ITO透明导电薄膜的制备工艺研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法以InCl3·4H2O和SnCl4·5H2O为前驱物在玻璃基片上制备了ITO透明导电薄膜.详细研究了热处理初始温度、溶胶浓度、热处理温度、热处理时间、铟锡比例以及镀膜层数对薄膜光电特性的影响,得出了最佳工艺条件.结果表明,采用最佳工艺制备的ITO透明导电薄膜为体心立方的In2O3结构,Sn4 离子取代In2O3晶格中的In3 离子,样品不含低价氧化锡,薄膜方阻达到600 Ω/□,可见光透过率达到83%.     

渠道火花烧蚀法制备In2O3∶Mo透明导电薄膜

采用渠道火花烧蚀技术在普通玻璃基板上制备了掺钼氧化铟In₂O₃∶Mo透明导电薄膜，研究了烧蚀时氧气压强对薄膜光电性能的影响. 在基板温度Ts=350℃时，薄膜的电阻率和载流子浓度随氧气压强增大分别呈凹形和凸形的变化趋势. 薄膜电阻率最小值是4.8e-4Ω·cm，载流子浓度为7.1e20cm^-3. 载流子迁移率最高可达49.6cm²/ (V·s) . 可见光区域平均透射率大于87%以上，由紫外光电子谱分析得到薄膜的表面功函数为4.6eV. X射线衍射分析表明，薄膜结晶性良好并在（222）晶面择优取向生长. 原子力显微镜观察薄膜样品表面得到方均根粗糙度为0.72nm,平均粗糙度为0.44nm，峰谷最大差值为15.4nm.     

渠道火花烧蚀法制备In2O3:Mo透明导电薄膜

采用渠道火花烧蚀技术在普通玻璃基板上制备了掺钼氧化铟In2O3:Mo透明导电薄膜,研究了烧蚀时氧气压强对薄膜光电性能的影响.在基板温度Ts=350℃时,薄膜的电阻率和载流子浓度随氧气压强增大分别呈凹形和凸形的变化趋势.薄膜电阻率最小值是4.8×10-4Ω·cm,载流子浓度为7.1×1020 cm-3.载流子迁移率最高可达49.6cm2/(V·s).可见光区域平均透射率大于87%以上,由紫外光电子谱分析得到薄膜的表面功函数为4.6eV.X射线衍射分析表明,薄膜结晶性良好并在(222)晶面择优取向生长.原子力显微镜观察薄膜样品表面得到方均根粗糙度为0.72nm,平均粗糙度为0.44nm,峰谷最大差值为15.4nm.     

渠道火花烧蚀法制备In2O3:Mo透明导电薄膜

采用渠道火花烧蚀技术在普通玻璃基板上制备了掺钼氧化铟In2O3:Mo透明导电薄膜,研究了烧蚀时氧气压强对薄膜光电性能的影响.在基板温度Ts=350℃时,薄膜的电阻率和载流子浓度随氧气压强增大分别呈凹形和凸形的变化趋势.薄膜电阻率最小值是4.8×10-4Ω·cm,载流子浓度为7.1×1020 cm-3.载流子迁移率最高可达49.6cm2/(V·s).可见光区域平均透射率大于87%以上,由紫外光电子谱分析得到薄膜的表面功函数为4.6eV.X射线衍射分析表明,薄膜结晶性良好并在(222)晶面择优取向生长.原子力显微镜观察薄膜样品表面得到方均根粗糙度为0.72nm,平均粗糙度为0.44nm,峰谷最大差值为15.4nm.     

玻璃基底上氧化铟锡薄膜的光致发光性能

用直流磁控溅射法在190℃玻璃基底上制备了氧化铟锡(ITO)薄膜,利用荧光分光光度计研究了ITO薄膜的光致发光性能。结果表明,室温下ITO薄膜在波长250 nm光源的激发下,分别在467 nm和751 nm处观察到了发光强度较强的蓝光宽带和强度较弱的红光带。上述发光峰的出现分别和ITO薄膜中的氧空位、铟空位等缺陷在禁带中形成的能级有关,其中氧空位形成的施主能级位于导带下1.2 eV处,而铟空位形成的受主能级位于价带下1.65 eV处。     

Effect of Target Density on Microstructural, Electrical, and Optical Properties of Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films

In this paper, indium tin oxide (ITO) targets with different densities were used to deposit ITO thin films. The thin films were deposited from these targets at room temperature and annealed at 750°C. Microstructural, electrical, and optical properties of the as-prepared films were studied. It was found that the target density had no effect on the properties or deposition rate of radiofrequency (RF)-sputtered ITO thin films, different from the findings for direct current (DC)-sputtered films. Therefore, when using RF sputtering, the target does not require a high density and may be reused.     

低真空下射频磁控溅射法制备ITO薄膜

在低真空(2.3×10-3 Pa)下采用射频磁控溅射法制备了ITO薄膜.溅射温度200 ℃,溅射气氛为氩气和氧气的混合气,溅射靶材为90 %氧化铟、10 %氧化锡的陶瓷靶.用场发射扫描电子显微镜和X衍射仪研究了薄膜的显微结构, 用X射线光电子能谱表征了薄膜的成分.ITO薄膜在可见光范围内有较高的透射率(80 %～95 %).在低工作气压(1 Pa)下,氧气流量比率[O2/(O2+Ar)]越小,薄膜的透射率越高、导电性越好.在高工作气压(2 Pa)下,制备得到低质量、低透射率的无定形薄膜.     

基底温度对ITO薄膜红外发射特性的影响

本文采用射频磁控溅射法制备ITO薄膜,该薄膜具有较低的红外发射率。利用紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计、红外发射率测量仪、四探针测试仪研究了溅射过程中基底温度对ITO薄膜红外特性和光电性能的影响,并且用AFM对ITO薄膜的表面形貌进行了表征。实验发现,随着基底温度的升高,薄膜的表面颗粒增大,透过率、方块电阻、平均红外发射率均会降低。本文还讨论了8μm～14μm波段平均红外发射率与方块电阻之间的关系。     

生长速率对反应蒸发制备ITO薄膜光电性能的影响

用电阻加热反应蒸发的方法制备氧化铟锡(ITO)薄膜,测试了膜的电阻率、可见光透过率、载流子浓度和迁移率,讨论生长速率对薄膜光电性能的影响.并在衬底温度为160 ℃、反应压强为1.4×10-1 Pa的条件下,制得可见光范围平均透过率为93%、电阻率为4.7×10-4 Ω·cm的ITO透明导电薄膜.     

薄膜中晶粒正常生长过程的研究

通过建立一个理论模型研究了薄膜中正常晶粒生长过程中晶粒的变化情况。晶粒按照边长数被分成不同的组,可以通过晶粒消失与晶界转换两种方式来改变边长的数目,在不同组之间进行转换。晶粒的长大与缩小由边长数与晶粒大小决定。计算机模拟的结果表明平均晶粒尺寸随时间呈线性增长,晶粒尺寸分布与已报道的结果基本一致。     

Features of Indium Tin Oxide Film Deposition by Magnetron Sputtering

Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics - Abstract—Polycrystalline transparent conductive indium tin oxide layers are grown by direct current magnetron reactive sputtering of the...     

ITO透明导电薄膜的反应离子刻蚀

研究了用 Ｃ Ｆ４ 或乙醇作为反应气体, Ａｒ 作为气体添加剂对 Ｉ Ｔ Ｏ 膜进行反应离子刻蚀,讨论了射频放电功率,反应室气压, Ａｒ 的流量对刻蚀速率的影响,得出了最佳工艺条件,并从理论上分析了刻蚀的机理。研究表明,用乙醇等有机气体对 Ｉ Ｔ Ｏ 膜进行反应离子刻蚀的效果更为理想。     

超声雾化喷涂工艺及优质二氧化锡透明导电薄膜的研究

报道了采用超声雾化喷涂工艺沉积优质掺杂二氧化锡透明导电半导体薄膜的实验成果 ,选用氟作为掺杂元素 ,通过改变掺杂量和工艺参数 ,可控制薄膜的方块电阻在 1 0 Ω/□以上的范围内变化 (40 0 nm膜厚 ) ,掺氟离子二氧化锡为 n型导电半导体 ,高浓度掺杂的二氧化锡薄膜光学透过率为 87%～ 90 % (采用 550 nm单色光源测透过率 )。用 X射线衍射及扫描电子显微镜分析 ,可获得该薄膜材料的微结构、表面形貌以及薄膜组成、掺杂百分含量。该成果为大规模生产优质二氧化锡透明导电薄膜 ,提供了有效、简单的方法和装置。     

离子注入对二氧化锡薄膜的改性作用

对溅射沉积制成的氧化锡薄膜进行了钨离子注入、氧离子注入和退火处理，并用X射线衍射(XRD)和x射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析了薄膜，研究了注入对薄膜相变的影响。发现在室温下溅射沉积形成的非晶态SnO2薄膜，注入氧离子后导致了非晶态SnO2向晶态SnO2的转变；注入钨离子则导致了SnO在非晶态薄膜中的形成。而在已经注入了钨离子的薄膜中再注入氧离子可以形成Sn3O4。实验表明，注入钨离子可减少由氧和锡组成相的氧、锡比率，而注入氧离子则可增加这种比率。     

Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films Grown on Polyethersulphone (PES) Substrates by Pulsed‐Laser Deposition for Use in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

High quality indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were grown by pulse laser deposition (PLD) on flexible polyethersulphone (PES) substrates. The electrical, optical, and surface morphological properties of these films were examined as a function of substrate temperature and oxygen pressure. ITO thin films, deposited by PLD on a PES substrate at room temperature and an oxygen pressure of 15 mTorr, have a low electrical resistivity of 2.9×10^?4 Ω cm and a high optical transmittance of 84 % in the visible range. They were used as the anode in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). The maximum electro luminescence (EL) and current density at 100 cd/m² were 2500 cd/m² and 2 mA/cm², respectively, and the external quantum efficiency of the OLEDs was found to be 2.0 %.     

Growth Features of Thin Epitaxial Magnesium Oxide Films on Sapphire

Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics - Abstract—Epitaxial (111) MgO films on sapphire with (0001) orientation were grown by high-frequency magnetron reactive sputtering. The...     

Nanoscale thermally induced stress analysis by complementary Scanning Thermal Microscopy techniques

Thermally induced stress is determined using boundary values obtained by complementary Scanning Joule Expansion Microscopy and Scanning Thermal Microscopy. The stress function is then solved with the Finite Element Method. Surface stress analysis as well as stress analysis of multilayered structures are performed in order to demonstrate the application of the developed measurement technique to reliability investigations.     

喷雾热解法制备掺氟的氧化锡透明导电膜

采用喷雾热分解的方法,在片状日用玻璃基材和石英玻璃基材上制得了掺氟氧化锡透明导电薄膜。研究了F 的掺杂量、成膜温度和沉积时间对薄膜方阻 R□和在可见光范围内的平均透过率 T 的影响。实验结果表明,当 NH4F的掺杂量为 SnCl_4·5H_2O 的 32%(质量分数)、成膜温度为 450℃、沉积时间为 15 s 时,可使所得薄膜的方阻 R_□最低,为 10Ω/□,可见光范围内的平均透过率为 80%。     

原子层沉积低温生长α-MoO3薄膜

以六羰基钼和氧气为前驱体,通过等离子增强原子层沉积技术（PE-ALD）在硅基片上实现了α-MoO₃薄膜的低温制备。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪等手段对薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌及薄膜成分进行表征和分析。研究发现衬底温度和氧源脉冲时间对MoO₃薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌变化起关键作用。当衬底温度为170℃及以上时所制备的薄膜为α-MoO₃;适当延长ALD单循环中的氧源脉冲时间有利于低温沉积沿（0k0）高度择优取向的MoO₃薄膜。根据对不同厚度MoO₃薄膜表面的原子力显微图片分析,MoO₃薄膜为岛状生长模式。     

Fabrication and Characterization of CZTS Thin Films Prepared by the Sulfurization of RF-Sputtered Stacked Metal Precursors

In this work, Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) thin films were prepared by the sulfurization of metal precursors deposited sequentially via radio frequency magnetron sputtering on Mo-coated soda-lime glass. The stack order of the precursors was Mo/Zn/Sn/Cu. Sputtered precursors were annealed in sulfur atmosphere with nine different conditions to study the impact of sulfurization time and substrate temperature on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the final CZTS films. X-ray fluorescence was used to determine the elemental composition ratio of the metal precursors. Final CZTS films were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). XRD and EDS were combined to investigate the films’ structure and to identify the presence of secondary phases. XRD analysis indicated an improvement in film crystallinity with an increase of the substrate temperature and annealing times. Also indicated was the minimization and/or elimination of secondary phases when the films experienced longer annealing time. EDS revealed slight Sn loss in films sulfurized at 550°C; however, an increase of the sulfurization temperature to 600°C did not confirm these results. SEM study showed that films treated with higher temperatures exhibited dense morphology, indicating the completion of the sulfurization process. The estimated absorption coefficient was on the order of 10⁴ cm^?1 for all CZTS films, and the values obtained for the optical bandgap energy of the films were between 1.33 eV and 1.52 eV.