate that multipath effects at low elevation angles may result in fades exceeding 7 dB for approximately 1% of the driving distance for a worst case scenario corresponding to driving in rolling, hilly terrain where the satellite is in front or behind of the vehicle. Fading in such a case is typically dominated by a single multipath reflection from a terrain feature. On the other hand, tree shadowing at low elevation (7°) may result in fades which exceed 25 dB at the 1% level     

A shipborne fading reduction antenna system for maritime satellite communications

Multipath fading due to reflected waves from a sea surface is serious in maritime satellite communications. A shipborne antenna system which reduces the fading by using the cross-polarized component of the reflected waves is presented.     

基于激光测距技术的车辆宽高检测系统的设计

为实现高速公路车辆超宽超高治理工作的自动化、智能化,设计了一种基于激光脉冲测距技术的智能车辆宽高检测系统。系统采用LMS二维激光测距传感器,在新型高性能微处理器的控制下,对车辆轮廓进行高速动态扫描,将所接收到的实时数据进行分析处理,实现对行进车辆的宽高检测和超限声光报警。实验结果表明,系统测量精度为±0.15 m,测量准确率达到95%,系统性能满足高速公路管理部门对于车辆宽高超限检测的要求。     

多频GNSS抗多径天线的设计和实现

多径效应是影响卫星导航接收机测量精度的一个主要误差源，可以采用改进天线结构的方法，提高抗多径性能。本文从天线抗多径理论入手，描述了一种多频抗多径天线的设计和实现。测试结果表明，该天线具有良好的抗多径效果。     

一种监测站多径检测和校正的新技术研究

监测站是卫星导航系统的核心部分,提供给主控站的原始测量数据精度决定着整个导航系统的定轨与时间同步精度,影响着系统的服务性能。多径和天线相位中心的变化是监测站高精度测距不可忽略的影响因素。采用一套基于高增益、抗多径面天线的多径检测和校正系统,定量地评估监测站的多径环境,并对接收机天线的相位中心和多径进行校正。通过多径检测与校正原型设施,开展阵列天线相心标校、多径检测与标校等试验,为监测站的天线相心与多径环境检测、抑制和校正提供一个完整的解决方案。     

Mobile satellite system propagation measurements at L-bandusing MARECS-B2

A mobile satellite system (MSS) propagation experiment at 1.5 GHz was performed near the east coast of the United States in central Maryland during December 1987 using the MARECS-B2 satellite as a transmitter platform. A receiving system in a vehicle measured signal fades caused by shadowing and multipath from roadside trees and utility poles. The propagation degradations were characterized for a system of three roads previously examined using a helicopter as the transmitter platform. The objectives of the MARECS-B2 MSS tests were to: (1) establish cumulative fade distributions for the particular satellite geometry for both rural and suburban roads; (2) validate the consistency of previous roadside tree measurements which employed a helicopter as the transmitter platform for the same system of roads; (3) obtain an additional set of fade levels at a lower angle hitherto not measured in central Maryland; and (4) combine the satellite-acquired data set with previous helicopter results and establish an analytic, empirically derived function describing the cumulative fade distributions for a family of path angles. An analysis of the satellite data has demonstrated the successful achievement of these objectives     

INNOVATIVE NETWORKING CONCEPTS TESTED ON THE ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY SATELLITE

This paper describes a program of experiments conducted over the advanced communications technology satellite (ACTS) and the associated T1-VSAT (very small aperture terminal). The experiments were motivated by the commercial potential of low-cost receive-only satellite terminals that can operate in a hybrid network environment, and by the desire to demonstrate frame relay technology over satellite networks. The first experiment tested highly adaptive methods of satellite bandwidth allocation in an integrated voice–data service environment. The second involved comparison of forward error correction (FEC) and automatic-repeat-request (ARQ) methods of error control for satellite communication with emphasis on the advantage that a hybrid architecture provides, especially in the case of multicasts. Finally, the third experiment demonstrated hybrid access to databases and compared the performance of internetworking protocols for interconnecting local area networks (LANs) via satellite. A custom unit termed frame relay access switch (FRACS) was developed by COMSAT Laboratories for these experiments; the preparation and conduct of these experiments involved a total of 20 people from the University of Maryland, the University of Colorado and COMSAT Laboratories, from late 1992 until 1995.