Effect of LiF on Densification and Mechanical Properties of Dy-α-Sialon Ceramics

The effect of LiF on the densification and mechanical properties of hot-pressed Dy-α-sialon ceramics was studied. Comparatively, without LiF as sintering additive, the pure Dy-α-sialon ceramic should be sintered at 1750 ℃. When LiF is used, the sintering temperature of the Dy-α-sialon is greatly lowered to 1500～1650 ℃. Obviously, the addition of LiF has a strong effect on the improvement in densification. Meanwhile, the resultant Dy-α-sialon has no significant changes in the mechanical properties.     

Nd-Fe-B磁体烧结致密化过程的研究

定量描述了Nd-Fe-B磁体的烧结致密化过程, 分析了有效稀土含量、合金粉末粒度与烧结致密化过程的关系, 讨论了Nd-Fe-B磁体烧结过程的致密化机制. Nd-Fe-B磁体烧结致密化过程可分为3个阶段, 即致密化过程迅速进行阶段、缓慢进行阶段、相对稳定阶段;随着烧结温度的上升, 第一阶段表现得更为突出, 第二阶段对应的烧结时间区段大大缩短. 有效稀土含量的提高、合金粉末粒度的减小显著促进Nd-Fe-B磁体烧结致密化过程. 主相颗粒重排以及主相颗粒长大与形状适位性变化是Nd-Fe-B磁体烧结过程的两类主要致密化机制, 而且后者对于Nd-Fe-B烧结磁体实现完全致密化起着决定性的作用.     

Effect of Ceria on Structure and Thermostability of Copper-Iron-Oxide Catalyst

Ｃｏｐｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅａｎｄｉｒｏｎｏｘｉｄｅａｒｅｔｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎ ａｌｏｘｉｄｉｚｉｎｇｃａｔａｌｙｓｔｓ.Ｔｈｅｉｒｍｉｘｔｕｒｅｓａｒｅｇｏｏｄｃａｔａｌｙｓｔｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｐｕｒｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｗａｓｔｅｇａｓｅｓ,ｅｓ ｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙｅｘｃｅｌｌｅｎｔｆｏｒｃａｔａｌｙｚｉｎｇｔｈｅｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｎｉｔｒｏｇｅｎｏｘｉｄｅｂｙｃａｒｂｏｎｏｘｉｄｅａｎｄｔｈｅｏｘｉ ｄａｔｉｏｎｏｆｎｉｔｒｏｇｅｎｏｘｉｄｅｂｙｏｘｙｇｅｎ .Ｒｅｃｅｎｔｒｅ ｓｕｌｔｓａｂｏｕｔｔｈｅｓ…     

Research on Calcium Doped Ceria Used in Intermediate-Temperature SOFCs Anodes

As a mixed ion-electronic conductor, doped ceria, especially rare earth doped ceria, were used as anodes or components of anodes in SOFCs. In this work, calcium doped ceria (CCO) was synthesized to be used in intermediate-temperature SOFCs (IT-SOFCs) anodes in order to reduce the cost of anode-supported SOFCs. Electrical conductivity of 20% calcium doped ceria (20CCO) reached 0.209 S·cm-1 in hydrogen at 850 ℃, and 0.041 S·cm-1 in air at 800 ℃, which is about 0.04 S·cm-1 lower than that of conventional samaria-doped ceria (0.079 S·cm-1). Electrochemical performance of Ni-20CCO cermet as anode was investigated using a fuel cell with 35 μm-thick SDC electrolyte and Sm0.5Sr0.5Co-SDC cathode. Maximum power density was 623 mW·cm-2 under humidified (3% H2O) hydrogen at 650 ℃, inferring high catalytic activity of the Ni-20CCO anode.     

Effect of Y2O3, CeO2 on Sintering Properties of Si3N4 Ceramics

The effect of rare earth oxides Y203 or Ce02 on sintering properties of Si3N4 ceramics was studied and the mechanism of assisting action during sintering was analyzed. The results in dicate that the best sintering properties appear in Si3N4 ceramics with 5% Y203 or 8% CeO2. Secondary crystallites are formed at grain boundaries after heat treatment,which decreases the amount of glass phase and contributes to the improvement of high-temperature mechanical properties of silicon nitride.     

Effects of MgO on Properties of La2O3-TiO2 Ceramics

The influence of MgO on sintering and dielectric properties of La2O3-TiO2 ceramics was investigated, and the mechanism also discussed. The results show that La2O3-TiO2 ceramics with MgO can be sintered between 1200 and 1280 ℃. With the increasing of the MgO, the dielectric constant of the material decreases, but the temperature coefficient of dielectric constant increases. Between 1 and 40 MHz,     

Effects of MgO on Properties of La_2O_3-TiO_2 Ceramics

Effects of MgO on Properties of La_2O_3-TiO_2 Ceramics     

Influence of Additives Ceria and Lanthana on Performance of Pd／Al／Monolith Honeycomb Catalysts

The effects of ceria and lanthana additives on activity and thermal stabilization of the catalysts for CO oxidation were studied. The results show that the addition of CeO2 clearly improves the catalytic activity, which may derive from the synergic effect between CeO2 and PdO. The catalysts were characterized by means of temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. The XPS results of a slight increase in metal oxidation state reflect that the charge transfers from metal to ceria and ceria is slightly reduced, which leads to a decrease of the Ce-O bond strength. Pd-Ce synergism affects the reduction behavior of the catalysts. The TPR results show that the CeO2 ad-dition lowers the reduction temperature of PdO, while palladium facilitates the reduction of the ceria. For PdO/La2O3/Al2O3/monolith honeycomb catalysts, the aging test measurements at 1050 ℃ and the XRD results show that the formation of LaAlO3 which neutralizes the surface alumina defects inhibits the sintering of alumina.     

Influence of Nanometric Ceria Coating on Oxidation Behavior of Chromium at 900 ℃

Isothermal and cyclic oxidation behaviors of chromium samples with and without nanometric CeO2 coating were studied at 900 ℃ in air. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) were used to examine the morphology and microstructure of the oxide film. It was found that ceria coating greatly improved the oxidation resistance of Cr both in isothermal and cyclic oxidizing experiments. Acoustic emission (AE) technique was used in situ to monitor the cracking and spalling of oxide film, and AE signals were analyzed in time-domain and number-domain according to related oxide fracture model. Laser Raman spectrometer was also used to study the stress of oxide film formed on Cr with and without ceria. The improvement in oxidation resistance of chromium is believed mainly due to that ceria greatly reduced the growth speed and grain size of Cr2O3. This fine-grained Cr2O3 oxide film might have better high temperature plasticity and could relieve parts of the compressive stress by means of creeping and maintained ridge character and relatively lower level of internal stress. Meanwhile, ceria application reduced the size and number of interfacial defects, remarkably enhanced the adhesive property of Cr2O3 oxide scale formed on Cr substrate.     

Application of Ceria and Lanthana in Catalyst for Cleansing Exhaust Gas of Car

The importanCe of rare earths being applied in the catalyst for cleansing the exhaust gas out of car was introduced. The acting mechanism of ceria and lanthana in catalyst and its influencing factors were discussed, and its prospect was forecasted. Pt-Rh precious metals three-way catalyst is widely used for decontaminating the exhaust gas of car now. Ceria and lanthana, which can decrease the content of Pt-Rh and increase the content of Pd in the catalyst, are used as additive in the decontaminating catalyst in order to solve the problem of the supply and demand of Pt and Rh.It is reported that increasing the activity of the coat on catalyst, regulating automatically the ratio of air and fuel, acting as catalyst-accelerator, and improving its properties such as thermal stability and strength may primarily amount for the catalyzing, mechanism of ceria and lanthana. The factors, such as their interaction, additive methods, and effects of cocatalyst ZrO2, CuO, AgO, etc. , will remarkably influence the catalyzing function of ceria and lanthana.     

Influence of Nanometric Ceria Coating on Oxidation Behavior of Chromium at 900 ℃

Isothermal and cyclic oxidation behaviors of chromium samples with and without nanometric CeO2 coating were studied at 900℃ in air. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and high-resolution electron microscopy （HREM） were used to examine the morphology and microstructure of the oxide film. It was found that ceria coating greatly improved the oxidation resistance of Cr both in isothermal and cyclic oxidizing experiments. Acoustic emission （AE） technique was used in situ to monitor the cracking and spalling of oxide film, and AE signals were analyzed in time-domain and number-domain according to related oxide fracture model. Laser Raman spectrometer was also used to study the stress of oxide film formed on Cr with and without ceria. The improvement in oxidation resistance of chromium is believed mainly due to that ceria greatly reduced the growth speed and grain size of Cr2O3. This fine grained Cr2O3 oxide film might have better high temperature plasticity and could relieve parts of the compressive stress by means of creeping and maintained ridge character and relatively lower level of internal stress. Meanwhile, ceria application reduced the size and number of interfacial defects, remarkably enhanced the adhesive property of Cr2O3 oxide scale formed on Cr substrate.     

Influence of Composition on Properties of Medium Temperature Sintering （Ba, Sr）TiO3 Series Capacitor Ceramics

The influence of the composition (Yb2O3, MgO, CeO2, Li2CO3) on the dielectric properties of medium temperature sintering (Ba,Sr)TiO3(BST) series capacitor ceramics was investigated by means of conventional technology process and orthogonal design experiments. The major secondary influencing factors and the influencing tendency of various factor′s levels for the dielectric properties of BST ceramics were obtained. The optimum formula for maximum dielectric constant (ε) and for minimum dielectric loss (tanδ) was obtained under the experimental conditions. The BST ceramics with optimum comprehensive properties was obtained by means of orthogonal design experiments, with the sintering temperature at 1200 ℃, the dielectric constant 5239, the dielectric loss 0.0097, withstand electric voltage over 6 MV·m-1, capacitance temperature changing rate (ΔC/C) -75.67%, and suited for Y5V character. The mechanism of the influence of various components on the dielectric properties of medium temperature sintering BST ceramics was studied, thus providing the basis for preparation of multilayer capacitor ceramics and single-chip capacitor ceramics.     

Preparation of Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Transparent Ceramics by Homogeneous Precipitation Method

Neodymium-doped yttriumaluminumgarnet(Nd∶YAG)transparent polycrystalline ceramics,laser ce-ramic matrix materials,are gradually becomingsubsti-tutes for single crystals because they are provided withpredominantly chemical stability,highly doped ionconcentration,excellent optical performance and hightemperature stability[1,2].Presently,the conventionallyused methods to produce Nd∶YAG powders are solid-state processes[3],chemical precipitation methods[4,5]andlowtemperature combustiontechniqu…     

Study on Ferroelectric and Dielectric Properties of La-Doped CaBi4Ti4O15-Based Ceramics

Research on bismuthlayer structuredferroelectricceramics as piezoelectric material with high Curie tem-perature ,strong anisotropic characters ,lowdielectricdissipationfactor and lowaging rate has attracted in-creasing interest[1,2].It can be used to manu…     

烧结条件对TiO_2压敏陶瓷性能的影响

本文研究了烧结温度和保温时间对TiO2压敏陶瓷微观结构和电学性能的影响;用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了样品的微现形貌;用X射线衍射(XRD)表征了样品的物相、晶体结构.结果表明:用一次直接烧结法制备的TiO2压敏陶瓷,以1350℃烧结2h样品的性能最佳,具有最优微结构和性能.烧结温度与保温时间两者之间在一定程度上相互制约,因此必须严格控制最高烧成温度和保温时间,在一定烧结条件下获得致密的微观结构以及较好的电学特性.     

Preparation and Upconversion Luminescence of Y3Al5O12∶Yb3+, Er3+ Transparent Ceramics

YAG:1% (atom fraction) Yb3 , 0.5% (atom fraction) Er3 transparent ceramics were fabricated by the solid state reaction method using high-purity Y2O3, Al2O3, Yb2O3, and Er2O3 powders as starting materials. The mixed powder compact was sintered at 1760 ℃ for 6 h in vacuum and annealed at 1500 ℃ for 10 h in an air atmosphere. The ceramics consisted of about 10 μm grains and exhibited a pore-free structure. The optical transmittance of the ceramics at 1064 nm was nearly 80%. Upconversion emissions were investigated on the ceramics pumped by a 980 nm continuous wave diode laser, and strong green emission centered at 523 and 559 nm and red emission centered at 669 nm were observed, which originated from the radiative transitions of 2H11/2→4I15/2, 4S3/2→4I15/2, and 4F9/2→4I15/2 of Er3 ions, respectively.     

Study on BaO-Sm2O3-TiO2 Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Doped with Bismuth and Zinc

BaO-Sm2O3-TiO2 microwave dielectric ceramics doped with Bi and Zn was studied. The experiment was based on BST microwave dielectric ceramics doped with Bi2O3, which is shown by Ba4(Sm1-yBiy)28/3Ti18O54. When y=0.15, ZnO was added and the effects of ZnO on this system were studied. The result shows that the dielectric characteristics of BST microwave dielectric ceramics are the most excellent when the content of ZnO is 3%, and the optimal sintering temperature is 1200 ℃.     

Effect of Additive on Microstructure of Transparent YAG Ceramics

Crystallineyttriumaluminumgarnet (Y3 Al5O12 )isanimportantlasermaterialduetoitssuperioropti calandmechanicalproperties[1,2 ] .NeodymiumdopedYAGisusedwidelyaslaserhostmaterialinvarioussolidstatelasers .SingleYAGcrystalsaregenerallysynthesizedbyCzochralskim…     

Fabrication of Transparent Polycrystalline Yttria Ceramics by Combination of SPS and HIP

Transparent polycrystalline yttria is a promising optical ceramics with excellent physical and chemical properties. A commercial yttria powder with a mean particle size of 1.0 μm and narrow size distribution was selected as the starting material. Transparent polycrystalline yttria ceramics without any additives were successfully prepared by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1700 ℃ for 2 h under the pressure of 200 MPa in Ar following spark plasma sintering (SPS). The as-prepared specimens consist of uniform grains of ～40 μm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show their pore-free structure. The influences of the yttria powder and sintering process on the properties of the yttria ceramics, including the microstructure and optical properties, were further investigated in our study.     

Effect of Rare Earths on Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Si3N4-based Ceramics

Si3N4-hased ceramics exhibit excellentproperties such as high strength, high corro..sion resistance, high fire resisting property andhigh thermal shock resistance. However, up tonow, the application of St3N4-based ceramicsis still limited by their poor ductility, lowtoughness and stability. Adding fiber or whisher into ceramic matrix is a useful tougheningmethod, but fiber and whisker are costly and itis difficult to homogenize them in ceramic matrix. Furthermore, ceramic powders can not fill…