研制高冲击强度的增强PA66材料

探讨了增韧剂、玻纤种类和螺杆组合对玻纤增强PA66冲击性能的影响。研究结果表明,加入增韧剂能够有效提高玻纤增强PA66的冲击性能,当增韧剂用量为3%时,材料具有最优的冲击强度和缺口冲击强度。特殊偶联剂处理的玻纤和合适的螺杆组合有助于玻纤在树脂基体中获得均匀分散和较窄的长度分布,并提高组分间的界面作用,得到冲击性能优异的玻纤增强PA66材料。     

玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺老化机理的研究

以30％玻纤增强的聚酰胺66（PA66）为对象，用紫外加速仪研究了辐照时间对玻纤增强PA66的吸湿率、力学性能和形貌的影响进行研究，探讨了玻纤增强PA66的老化机理。实验结果表明：玻纤增强聚酰胺经紫外老化后的吸湿率显著低于未增强聚酰胺；玻纤增强聚酰胺的拉伸强度、弯曲强度显著提高，紫外老化后力学性能保持率较高；玻纤增强聚酰胺抗老化的机理可能是玻璃纤维阻止了聚酰胺老化裂纹的进一步扩展，同时减缓了外界因素对聚酰胺本体的进一步侵蚀，老化速度减慢。     

节能建材用高性能玻纤增强尼龙66隔热材料

文章研究了玻纤表面处理及其长度分布对高性能隔热条专用的增强尼龙66复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:玻纤表面处理剂MKH添加量达到0.11%时,能够有效地提高玻纤与尼龙66基体的界面粘接强度,并能提高隔热条饱和吸水后的拉伸强度;玻纤长度的平均值为0.75 mm,且长度分布均匀时有利于隔热条的挤出。     

耐水解玻璃纤维增强尼龙66的制备及性能研究

制备了长玻璃纤维（LGF）和短玻璃纤维（SGF）增强尼龙66（PA66）,考察了GF、GF分散剂、耐水解改性剂（MPP）对增强PA66性能的影响。结果表明,选择SGF可获得较好力学性能和表面质量的增强PA66;随着SGF含量的增加,材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度有大幅度的提高,冲击强度则先升高后降低;GF分散剂的加入改善了材料的表面质量;MPP的加入使材料的耐水解性有明显提高。     

Synthesis of glass fiber‐multiwall carbon nanotube hybrid structures for high‐performance conductive composites

The conductive polyamide 66 (PA66)/carbon nanotube (CNT) composites reinforced with glass fiber‐multiwall CNT (GF‐MWCNT) hybrids were prepared by melt mixing. Electrostactic adsorption was utilized for the deposition of MWCNTs on the surfaces of glass fibers (GFs) to construct hybrid reinforcement with high‐electrical conductivity. The fabricated PA66/CNT composites reinforced with GF‐MWCNT hybrids showed enhanced electrical conductivity and mechanical properties as compared to those of PA66/CNT or PA66/GF/CNT composites. A significant reduction in percolation threshold was found for PA66/GF‐MWCNT/CNT composite (only 0.70 vol%). The morphological investigation demonstrated that MWCNT coating on the surfaces of the GFs improved load transfer between the GFs and the matrix. The presence of MWCNTs in the matrix‐rich interfacial regions enhanced the tensile modulus of the composite by about 10% than that of PA66/GF/CNT composite at the same CNT loading, which shows a promising route to build up high‐performance conductive composites. POLYM. COMPOS. 34:1313–1320, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Crystallization behavior of PP/PP‐g‐MAH/GFR PA66 blends: Establishment of their continuous‐cooling‐transformation of relative crystallinity diagrams

Polypropylene/polypropylene‐grafted‐maleic anhydride/glass fiber reinforced polyamide 66 (PP/PP‐g‐MAH/GFR PA 66) blends‐composites with and without the addition of polypropylene‐grafted‐maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MAH) were prepared in a twin screw extruder. The effect of the compatibilizer on the thermal properties and crystallization behavior was determined using differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The hold time was set to be equal to 5 min at 290°C. These conditions are necessary to eliminate the thermomechanical history in the molten state. The crystallization under nonisothermal conditions and the plot of Continuous‐Cooling‐Transformation of relative crystallinity diagrams of both PP and PA 66 components proves that PP is significantly affected by the presence of PP‐g‐MAH. From the results it is found that an abrupt change is observed at 2.5 wt % of PP‐g‐MAH as a compatibilizer and then levels off. In these blends, concurrent crystallization behavior was not observed for GFR PA66. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 1620–1626, 2007     

偶联剂对池窑法玻纤增强PA66性能的影响

用池窑法生产的高强短切玻璃纤维增强PA66，采用不同的偶联剂对玻璃纤维处理。通过试验验证及分析表明：玻纤增强PA66复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、硬度、简支梁冲击强度、热变形温度等性能比纯PA66都有不同程度的提高，玻纤质量分数在30％左右最佳；偶联剂A187在玻纤增强PA66中的辅助效果要优于偶联剂A1100。简单介绍了池窑法生产玻璃纤维的特点。     

汽车水室用增强PA66复合材料的研制

通过特殊的螺杆组合工艺,制备了汽车水室用增强尼龙( PA) 66复合材料,分别考察了螺杆组合、耐水解玻纤和耐水解剂对材料性能和表面质量的影响.结果表明,螺杆组合对玻纤的保留长度和分布影响显著.耐水解玻纤的加入大大提高了材料的耐水解性能,自制耐水解剂能有效地防止材料表面出现裂纹.所研制的增强PA66复合材料目前已成功用于...     

轴承保持架用PA66玻纤增强料的研究

本文介绍了轴承保持架用PA66增强料的配方及性能，研究了采用双螺杆混炼机生产PA66增强料的工艺及控制。分析了玻纤和改性剂对PA66增强料的拉伸强度，弯曲模量，冲击强度的影响，探讨了不同粘度PAA66对增强材料性能的影响，并将试验结果和国内外同类产品做了比较，其性能完全达到轴承保持架的使用要求。     

Toughness optimization of glass‐fiber reinforced PA 6/PA 66‐based composites: Effect of matrix composition and colorants

Mixing of polyamide 6 (PA 6) and polyamide 66 (PA 66) is integrated in the trend of development of new and improved materials by combination of different polymers and some reinforcing materials to polymer composites. The specific polymer composite PA 6/PA 66 reinforced with short glass‐fibers combines the good coloring of PA 6, and the small moisture absorption of PA 66. Technical applications of PA 6/PA 66 composites are mainly used in the automotive industry. Specific requirements of this industry lead to the necessity to optimize the material resistance against crack propagation of the PA 6/PA 66 composites, using mechanical and fracture mechanical methods. So, the present investigations focus on fracture mechanics toughness optimization of the PA 6/PA 66 composites, including unstable and stable crack growth. The aim of this toughness optimization is to find out the optimal mixing ratio of PA 6/PA 66. Applications of PA 6/PA 66 in the automotive industry and specific client wishes are the main reasons for black‐coloring of the PA materials. The influence of several black‐colorants (carbon black, nigrosine, spinel, iron oxide) on mechanical and fracture mechanical properties of the PA composites is also investigated using fracture mechanical methods. As experimental fracture mechanical method, preferentially, the instrumented Charpy impact test (ICIT) and the new cut method to determine the stable crack growth of glass‐fiber reinforced materials was used. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Recycling of blends of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) and polyamide

The aim of this work is to evaluate routes to upgrade recycled engineering plastics, especially mixed plastics with acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymers (ABS) as the major component. A core‐shell impact modifier was successfully used to improve the impact strength of blends of ABS and ABS/polycarbonate (PC) blends recycled from the automotive industry. However, the presence of other immiscible components like polyamide (PA), even in small amounts, can lead to a deterioration in the overall properties of the blends. A styrene–maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer and other commercial polymer blends were used to promote the compatibilization of ABS and PA. The core‐shell impact modifier was again found to be an efficient additive with regard to the impact strength of the compatibilized ABS/PA blends. The results obtained with fresh material blends were quite promising. However, in blends of recycled ABS and glass‐fiber‐reinforced PA, the impact strength did not exhibit the desired behavior. The presence of poorly bonded glass fibers in the blend matrix was the probable reason for the poor impact strength compared with that of a blend of recycled ABS and mineral‐filled PA. Although functionalized triblock rubbers (SEBS–MA) can substantially enhance the impact strength of PA, they did not improve the impact strength of ABS/PA blends because the miscibility with ABS is poor. The possibilities of using commercial polymer blends to compatibilize otherwise incompatible polymer mixtures were also explored giving promising results. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2535–2543, 2002     

高分子相容剂对玻璃纤维增强PA66性能的影响

研究了高分子相容剂(PE-g-MAH和POE-g-MAH)对干态和湿态下玻璃纤维增强尼龙66(PA66)性能的影响。结果表明:在干态和湿态下,随着相容剂用量的增加,两种高分子相容剂都能使玻璃纤维增强PA66的冲击强度增大,而使其拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量降低,其中POE-g-MAH增韧效果更为明显;吸水率随相容剂用量的增加而缓慢下降,但相容剂种类对吸水率影响较小。     

硼酸锌对氮磷协效阻燃玻纤增强尼龙66性能的影响

为提高三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)和二乙基次膦酸盐(OP)协效阻燃玻纤(GF)增强尼龙66(PA66)的综合性能,引入少量的无机阻燃剂硼酸锌(ZB)作为协效剂,系统研究了不同添加量的ZB对阻燃材料的阻燃性能、热稳定性、力学性能和白度的影响。结果表明,当MPP和OP的总添加量为15%,复配0.5%的ZB时,阻燃GF增强PA66的垂直燃烧阻燃等级达到UL94 V–0级,且热释放总量由MPP/OP体系的15.4 k J/g降为13.7 k J/g;ZB的引入促进了连续、致密炭层的形成,增强了凝聚相阻燃;ZB增强了阻燃材料的热稳定性,ZB复配量为1.0%的阻燃材料的初始降解温度提高到了301℃,有效避免了加工过程中的降解;当ZB添加量为1.0%时,阻燃材料的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度分别为100.9 MPa和4.22 k J/m~2,均优于未添加阻燃剂的纯GF增强PA66;同时,样品的白度得到了明显提升,有利于阻燃GF增强PA66的工业化应用。     

长玻璃纤维增强PA66复合材料的综合性能及其影响因素研究

利用定制的熔融浸渍装置制备了长玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺66(PA66/LGF)复合材料,并对其力学性能、界面黏结性等进行了表征,探讨了玻璃纤维含量、润滑剂含量、相容剂含量以及切粒长度等因素对复合材料性能的影响,得到了PA66/LGF复合材料优化的配方设计与切粒长度.结果表明,当玻璃纤维含量为43％(质量分数,下同)、切粒长度...     

浸润剂对短切玻纤增强尼龙66性能影响的研究

利用双螺杆挤出机制备短玻纤增强尼龙66（GF／PA66）复合材料,采用不同组成的浸润剂处理玻璃纤维,研究其对GF／PA66的微观结构及性能的影响。结果表明,在T435D中加入乙烯基树脂或三聚氰胺后,玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、简支梁冲击强度均有不同程度的提高,并通过扫描电镜观察到PA66基体与玻纤相界面的微观结构在一定程度上得到了改善,但在T435D中加入三聚氰胺在三种浸润剂配方中效果最佳。     

反应性挤出尼龙66增强和增韧研究

运用反应挤出技术对尼龙66（PA66）进行增强增韧改性，采用双螺杆挤出机作为反应器，同时完成玻璃纤维增强和弹性体就地增容、增韧反应，简化了工艺，提高生产效率。通过力学性能测试及扫描电镜分析，结果表明在加工过程中PA66与弹性体发生了原位增容反应，生成了马来酸酐嵌段共聚物，增加了界面强度，改性后的PA66冲击强度提高，而且具有良好的挤出和注射成型加工性能。     

长玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料性能的研究

在自制装置中用硅烷偶联剂KH550对长玻纤(LGF)进行表面处理后,采用熔融共混法制备了尼龙66/长玻纤复合材料。采用微机全自动热膨胀系数测定仪记录了玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料的热膨胀曲线,分析了玻纤含量、温度对复合材料热膨胀系数的影响,结果表明,随着玻纤含量的增加,复合材料的热膨胀系数显著下降,最大降低了74.2%;随着温度的升高,复合材料的热膨胀系数先增大后减小最后趋于平衡,转折温度在37℃左右。测试了复合材料的力学性能,结果显示复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和缺口冲击强度随玻纤含量的增加而大幅度提高,最大分别增加了173%、186%和283%。通过扫描电镜观察到玻纤嵌入尼龙66基体中,与尼龙66形成了良好的界面黏结。     

Effects of polyamide 6 incorporation to the short glass fiber reinforced ABS composites: an interfacial approach

The properties of 30 wt% short glass fiber (SGF) reinforced acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) terpolymer and polyamide 6 (PA6) blends prepared with extrusion were studied using the interfacial adhesion approach. Work of adhesion and interlaminar shear strength values were calculated respectively from experimentally determined interfacial tensions and short beam flexural tests. The adhesion capacities of glass fibers with different surface treatments of organosilanes were evaluated. Among the different silanes tested, γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) was found to be the best coupling agent for the glass fibers, possibly, because of its chemical compatibility with PA6. Tensile test results indicated that increasing amount of PA6 in the polymer matrix improved the strength and stiffness of the composites due to a strong acid–base interaction at the interface. Incorporation of PA6 to the SGF reinforced ABS reduced the melt viscosity, broadened the fiber length distributions and increased the toughness of the composites. Fractographic analysis showed that the incorporation of PA6 enhanced the interactions between glass fibers and the polymeric matrix.     

Mechanical and tribological properties of PA66/PPS blend. III. Reinforced with GF

Based on previous work, 70 vol % PA66/30 vol % PPS blend was selected as a matrix, and the PA66/PPS blend reinforced with different content of glass fiber (GF) was prepared in this study. The mechanical properties of PA66/PPS/GF composites were studied, and the tribological behaviors were tested on block‐on‐ring sliding wear tester. The results showed that 20–30 vol % GF greatly increases the mechanical properties of PA66/PPS blend. When GF content is 20 vol %, the friction coefficient of composite is the lowest (0.35), which is decreased by 47% in comparison with the unfilled blend. The wear volume of the GF‐reinforced PA66/PPS blend composite decreases with the increase of GF content. However, the wear‐resistance is not apparently improved by the addition of GF in the experimental range for comparison with unfilled PA66/PPS blend. The worn surface and the transfer film on the counterface were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observations revealed that the friction coefficient of composite depends on the formation and development of a transfer film. The wear mechanism involves polymer matrix wear and fiber wear. The former consists of melting wear and plastic deformation of the matrix, while the latter includes fiber sliding wear, cracking, rupturing, and pulverizing. The contributions of the matrix wear and the fiber wear determine the ultimate wear volume of PA66/PPS/GF composite. In addition, the abrasive action caused by the ruptured glass fiber is also a very important factor. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 523–529, 2006