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Maximilian Michel Jana Kopecká Tim Meier‐Dörnberg Martin Zarnkow Fritz Jacob Mathias Hutzler 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》2016,33(4):129-144
This study describes a screening system for future brewing yeasts focusing on non‐Saccharomyces yeasts. The aim was to find new yeast strains that can ferment beer wort into a respectable beer. Ten Torulaspora delbrueckii strains were put through the screening system, which included sugar utilization tests, hop resistance tests, ethanol resistance tests, polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting, propagation tests, amino acid catabolism and anabolism, phenolic off‐flavour tests and trial fermentations. Trial fermentations were analysed for extract reduction, pH drop, yeast concentration in bulk fluid and fermentation by‐products. All investigated strains were able to partly ferment wort sugars and showed high tolerance to hop compounds and ethanol. One of the investigated yeast strains fermented all the wort sugars and produced a respectable fruity flavour and a beer of average ethanol content with a high volatile flavour compound concentration. Two other strains could possibly be used for pre‐fermentation as a bio‐flavouring agent for beers that have been post‐fermented by Saccharomyces strains as a consequence of their low sugar utilization but good flavour‐forming properties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Darel Wee Kiat Toh Jian Yong Chua Yuyun Lu Shao Quan Liu 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2020,55(5):2049-2059
This work evaluated the potential of three commercial non-Saccharomyces yeast strains Torulaspora delbrueckii (Biodiva and Prelude) and Lachancea thermotolerans (Concerto) for beer fermentation. The fermentation performance, volatile and non-volatile profiles were compared. Growth behaviours of all three yeast strains exhibited similar trends during the initial fermentation phase although a marked population decline was detected in strains Prelude and Concerto, which also showed a rapid utilisation of maltose, while strain Biodiva was unable to consume maltose and consumed lesser amounts of amino acids. Additionally, terpenoids inherently absent in the wort such as β-caryophyllene and geranyl acetone were produced in all beers, significantly higher in beers fermented with strain Prelude. For volatile profiles, Prelude and Concerto produced more ethanol and significantly higher amounts of acetate esters and long-chained ethyl esters. Strain Biodiva, on the other hand, produced higher amounts of isoamyl alcohol and ethyl butanoate. 相似文献
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Alves-Araújo C Hernandez-Lopez MJ Prieto JA Randez-Gil F Sousa MJ 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》2005,22(3):165-175
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We cloned a genomic DNA fragment of the yeast Torulaspora delbrueckii by complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae his3 mutant strain. DNA sequence analysis revealed that the fragment contained two complete ORFs, which share a high similarity with S. cerevisiae His3p and Mrp51p, respectively. The cloned TdHIS3 gene fully complemented the his3 mutation of S. cerevisiae, confirming that it encodes for the imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydrate of T. delbrueckii. Two additional ORFs, with a high homology to S. cerevisiae PET56 and DED1 genes, were mapped upstream and downstream from TdHIS3 and TdMRP51, respectively. This genetic organization is analogous to that previously found in Saccharomyces kluyveri and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. The evolutionary significance of gene order in this chromosomal region is analysed and discussed. 相似文献
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采用平皿培养法从浓香型白酒酒醅中分离酵母,筛选其中具备耐受性良好的产酯酵母,并结合形态学、生理生化试验及26S rDNA分子生物学鉴定筛选酵母,研究筛选酵母与酿酒酵母混合发酵的发酵特性。结果表明,在模拟白酒酿造环境耐受性试验中,3株高产酯酵母均具有一定的耐酸性,且在乙醇浓度为10%时保持较好的生长特性,但在温度为40℃时生长特性均受到抑制,而酵母菌株W5相较其他两株高产酯酵母耐受性能更好,经鉴定为戴尔有孢圆酵母(Torulaspora delbrueckii);在筛选酵母与酿酒酵母模拟白酒发酵试验中,酿酒酵母发酵速率最快,发酵时间为6d;T.delbrueckii W5发酵时间为8d;二者混合发酵时间为9d。在相同的培养条件和发酵条件下,T.delbrueckii纯培养方式下酸度较其他两种培养方式高,其酸度范围为7.62~7.72g/L,说明T.delbrueckii产酸能力很高。但T.delbrueckii W5挥发酸产量较酿酒酵母低,其挥发酸范围为0.32~0.48g/L。另外酿酒酵母纯培养乙醇含量为13.18%~13.50%,说明酿酒酵母相较于T.delbrueckii具有强发酵... 相似文献
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为提高火龙果酒品质与香气丰度,将德尔布有孢圆酵母(Torulaspora delbrueckii)PRELUDE、NS-D与酿酒酵母RB2和X16分别进行火龙果酒的纯菌发酵与混合发酵,并对发酵产生的风味成分进行比较。结果表明,PRELUDE与NS-D产酒精能力低,但可以提高发酵液pH值,具有生物降酸的能力。采用气相色谱-质谱法(gas chromatographymass spectrometry,GC-MS)对8组酒样的香气成分进行分析,共检测出24种主要香气成分,其中PRELUDE和NS-D参与发酵的发酵液均检测到高浓度的苯乙醇、乳酸乙酯和葵酸乙酯,且只有在PRELUDE和NS-D参与发酵的发酵液中检测到3-甲基-1-戊醇,在进一步的香气成分主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)与感官评价中,PRELUDE与RB2混合发酵能够增加酒中酯类物质的种类与含量并且可提升果酒的果香味与花香味,改善火龙果酒风味。 相似文献
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通过测定10株戴尔有孢圆酵母(Torulaspora delbrueckii)(编号为TD1~TD10)对葡萄糖、乙醇、酒石酸、SO2的耐受性能及其产β-葡萄糖苷酶性能,筛选发酵性能良好的戴尔有孢圆酵母,并将筛选菌株与酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)ST混合发酵冰葡萄汁,最后对冰葡萄酒的基本理化指标进行测定。结果表明,除菌株TD2外,其他菌株均能够耐受葡萄糖500 g/L、乙醇体积分数4%、酒石酸16 g/L及SO2 350 mg/L,其中菌株TD6与TD9产β-葡萄糖苷酶活力较高,为优良本土戴尔有孢圆酵母。将菌株TD6、TD9分别与酿酒酵母ST混合发酵冰葡萄汁时均能在30 d内完成酒精发酵,且冰葡萄酒的基本理化指标均符合国标GB/T 25504—2010《冰葡萄酒》规定。此外,戴尔有孢圆酵母的接种对整个发酵过程的发酵速率与酿酒酵母的生长起到了一定的抑制作用,并且可以降低冰葡萄酒中乙酸和乙醇含量,提高总糖含量。 相似文献
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为了研究耐热克鲁维酵母(Lachancea thermotolerans)和戴尔有孢圆酵母(Torulaspora delbrueckii)在冰葡萄酒酿造中的应用潜力,该文对不同来源的3株L. thermotolerans(LT1、LT2、LT3)和3株T. delbrueckii(TD1、TD2、TD3)菌株的嗜杀性及在冰酒生境下的生长动态、耐受性及其发酵特性进行分析。结果表明:供试的L. thermotolerans和T. delbrueckii菌株对冰酒发酵条件均具有良好的适应性;其中菌株LT2和TD2在葡萄糖质量浓度为400~500 g/L、乙醇体积分数为15%、SO2质量浓度为400 mg/L、温度在13~19℃的条件下均可保持良好的定殖能力;3株L. thermotolerans和TD2菌株对酿酒酵母1296菌株具有较强的嗜杀性;LT2菌株发酵冰葡萄汁时的乳酸产量最高,为2. 195 g/L;LT2和TD2菌株纯种发酵的冰酒乙醇体积分数能达到11%~12%,并且酒样中挥发性酯类、有机酸类物质的总含量比酿酒酵母纯种发酵的酒样显著降低,挥发性萜烯类物质含量显著增加;感官分析表明,TD2菌株纯种发酵的冰葡萄酒有较强花、果香气;LT2菌株能够增强冰葡萄酒的酸度,有助于平衡冰酒的甜腻感,使口感协调。综上所述,LT2和TD2菌株纯种发酵对冰葡萄酒的感官品质有一定的积极影响,L. thermotolerans和T. delbrueckii具有酿造冰葡萄酒的应用潜力。 相似文献
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Boqin Zhang Changqing Duan Guoliang Yan 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2021,56(10):5107-5118
The nutrient status and composition in mediums have a significant effect on yeast metabolism and phenotypic characteristics in wine fermentation. In this study, the effects of three frequently used mediums, including synthetic grape juice (SGJ), grape juice without grape pericarp and seeds (GJ) and grape must with grape pericarp and seeds (GMPS), on yeast fermentation behaviour and aroma compounds produced by pure and mixed culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae T73 with Torulaspora delbrueckii TD20 were investigated after alcoholic fermentation. The results showed that high fermentation activities and cell population were always found in GJ medium irrespective of inoculated approach. More esters and higher alcohols were produced in GMPS medium fermented by pure S. cerevisiae, while SGJ medium had increased levels of fatty acids. Consistent with previous literatures, the mixed fermentation of T. delbrueckii and S. cerevisiae produced more acetate esters and fatty acids than the pure culture of S. cerevisiae, while this enological trait was only found in SGJ and GJ, not in GMPS. Our results highlighted that more attention should be paid to the fermentation medium when evaluating the enological and aromatic properties of selected yeasts used in industrial winemaking. In this regard, the combined use of GJ and GMPS medium might be a suitable choice. 相似文献
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为探讨混合发酵对马瑟兰葡萄酒风味品质的影响,以酿酒酵母单独发酵为对照组,戴尔有孢圆酵母和酿酒酵母同时接种和顺序接种发酵为处理组,采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)结合气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)技术测定该葡萄酒的挥发性香气成分,高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定有机酸含量,并对葡萄酒进行感官评价。结果表明:与对照相比,混合发酵残糖含量降低了0.03~0.46 g/L,总酸含量降低了0.30~0.93 g/L;混合发酵酒样中苹果酸和酒石酸显著降低(P<0.05);顺序和同时接种发酵显著提高了马瑟兰葡萄酒中酯类和醇类含量(P<0.05),其中顺序接种的乙酸酯和醇类化合物含量较高(P<0.05),尤其是乙酸异戊酯、正己醇、苯乙醇、异戊醇和异丁醇等化合物。主成分分析表明,混合发酵可以改变葡萄酒的香气轮廓,提升葡萄酒的复杂性。感官评价显示顺序接种得分最高。结论:顺序接种发酵可有效提升马瑟兰葡萄酒的风味品质。 相似文献
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为应对全球变暖对葡萄产区的影响,改善葡萄酒品质,设计不同非酿酒酵母二元及三元混菌发酵策略,探究多菌株发酵剂对改善温暖地区葡萄酒品质的潜力。研究选用4种本土非酿酒酵母:毕赤克鲁维酵母、戴尔有孢圆酵母、异常威克汉姆酵母与耐热克鲁维酵母,配对组合并顺序接种酿酒酵母完成发酵。对不同接种策略酒样使用WLN平板对微生物生长进行动态监测,测定理化指标以及挥发性香气物质含量。结果表明,耐热克鲁维酵母和毕赤克鲁维酵母的组合产生(3.26±0.04)g/L乳酸,高于单独接种耐热克鲁维酵母酒样中的乳酸产量,生物增酸能力进一步提升。耐热克鲁维酵母和异常威克汉姆酵母的组合产生(0.17±0.01) g/L乳酸,表现出一定的代谢抑制作用。与单一非酿酒酵母接种相比,两种非酿酒酵母菌株混合发酵的葡萄酒样品中大多数乙酯的含量进一步提高,这为赤霞珠葡萄酒带来丰富的感官品质。研究表明,三元混合发酵在提高葡萄酒质量和改善其风味均一化方面具有很大潜力。 相似文献
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Chantal Pallier Michle Valens Valrie Puzos Hiroshi Fukuhara Genevive Chret Frdric Sor Monique Bolotin-Fukuhara 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》1993,9(10):1149-1155
We report in this paper the sequence of a part of chromosome XI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This 17 kbp nucleotide sequence represents the right half of cosmid pUKG151 and contains nine open reading frames, YKL453, 450, 449, 448, 445, 443, 442, 441 and the 5′ part of YKL440. YKL440 was previously identified as the MBR1 gene and plays a role in mitochondrial biogenesis. YKL443 is a homologue of the yeast serine-rich protein (SRP1), while YKL453 presents strong homologies with the KIN1/KIN2/SNF1 kinase family. It must be pointed out that the size of this gene is well above average for yeast. 相似文献
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Maximilian Michel Tim Meier‐Dörnberg Fritz Jacob Frank‐Jürgen Methner R. Steven Wagner Mathias Hutzler 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2016,122(4):569-587
Recently there has been increased interest in using non‐Saccharomyces yeasts to ferment beer. The worldwide growth of craft beer and microbreweries has revitalised the use of different yeast strains with a pronounced impact on aroma and flavour. Using non‐conventional yeast gives brewers a unique selling point to differentiate themselves. Belgian brewers have been very successful in using wild yeasts and mixed fermentations that often contain non‐Saccharomyces yeasts. Historically, ancient beers and beers produced before the domestication of commonly used Saccharomyces strains most likely included non‐Saccharomyces species. Given the renewed interest in using non‐Saccharomyces yeasts to brew traditional beers and their potential application to produce low‐alcohol or alcohol‐free beer, the fermentation and flavour characteristics of different species of non‐Saccharomyces pure culture yeast were screened for brewing potential (Brettanomyces anomalus and bruxellensis, Candida tropicalis and shehatae, Saccharomycodes ludwigii, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Pichia kluyveri, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii). Alcohol‐free beer is already industrially produced using S. ludwigii, a maltose‐negative species, which is a good example of the introduction of non‐Saccharomyces yeast to breweries. Overall, non‐Saccharomyces yeasts represent a large resource of biodiversity for the production of new beers and have the potential for wider application to other beverage and industrial applications. Almost all of the trials reviewed were conducted with varying fermentation parameters, which plays an important role in the outcome of the studies. To understand these impacts all trials were described with their major fermentation parameters. Copyright © 2016 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling 相似文献
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以自主筛选的戴尔有孢圆酵母WA19为研究对象,考察其与酿酒酵母F33混合发酵对樱桃酒品质的影响,同时以酿酒酵母F33单独发酵的樱桃酒、商业化戴尔有孢圆酵母Viniflora Prelude和酿酒酵母F33混合发酵的樱桃酒为对照。研究结果表明,戴尔有孢圆酵母WA19和酿酒酵母F33之间不存在相互抑制,2?种酵母均能快速适应酒体环境,迅速增殖,整个发酵周期为8?d。而酿酒酵母F33与Viniflora Prelude混合发酵则出现了相互抑制的现象。此外,戴尔有孢圆酵母WA19和酿酒酵母F33混合发酵显著提高了多种挥发性组分的含量,如β-苯乙醇、丁酸乙酯、异戊酸乙酯、己酸乙酯、里那醇等,能够增强樱桃酒的果香、花香和发酵香气,使樱桃酒的香气特征更加突出。鉴于戴尔有孢圆酵母WA19的优异性能,有望开发成为樱桃酒专用的产香酵母。 相似文献
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用戴尔有孢圆酵母(Torulaspora delbrueckii SY-2-2)和酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae RV002)作为猕猴桃酒发酵菌株,以单接种酿酒酵母、单接种戴尔有孢圆酵母为对照组,同时接种戴尔有孢圆酵母和酿酒酵母、顺序接种戴尔有孢圆酵母和酿酒酵母为实验组,采用顶空固相微萃取法结合气相色谱-质谱技术测定猕猴桃汁发酵酒样产生的挥发性香气成分。结果表明,混菌发酵组获得的挥发性香气成分种类高于单菌发酵组,且顺序接种发酵组的香气成分种类(23 种)和质量浓度(336.95 mg/L)均最高。在顺序接种发酵组中,戴尔有孢圆酵母的参与提高了猕猴桃酒中挥发性物质的种类和含量,特别是苯乙酸乙酯、苯丙酸乙酯、苯乙醇、β-大马士酮、α-松油醇、桉树油醇等物质,赋予猕猴桃酒浓郁的花果香味,丰富了猕猴桃酒的香气成分。香气感官评价表明顺序接种发酵组的花香、草本香、甜香味更加浓郁,酒香和果香次之,整体评分最高。 相似文献
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混菌发酵产酶活性与苹果酒风味物质构成的相关性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研究苹果酒发酵过程中酶活性对苹果酒香气品质的影响,对德尔布有孢圆酵母(Torulaspora delbrueckii)和酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)单独和混菌发酵过程中β-葡萄糖苷酶、果胶酶、酸性蛋白酶及α-淀粉酶活性及苹果酒香气成分进行测定,并通过建立偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)分析模型对苹果酒酒精发酵阶段酶活性与风味物质之间的相关性进行分析。结果表明,混合发酵方式1、2条件下β-葡萄糖苷酶、果胶酶曲线下面积(AUC)最高,分别为15.11 nmol/(min·mL)、19.71 mg/(h·mL),混合发酵有利于增加苹果酒香气成分的复杂性。相关性分析表明,β-葡萄糖苷酶与27种挥发性物质存在显著相关性(P<0.05),果胶酶、蛋白酶与18种挥发性物质存在显著相关性(P<0.05),对挥发性物质的形成有较大影响,而α-淀粉酶则与各组分无明显的相关性(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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A DNA fragment containing the URA3 gene from Torulaspora delbrueckii was isolated by complementation cloning in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DNA sequence analysis revealed the presence of an ORF of 795 bp, encoding a 264 amino acid protein, which shares a high similarity to the Saccharomycetaceae Ura3 proteins. Furthermore, the cloned ORF fully complemented the ura3 mutation of S. cerevisiae, confirming that it encodes for the TdUra3 protein. The GeneBank Accession No. for TdURA3 is AF518402. 相似文献