PAMAM改性沸石及其在印染废水处理中的应用研究

介绍了聚酰胺-胺(4.0G PAMAM)树形分子改性沸石的制备,并用制备的改性沸石处理实际印染废水。研究了改性沸石的投加量、作用时间、溶液的酸度、作用温度等对废水CODCr和色度去除率的影响。研究表明在最佳的试验条件下,印染废水的CODCr和色度去除率分别达到86.2%和93.7%。     

荧光性聚酰胺-胺树形分子在潜指纹显现中的应用研究

本文系统研究了不同条件(树形分子代数、浓度、浸泡时间等)下荧光性聚酰胺-胺树形分子(PAMAM)水溶液作为荧光探针对锡纸、透明胶带等基底上油印潜指纹的显现效果.结果发现PAMAM树形分子可以和指纹残留物进行靶向结合.结合到指纹纹线上的该荧光性纳米材料在暗室中365 nm紫外光的激发下发出明亮的蓝色荧光,指印纹线与基底反差大、指纹易于辨认,且操作简单,试剂完全环保无污染.这些结果表明PAMAM水溶液是一种潜在的优良的指纹显现试剂.最后,把PAMAM树形分子水溶液对指纹的显现效果进行量化处理,乳突纹与基底间的灰度对比度达到90%以上.     

聚酰胺-胺树形分子荧光性能研究及其在指纹识别领域应用初探

研究了不同温度、浓度、pH值条件下,不同代数、不同端基类型(酯端基和胺端基)的PAMAM(聚酰胺-胺)树形分子的强荧光发射性能.PAMAM树形分子发射强荧光是沿树形结构方向的酰胺基团中的n→π*跃迁和其密实的球状结构共同作用的结果.树形分子的荧光强度在低pH值或者低温条件下大幅度提高,并且在稀溶液中与浓度成线性关系,在高浓度或者高代数条件下逐渐偏离线性关系.本文还对上述规律的内在机理进行了研究:第一,低pH值条件下,PAMAM树形分子内的叔胺基被氢离子质子化,酰胺荧光发射中心和叔胺基团之间的光诱导电子转移作用被抑制,甚至中断,因此荧光强度急剧升高;第二,随着温度升高,PAMAM树形分子的去活作用增强,荧光强度降低;第三,浓度超过临界点浓度后,由于浓度消光作用,PAMAM树形分子的荧光强度不再随浓度增加而线性增强.最后,将PAMAM树形分子水溶液用于锡纸上油印潜指纹的识别,经处理后的指纹在365 nm紫外光的激发下发射出蓝色荧光,潜指纹被成功地清晰识别.     

油墨废水处理研究进展

近年来,我国油墨行业得到了飞速发展,油墨废水的排放量也相应地急剧增加,废水一旦进入水体,会对水环境造成严重的污染,严重威胁着人类的生产生活和自然界的生态平衡,对油墨废水的处理必不可少。简单介绍了油墨的种类和油墨废水的成分,综述了近年来国内外关于油墨废水处理技术的研究现状,并展望了未来发展方向。     

PAMAM树枝状大分子在分离膜中的应用

PAMAM树枝状大分子具有典型的树枝状聚合物结构,其分子结构高度几何对称,分子结构可控,表面带有大量的氨基,内部含有空腔,同时表面官能团易修饰,近年来受到国内外研究者的广泛关注,在外刺激应答、纳米材料、光电器件、催化、生物等领域已经得到广泛的应用,其在分离膜领域的应用也备受关注。综述了PAMAM近年来在分离膜领域各个方向的研究进展,并对其对该领域的未来发展进行了展望。     

聚酰胺胺(PAMAM)树状大分子在涂料中的应用研究

介绍了聚酰胺胺（PAMAM）树状分子的独特结构和性能，综述了聚酰胺胺树状分子在涂料中的应用研究。     

聚酰胺-胺树形大分子的紫外光谱分析

以乙二胺为核,采用发散法合成了0．5G-2．5G聚酰胺-胺（PAMAM）树形大分子,并利用紫外分光光度计对其进行了分析。结果表明,0．5G-2．5GPAMAM在400am附近出现紫外吸收峰,溶液浓度和pH值对其紫外光谱均有影响。     

聚酰胺胺(PAMAM)树形分子用作乳化炸药的稳定剂

用PAMAM树形分子作稳定剂制成了一种新型的乳化炸药,并用高低温循环及室温贮存的电导率测试、扫描电镜等技术对其稳定性作了表征.结果表明,用PAMAM稳定后的乳化炸药具有很好的稳定性,对该乳化炸药的爆速测试结果表明,添加PAMAM后的乳化炸药的爆速反而增加.同时,对此乳化炸药的稳定机理作了初步探讨.     

聚酰胺胺树形大分子的应用研究进展

介绍了聚酰胺胺树形大分子作为表面活性剂在生物医药、石油开采等领域中的应用,聚酰胺胺树形大分子在制备LB单层膜、自组装单层膜中的应用,以及在制备纳米材料模板、催化剂载体、污水处理絮凝剂、药物载体等方面的应用研究进展。     

树枝状大分子PAMAM—FBs合成及其在洗涤剂中的应用

三聚氯氰与4,4'-二氨基二苯乙烯-2,2'-二磺酸和2种氨基化合物经过三步缩合反应可得到三嗪基氨基二苯乙烯型荧光增白剂,作者用聚酰胺-胺G1.0(PAMAM)代替其中一种氨基化合物,合成聚酰胺-胺改性高分子荧光增白剂(PAMAM-FBs).实验显示,添加PAMAM-FBs的洗涤剂,增白性能以及耐光性均得到明显改善.确定了PAMAM-Ftks在液体洗涤剂中的适宜用量.     

利用污泥消化过程处理油墨废水试验

利用UASB反应器处理葡萄糖模拟废水中混入油墨废水和活性污泥中混入油墨废水,试验结果表明:油墨废水对产酸相细菌影响较小,对产甲烷相细菌影响较大,在污泥消化过程中降解油墨废水是可行的,污泥与油墨废水的混合比例为10∶1时,其色度去除率达80%,并提出了处理该类废水的工艺流程和运行参数。     

聚酰胺-胺树枝状高分子及其研究进展

介绍聚酰胺胺树枝状高分子的结构和性能,聚酰胺胺的特殊结构决定了其独特的物化性质。同时,对其合成方法、及其经改性后的树枝状高分子在生物医药、表面活性剂、催化剂、污水处理和膜材料等方面的应用研究进展进行了综述。     

酸析-电催化法处理水性油墨废水的试验研究

考察了酸析预处理对水性油墨废水CODCr的去除效果,并对酸析沉淀物进行了红外分析。探讨了通过电沉积法制备的未掺杂、掺杂Fe、掺杂Bi、掺杂Fe+Bi 4种钛基二氧化铅电极对酸析后的水性油墨废水的处理效果,对板间距、电解时间、电流密度和pH等工艺条件进行了优化。结果表明:酸析预处理对水性油墨废水具有较好的处理效果;掺杂Fe+Bi钛基二氧化铅电极板的电催化处理效果最好;最优工艺条件:pH为9,电流密度为30 mA/cm2,电解时间为210 min,板间距为1 cm。     

Postgrafting of vinyl polymers onto hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)-grafted nano-sized silica surface

To prepare polymer-grafted nano-sized silica with hydrophilic core and hydrophobic shell and with higher percentage of grafting, the postgraft polymerization of vinyl polymers onto hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)-grafted (PAMAM-grafted) nano-sized silica initiated by the system consisting of Mo(CO)₆ and terminal trichloroacetyl groups of PAMAM-grafted silica was investigated. The introduction of trichloroacetyl groups onto PAMAM-grafted silica surfaces was readily achieved by the reaction of trichloroacetyl isocyanate with terminal amino groups of PAMAM-grafted silica. It was found that the polymerization of vinyl monomers, such as methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene, and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was successfully initiated by the system consisting of Mo(CO)₆ and terminal trichloroacetyl groups of PAMAM-grafted silica. In the polymerization, the corresponding vinyl polymers were effectively postgrafted onto PAMAM-grafted silica, based on the propagation of polymer from surface radicals formed by the reaction of terminal trichloroacetyl groups with Mo(CO)₆: the percentage of PMMA postgrafting onto PAMAM-grafted silica reached to 400% after 30 min, but the formation of gel was observed after 35 min. The formation of gel tends to decrease by use of hyperbranched PAMAM-grafted silica with higher percentage of grafting. The vinyl polymer-postgrafted nano-sized silica gave a stable colloidal dispersion in various organic solvents.     

聚氧乙烯链封端的聚酰胺-胺树状聚合物的性质与应用

研究了聚氧乙烯链封端的非离子型聚酰胺-胺树状聚合物的热稳定性以及在造纸助留和催化剂载体上的应用。结果表明,该类树状聚合物具有较好的热稳定性,温度低于300℃无明显热分解行为,最大的热分解温度均为400℃。助留性能测试表明,M4.0G与P44复配双元助留体系(摩尔比1∶23.22),造纸助留率为89.2%,比空白造纸助留率分别提高了18.3%。纸样的物理机械特性:撕裂指数、撕裂强度、耐破指数、耐破强度和抗张指数比空白纸样分别提高了8.6%、1.5%、35.5%、29.6%和4.3%。TEM测试表明:以聚氧乙烯大单体(PEO-A)链封端的聚酰胺-胺树状聚合物样品封装的钯金属纳米粒子单分散性较好,粒径分布在0.75～2.4nm。     

Grafting of poly(acrylic acid) onto poly(amidoamine)-functionalized graphene oxide via surface-mediated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization

Graphene oxide was modified with third-generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) to obtain dendrimer-grafted GO (DGO) with high content of functional groups. DGO's amine groups were conjugated with S-(thiobenzoyl)thioglycolic acid as proved by XPS and poly(acrylic acid) was grafted onto surface via RAFT polymerization (DGO@PAA). FT-IR results approved the synthesis of samples whereas TGA revealed 40.3% grafting of PAA. XRD patterns showed that with further modification, d-spacing increased. According to Raman spectra, modification resulted in more disordered structure whereas DGO@PAA showed a high value of I_D/I_G. Morphological studies were performed by SEM and TEM that showed a polymeric layer covered the surface of nanosheets.     

3D printing of shape memory poly(d,l-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate) by direct ink writing for shape-changing structures

Four-dimensional (4D) printing of shape memory materials has attracted increasing interests for personalized structures. In this study, a biocompatible poly(d ,l -lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate) (PLMC) is utilized to fabricate 4D shape-changing structures with customized geometries through direct ink writing. The printed objects show shape transformations at different dimensions under thermal programming. The influence of the printing parameters on the properties including rheological, solvent evaporation, and static mechanical behavior are systematically investigated. A printing map is further depicted to achieve high-quality printing with high viscous ink flowed from micronozzle to construct various structures. The printed structures in one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional (3D) exhibit shape-changing behavior with fast response around body temperature. The fast responsive time shows potential in the field of surgical suture (4 s), nonwoven fabric (3 s), and self-expandable stent (35 s). The feasibility of 3D printing of PLMC opens the way for applications in shape-changing devices with small diameter. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48177.     

某包装公司水性油墨废水处理工艺设计与评价

水性油墨生产废水含有大量有机物、并且色度高、BOD/COD的比值低,不具备可直接生化条件,需要对水性油墨废水单独收集,单独预处理后,再进行生化处理。介绍了水性油墨生产废水处理工艺,并作出相关评价与建议     

印染废水生物处理技术进展

随着我国印染行业的发展,印染废水的水质和水量都发生了很大变化.本文评述了我国印染废水水质和水量的现状,分析了印染废水处理中常规生物处理技术(好氧处理技术、厌氧处理技术和厌氧.好氧处理技术)的发展,并阐述了印染废水处理中两种新型生物处理技术(生物强化技术和固定化微生物技术)的研究进展.     

Facile preparation of highly luminescent CdTe quantum dots within hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s and their application in bio-imaging

A new strategy for facile preparation of highly luminescent CdTe quantum dots (QDs) within amine-terminated hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s (HPAMAM) was proposed in this paper. CdTe precursors were first prepared by adding NaHTe to aqueous Cd²⁺ chelated by 3-mercaptopropionic sodium (MPA-Na), and then HPAMAM was introduced to stabilize the CdTe precursors. After microwave irradiation, highly fluorescent and stable CdTe QDs stabilized by MPA-Na and HPAMAM were obtained. The CdTe QDs showed a high quantum yield (QY) up to 58%. By preparing CdTe QDs within HPAMAM, the biocompatibility properties of HPAMAM and the optical, electrical properties of CdTe QDs can be combined, endowing the CdTe QDs with biocompatibility. The resulting CdTe QDs can be directly used in biomedical fields, and their potential application in bio-imaging was investigated.