影响化学钢化玻璃强度的因素

了解在化学钢化过程中影响玻璃强度的因素对提高化学钢化玻璃的性能非常重要。文章叙述了玻璃组成、盐浴成分、处理时间、处理温度对化学钢化玻璃强度的影响。     

化学钢化工艺对薄玻璃性能影响

薄玻璃由于其优越的性能广泛用于电子显示领域,为了增加其抗弯强度、抗冲击强度、使用安全性能和维氏硬度,需要对其进行化学钢化处理。化学钢化分为一次化学钢化和二次化学钢化两种工艺,采用二次化学钢化工艺制备的玻璃性能明显提高,钢化支架影响被钢化玻璃的质量,通过在支架上缠绕两层不同直径的高硅氧玻璃纤维丝,隔绝玻璃与钢化支架的直接接触,减少钢化后玻璃表面缺陷的产生,提高化学钢化的成品率和质量。     

碱性助剂对玻璃化学钢化性能的影响研究

本文以普通薄玻璃和KNO3为原料,采用低温离子交换法研究了KOH和K2 CO3对玻璃化学钢化效果的影响.利用X射线荧光光谱仪、维氏硬度计和扫描探针显微镜,观察了玻璃的成分变化、硬度变化和表面形貌.结果表明,在KNO3熔盐中添加KOH,破坏了玻璃的表面结构,降低了玻璃的硬度;在KNO3中添加质量比为9％的K2CO3,保温4h,维氏硬度达到672 HV.相比于纯KNO3熔剂,它可缩短2/3的钢化时间,起到了助剂作用.     

RO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2玻璃的钢化与力学性能(英文)

采用熔融法制备出了无碱型RO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃.研究了残余应力、钢化工艺以及样品尺寸对RO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃的弹性模量、剪切摸量、维氏硬度、弯曲强度和断裂韧性等力学性能的影响.结果表明:合适的钢化工艺和残余应力可以显著提高其弯曲强度和断裂韧性,但对其它力学性能影响较小.经钢化处理后的RO-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃的弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别达到了263 MPa和2.28MPa·m1/2.与没有经钢化处理的玻璃样品相比,分别提高到了4倍和235%.提出了1种新型的钢化工艺--非对称钢化工艺,对于在非对称载荷下服役的玻璃构件来说,非对称钢化工艺有可能在提高玻璃力学性能的同时还可以降低其自爆风险.     

玻璃板的连续钢化法

本发明是关于玻璃板的连续钢化法。玻璃板的钢化方法,有把玻璃板加热至其应变点以上急冷的热处理钢化法,以及由化学处理进行的离子交换钢化法,但通常多采用热处理钢化法。热处理钢化法中,先把由熔融玻璃成型后的玻璃板充分退火冷却,用切割机切断成所规定的尺寸和形状后,再进行钢化处理,即将玻璃板再次加热至应变点以上使之急冷。     

风冷钢化玻璃的自然破损

1玻璃的钢化方法 玻璃的钢化方法有两种,一个是将玻璃板加热到600℃以上,然后通过风冷使表面产生压缩应力的风冷钢化;另一个是用离子半径较大的钾（K）离子置换玻璃表面含有的钠离子（Na）的化学钢化。建筑物及车辆使用的钢化玻璃多为前者。     

专利文摘

正一种显示屏用化学钢化玻璃的钢化支架及其制作方法授权公告号:CN104649574B授权公告日:2018.08.28申请号:2015100754249申请日:2015.02.12同一申请的已公布的文献号:CN104649574A申请公布日:2015.05.27专利权人:秦皇岛玻璃工业研究设计院有限公司摘要:本发明公开了一种显示屏用化学钢化玻璃的钢化支架及其制作方法,所述钢化支架是由     

喷雾钢化玻璃技术的研究进展及验证

与化学钢化和物理钢化方法相比,喷雾钢化玻璃具有节能降耗、降低噪音和降低成本等一系列优点。但由于喷雾本身的复杂性,其换热机理与喷气淬冷钢化不同,受玻璃特殊的物理性质和现阶段测试手段的限制,所以实现喷雾淬冷钢化有着很大的技术难度。基于目前国内外相关研究结果,对钢化过程中的影响因素和喷雾冷却影响因素进行综述与分析,并通过试验验证了喷雾钢化玻璃的可行性。     

钢化真空玻璃在温差作用下的变形特征

钢化真空玻璃两侧存在温差是导致其弯曲失效的重要原因之一。通过钢化真空玻璃温差变形试验和数值模拟,得到不同尺寸的钢化真空玻璃(5+0.5V+5)在不同温差下的变形特征。结果表明:钢化真空玻璃受两侧温差形成的球面弯曲曲率半径与钢化玻璃基片的厚度成正比,与钢化玻璃基片的线膨胀系数及两侧温差成反比;钢化真空玻璃的变形量与钢化玻璃基片尺寸、温差大小及曲率半径呈正相关;同一温差下钢化真空玻璃变形量随长边尺寸增大而增大;数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合,相对误差在5%以内,能够为不同尺寸钢化真空玻璃在温差下的变形预测提供参考。     

显示屏用薄玻璃的化学钢化及性能分析

薄玻璃广泛应用于各类显示器件中。其特点是容易进行化学钢化,以提高显示器玻璃的使用寿命。采用钢化玻璃表面应力仪、维氏硬度计等研究化学钢化玻璃性能,并对制备参数进行优化,达到使用目的。     

碱铝硅酸盐玻璃化学强化关键影响因素概述

化学强化是一种玻璃机械强度增强方法,适用于异型、超薄、高碱、高膨胀玻璃增强,因新型超薄显示产品的屏幕保护玻璃发展需要,化学强化技术重新在碱铝硅酸盐玻璃品种掀起研究热潮。本文对化学强化本质及铝硅酸盐玻璃在屏幕保护玻璃应用进行了回顾,基于玻璃化学强化的高CS、DOL和低CT诉求,归纳总结了关键影响因素,第1,碱铝硅酸盐玻璃的成分及结构是基础,氧化铝有利玻璃网络孔隙增大创造交换通道,氧化钠或氧化锂是离子交换关键物质;第2,对于玻璃组成和结构设计,要求玻璃网络键合度R=O/Si或O/(Si+Al)满足2.15~2.40,碱金属氧化物质量分数大于13%且膨胀系数大于6×10^-6/℃;第3,在化学强化工艺方面,化学强化温度决定离子扩散系数,化学强化时间决定DOL,一步法仅能获得相对较大的CS,而DOL不很理想,只有两种离子参与交换的二步法才有利于CS和DOL同步提高。     

Coupling of diffusion and chemical stress: The case of ion exchange in glass

The chemical strengthening of glass results from an ion exchange process in which smaller alkali ions in a glass are replaced with larger alkali ions from a molten salt bath. This interdiffusion process leads to a buildup of chemical stress in the glass. However, traditional modeling of the ion exchange process has not fully accounted for interaction effects between mass diffusion and the chemical stress developed during the process. In this study, we develop the general theory of coupling between diffusion and stress, resulting in a single flux equation with a concentration- and stress-dependent interdiffusion coefficient. We apply the theory to the specific cases of chemically strengthened soda lime silicate and aluminosilicate glasses, demonstrating the impact of interaction terms on concentration profiles and interdiffusion coefficient. Following a phenomenological approach, this study demonstrates the effect of the interdiffusion on stress generation and vice versa to account for deviations from the simple expressions published hitherto in the literature.     

高硅铝比钾离子筛的合成及其对K+的交换性能

以NaA1O2、水玻璃为原料,KOH为碱源,利用水热法合成了高硅铝比钾离子筛.考察了硅铝比、碱度、模板剂、晶化温度和晶化时间对钾离子筛晶相结构、产率和交换容量的影响,通过X射线衍射、化学组成分析、扫描电镜、热重差热分析、Fourier红外光谱对样品进行了表征.结果表明:以四丁基溴化铵为模板剂,物质的量比为6.68K2O:19.3SiO2:1Al2O3:624H2O,120℃条件下合成12 h,获得的高硅铝比钾离子筛为钾型钙十字沸石,化学组成为Si21Al5.1K2.4Na2O55·8H2O;离子筛对纯钾溶液和海水中钾离子的交换量分别达123·22 mg/g和56.96 mg/g,对K+/Na+的选择性系数为95.46,可用于从海水中选择性分离钾盐.     

Chemical and electrical properties of the surface layers of some glass electrodes

Some sodium— and lithium—silicate pH responsive glasses exhibited a stepwise alkali ion profile with distance inwards towards the glass as a result of attack by aqueous solutions, ie, the average alkali ion concentration of the gel layer was low but increased rapidly within a transition region between the gel layer and the glass bulk. The electrical resistivity of the gel layer was a factor at least five times lower than that of the original glass. An extremely high electrical resistance in the transition region was found to be proportional to the chemical durability of the glass independent of hydration time. The smaller size of the lithium ion which favours stronger binding, compared with the sodium ion, as well as the action of the calcium ion in the sodium silicate network to block the sodium ion/hydrogen ion exchange were among the factors that increased the chemical durability by orders of magnitude. Equilibrium conditions were not reached for the deeper parts of the gel layers. The chemical durability of the glass increased in the same order as found for the ideal function of the glass electrode. The size of the electrical resistance of the transition region was thus useful for deducing glass compositions suitable for electrode purposes.     

KOH对离子交换增强硼硅酸盐玻璃性能的影响

采用低温型离子交换法对硼硅酸盐玻璃进行增强。以掺有添加剂KOH的KNO3混合熔盐作为离子交换源,研究KOH掺入量对硼硅酸盐玻璃抗折强度、显微硬度和透过率的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察离子交换后试样的表面形貌和结构。研究结果表明:KNO3熔盐中的WKOH/WKNO3为0.5时,硼硅酸盐玻璃的抗折强度和显微硬度都取得了最大值。     

Modification of E-glass fiber surfaces with polyacrylic acid polymers from an aqueous solution

The research reported in the article focuses on modifying glass fiber surfaces with polyacrylic acid (PAA) compounds. E-glass fibers were treated with aqueous polyacrylic acid solution. Polyacrylic acid exchanges its protons with the ions present in the glass surface. Hydrolyzed metal cations may form salt complexes with the dissociated polyacrylic acid. Angular dependent electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) demonstrated that the atomic concentrations of aluminum and calcium in the glass fiber surface were constant throughout the analyzed interval. The cation exchange property of glass fiber was studied using direct current plasma (DCP), which showed that both calcium and aluminum ions were extracted by low concentration polycrylic acid solutions. ESCA studies of were extracted by low concentrationb polyacrylic acid solutions. ESCA studies of the PAA-treated glass fiber showed that the amount of PAA of the glass surface increases with increased acid concentration. A broadened and shifted ESCA peak of the carbon (0 CO) indicates the formation of salt complexes between the polyacrylic acid and metal ions on the glass surface. Polyacrylie acid was modified by an esterification reaction with glycidyl acrylate (GA) in aqueous solution in order to insert organofuctional groups into the PAA chain.     

熔盐添加剂对玻璃离子交换和增强的影响

在工业纯KNO3中分别添加KOH,K3PO4,K2CO3,K2SiO3与Al2O3的混合物,研究了熔盐添加剂对浮法玻璃离子交换和增强的影响.用电子探针测试了玻璃表而的K+浓度;测定了样品的表面应力、弯曲强度和显微硬度.结果表明:上述添加剂町以增加离了交换层深度,缩短离子交换时间,明显提高玻璃的力学性能,其增强效果与分析纯KNO3的增强效果相当,甚至比后者好:在交换温度为450℃下,玻璃交换层厚度大于29μm,玻璃的力学性能为:表面应力>480MPa,弯曲强度>400MPa.显微硬度为6.49GPa.     

玻璃表面化学增强技术

玻璃的理论强度很高,但由于原料组成、熔化、成形和退火等各工艺过程的影响,玻璃的实际强度比理论值要低很多。采用表面化学增强技术,能够降低玻璃的表面缺陷,提升玻璃的力学强度、表面硬度、耐划伤等性能。玻璃表面化学增强技术有离子交换法、表面化学抛光、脱碱增强法、表面涂层增强、表面微晶化增强技术等方法,通过对上述方法的研究和对比分析,每种方法都有各自相应的特点和应用范围,这些方法拓宽了玻璃表面化学增强技术的研究和发展。     

Microstructure,cytocompatibility, and chemical durability of chemically strengthened LAS (Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2) glass-ceramic materials

The K⁺-Na⁺ ion exchange was used to strengthen LAS glass-ceramic materials prepared by hot-pressing sintering. The microstructure, cytocompatibility, and chemical durability of the chemically strengthened LAS glass-ceramics were characterized. The XRD results showed that the K⁺-Na⁺ ion exchange mainly occurred between the glass phase of the LAS glass-ceramics and molten salt baths. The ion-exchange process was mainly responsible for the improved chemical durability of the LAS glass-ceramics. The dissolution in acetic acid was significantly reduced from 72 to 15 μg·cm^?2 after the ion-exchange treatment, which was attributed to residual compressive stress and increased contents of Q³ and Q⁴ structural units in the surface region of the LAS glass-ceramics. In addition, the chemically strengthened LAS glass-ceramic samples exhibited good biocompatibility determined by the CCK-8 process using the L929 cell line, having a promising potential as dental restorative materials.