电流变体的粘弹性

电流变体是智能材料与结构中一种重要的致动器材料.本文对电流变体在电场作用下的粘弹性特性进行了实验研究.本文对电流变体进行了强制振荡试验,测试了流体在不同应力幅值、应 力频率下的剪切模量变化,得到了电流变体的复剪切模量以及剪切存储模量、损耗模量随外加电场变化的规律.     

智能复合材料结构的主动振动控制

本文提出应用电流变体(Electro-Rheological Fluids)材料作为复合材料结构振动主动控制的材料,针对含电流变体材料的智能复合材料悬臂梁,进行了振动的主动控制,测试了智能复合材料悬臂梁在外加电场作用下,弹性模量、衰减系数、固有频率等振动特性的变化,同时,针对不同的梁材料,给出了材料变化对梁振动控制的影响.     

电流变体特性及电流变体应用器件的进展

本文详细评述了电流变体(ERF)材料的组成、工作机理及其流变力学性能,提出以Bingham塑性体来近似描述电流变体的流变特性,综述了电流变体在智能材料、汽车离合器、液压阀门等器件中的应用,给出了含电流变体的双层智能复合材料梁单层、双层加电状态对其振动特性的影响,设计了含电流变体的主动控制式减振器,并对其在外加电场作用下的减振性能进行了评价。     

MAK-04型粘弹谱仪对电流变体动态力学性能的测试

介绍了法国METRAVIB公司MAK-04型粘弹谱仪对电流变体的测试,重点阐述了在不同电压及频率下得到的电流变体粘弹性性能随外加电压变化的规律。     

电流变体研究进展

电流变体是具有高介电常数的固体微粒分散于低介电常数的绝缘液体中所形成的一类稳定胶状悬浮液。这类悬浮液在外加电场的作用下 ,具有在液体和固体之间进行快速可逆转变的特性 ,因此成为一类发展较快的智能材料 ,在汽车、通用机械及机电一体化等领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文概述了电流变现象、电流变体的工作机理及材料的研究近况 ,并介绍了电流变体的工程应用现状 ,同时提出了在今后的研究中需要重点解决的问题     

电流变体研究进展

电流变体是具有高介电常数的固体微粒分散于低介电常数的绝缘液体中所形成的一类稳定胶状悬浮液。这类悬浮液在外加电场的作用下，具有在液体和固体之间进行快速可逆转变的特性，因此成为一类发展较快的智能材料，在汽车、通用机械及机电一体化等领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文概述了电流变现象、电流变体的工作机理及材料的研究近况，并介绍了电流变体的工程应用现状，同时提出了在今后的研究中需要重点解决的问题。     

电场磁场对电流变液体减振器性能影响的研究

由于电流变液和磁流变液具有良好的可控性能和力学性能而在工程上具有广阔的应用前景.本文将其用于环形间隙通道外置的双缸电流变液体减振器.同时,对电流变液减振器在同时外加电场和垂直磁场作用下阻尼力的变化进行了理论研究和台架实验研究.结果表明,在外加电场和垂直磁场作用下,电流变效应得到加强,改善了减振器的示功特性.     

碳纳米管光致电流的机理探究

将碳纳米管长丝搭接在两个电极之间,在光照情况下,测量了不同照射位置和不同偏压下的电流变化,探索碳纳米管光致电流的机理。光致电流的产生机理分为两步:一是碳纳米管内部的肖特基结在光照情况下光生载流子的产生;二是在自身的扩散和外加电场的作用下光生载流子的运动。     

电流变弹性体夹层结构梁的动力学仿真研究

对电流变弹性体夹层悬臂梁在不同电场控制下的振动响应特性和可控性进行研究。将电流变弹性体等效为一种具有电控力学性能的粘弹性阻尼材料,基于Hamilton原理建立了三层电流变弹性体夹层梁的有限元动力学方程,仿真分析了其在不同外加电场控制下的振动特性。分析结果显示,随着外加电场强度的增加,电流变弹性体夹层梁的固有频率不断增大,振动幅值却不断减小。表明电流变弹性体夹层梁具有与电流变液夹层梁相似的可控振动响应特性,能在外加电场作用下实现对结构振动的实时控制。     

酮醛树脂盐类电流变体的研制

电流变体是近年来新兴的一个领域,由于其广阔的应用前景电流变体材料已成为智能材料研究的热点.ER液体的流变性能在外电场作用下可发生类液-固相的转变,并且这种转变是可控、可逆并且瞬间完成的,因此,ER流体己成为目前结构智能化控制及高性能的机电一体化技术的首选材料[1].目前,电流变体未能达到工业设计的要求,是导致电流变技术研究进展缓慢的关键,所以,研制综合高性能电流变体是目前的当务之急.     

Gelation of chitin and chitosan dispersed suspensions under electric field: effect of degree of deacetylation

Herein, the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) on the gelation of the chitosan dispersed suspension as an electrorheological (ER) fluid under an electric field is presented. The fluids were prepared by dispersing the chitin and the chitosan particles having various DDs into silicone oil, and they were evaluated under various electric fields. The alignment of chitosan particles in the fluid was also observed using an optical microscope under the electric field. The formed fibrous structure between electrodes are though to continue to the viscosity increase, because an attempt to move one electrode relative to the order would be hindered by the drag of the dangling fibrils. A noteworthy result is that the region of the frequency for gel state of the ER fluids increased in the order of chitosan DD 99.3, 93.4, 73.2, 83.8, and 87.3% under electric fields while the modulus of the fluids increased in the reverse order. This order was well-matched with the result of dielectric constants and yield stresses of ER fluids. The study of influence of DD on the gelation of the chitosan dispersed suspension under an electric field shows the relevance of the chemical composition of the heteropolysaccharide (chitin-chitosan copolymer) to the rheological and electric properties of ER suspensions.     

Sol-Gel Preparation of Graphite/TiO2 Composite Particles and Their Electrorheological Effect

Graphite/TiO2 composite particles were obtained by sol-gel technique in this paper. The structure and characteristic of the composite particles are analyzed by XRD, SEM and TG-DTA. The electrorheological properties of the ER fluid containing the particles were measured by a Couette-type rheometer under shear rates of 1～136 s-1 and AC electric fields of 0～3 kV/mm. The experimental results show that the leaking current density of the ER fluid is higher than that of pure titanium dioxide particles dispersed in damping oil. The shear yield stress of the ER fluid increases with increasing electric field and exhibits a typical Bingham flow behavior. The suspension demonstrates an excellent ER performance (τ/τ0=1200) compared with conventional ER fluids (τ/τ0 ≤500). The sedimentation of the ER fluid is improved obviously due to the coating effect of the particles.     

Silica nanoparticle decorated conducting polyaniline fibers and their electrorheology

Polyaniline (PANI) fibers as well as silica nanoparticle decorated PANI (silica-PANI) fibers were successfully synthesized as a dispersed phase of an electrorheological (ER) fluid. The fibers obtained through interfacial polymerization were about 300-400 nm in diameter and 2-5 μm long. Then the fibers were redispersed in ethanol containing tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), and silica nanoparticles were formed on the surface of the fibers through a modified Stöber method. The ER characteristics of the ER fluids based on pure PANI fibers and silica-PANI fibers were examined under various electric field strengths using a rotational rheometer, demonstrating slight different flow curves for the silica-based ER fluid.     

The influence of solid-phase concentration on the performance of electrorheological fluids in dynamic squeeze flow

The yield stress of electrorheological (ER) fluids increases by orders of magnitude when electric field is applied across them. In the absence of the field, ER fluids behave as Newtonian fluids. This paper is concerned with an experimental investigation to determine the rheological performance of ER fluids, consisting of a dielectric liquid carrier with a range of solid-phase concentration. The ER fluid was contained in a squeeze cell, which during motion subjects the fluid to both compressive and tensile loading. The results were analysed in terms of the capacity for the transmission of imposed forces across the fluid and showed a great dependence on the applied D.C voltage and the weight fraction of the dispersed solid-phase. In addition, the implications of the results to vibration control, where the ER fluid is employed in an engine mount, are discussed.     

Electroactive response of mesoporous silica and its nanocomposites with conducting polymers

Electroactive response of suspensions of mesoporous silica and its nanocomposites with conducting polyaniline and copolyaniline inside its channels were examined under an electric field, mainly focusing on their rheological characteristics. Initially these conducting polymer/mesoporous silica nanocomposites were synthesized and their physical properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and N₂-adsorption isotherm. Then, mesoporous silica and its nanocomposites were dispersed in silicone oil as an electrorheological (ER) material. Typical ER behaviors of shear stress and shear viscosity curves as a function of electric field and shear rate were observed. Without an electric field, the suspensions behaved almost like a Newtonian fluid. However, under an electric field, their shear stresses increased with shear rate, demonstrating a yield stress. Compared with mesoporous silica and polyaniline, polyaniline/mesoporous silica-based ER fluid showed enhanced ER performance due to the anisotropic characteristics. In addition, it was found that a suggested shear stress model (Cho–Choi–Jhon model) well described the flow curves.     

含电流变体砂浆复合梁结构振动固有频率的理论研究

以修正的RL线弹簧模型为基础，通过定义等效裂纹长度，建立了含电流变体的砂浆复合悬臂梁的振动模型，并得到理论计算复合梁频率的特征方程。根据实验数据确定模型的参数，并编制MATLAB程序来模拟含电流变体的砂浆悬臂梁随电场强度变化时自振频率的变化规律。研究结果表明，该模型的模拟值与实验值吻合得较好，尤其对一阶频率的模拟效果最好。本项研究为电流变体在实际工程结构振动控制领域的应用奠定了实验和理论基础。     

电流变液夹层壳体振动隔离的实验研究

测试实验主要研究外加电场对电流变液夹层圆柱壳体振动的控制效果.实验选用由淀粉、纳米硅粉和二甲基硅油配制的电流变液,将其灌注于双层圆柱形壳体夹层中,通过对双层结构内外壁(可看成两个电极)所加电压的控制,来测试电流变液对结构振动传输的影响情况,以此来研究电流变液壳体结构的减振性能以及结构响应特性.同时实验还对不同电流变液在不同外加电压下的流变特性进行了定性比较和分析.     

复合颗粒电流变液的制备及其性能

制备了ＳｉＯ２／Ｐ（ＭＭＡ－ＭＡＡ）微囊复合颗粒电流变液,测试了该电流变液的力学性能和材料性能。结果指出：这种复合颗粒电流变液的稳定性有较大的提高;剪切强度随外加电场强度的增大而增大。     

对甲苯磺酸掺杂聚邻甲苯胺的合成及电流变性能

以对甲苯磺酸(TSA)作为掺杂剂和乳化剂,乳液聚合合成了对甲苯磺酸掺杂聚邻甲苯胺(TSA-POT)。采用红外光谱、热重分析和扫描电镜对聚合物的结构、热稳定性及形貌进行了表征。制备了TSA-POT/硅油(SO)无水型电流变流体(ER流体),测试了其电流变性能,考察了电场强度、反掺杂条件、粒子浓度等因素对TSA-POT/SO体系电流变性能的影响。结果表明,由于强极性的磺酸基团与聚邻甲苯胺的主链相连,极大地改善了聚合物粒子的极化性能,因此TSA-POT/SO体系的电流变性能显著改善。结果同时表明,低浓度的TSA-POT/SO体系的屈服应力与电场强度具有二次线性关系。