用于同步辐射硅像素探测器的高速数据传输模块研究

文章概述了硅像素探测器特点及其重要性,介绍了测试系统中基于FPGA的光纤转USB3.0高速数据传输板的设计,包括整体结构,各模块具体实现方式以及硬件电路设计和部分软件设计。测试结果表明,该项目设计的数据传输板解决了计算机接收光纤数据问题,实现了2.5 Gbps的稳定传输速度,提高了硅像素探测器数据采集系统的数据传输能力。     

硅条探测器前端ASIC芯片测试系统电路设计

介绍一种前端读出专用集成电路(ASIC,Application-Specific Integrated Circuit)芯片性能测试系统的电路设计与实现.该ASIC芯片可用于构成硅微条探测器、硅条、Si(Li)和CsI探测器的前端读出电子学系统.本文详细描述了测试系统的构成,主要电路设计,系统应用以及部分测试结果,并简要介绍了被测ASIC芯片的电路结构.     

百万像素硅像素探测器数据获取系统设计

介绍了百万像素硅像素探测器数据获取系统的设计。该系统根据实验需求,尤其针对硅像素探测器1.92 GB/s高带宽的数据读出指标进行设计,实现了数据高速稳定读出的目标,同时提供运行控制、在线事例组装、无损压缩、数据存储,以及抽样显示图像等功能。文中对系统进行了稳定性以及主要性能测试,测试表明系统长期运行稳定,最高读出带宽可达2.49 GB/s。     

硅像素探测器读出芯片的设计

针对应用在高能物理实验的硅像素探测器,设计了一种基于时间过阈技术的像素阵列读出芯片。芯片采用商用的130 nm CMOS工艺进行流片,共有30×10个像素单元,像素单元的面积为50 μm×250 μm。测试结果表明,像素单元电路的等效噪声电荷低于100e^-,积分非线性优于4.2%,基本实现了设计的功能。     

BELLEII实验高速数据接收板的设计

在高能物理实验中,随着加速器和探测器性能的提高,数据获取系统正面临着越来越大的海量数据实时可靠传输的挑战。BELLEII探测器是运行在SuperKEKB高亮度加速器上的新型探测器,其数据获取系统也面临这一难题。基于FPGA的高速数据接收模块(HSLB)作为数据获取系统的数据传输核心,采用RocketIO技术实现高速串行数据传输,满足速率3.125 Gbps的设计要求;与专用接口连接的CPLD作为控制芯片在线配置FPGA固件,提供快速硬件程序加载,高速链路共享,高速数据传输和慢控制命令传输的功能。论文详细描述了高速数据传输模块的硬件设计、在线配置FPGA的实现方案。经过测试,该模块成功实现设计目标,并已经按工程进度进行了小批量生产。     

像素探测器高带宽数据获取系统设计

为适应硅像素探测器研制的需求,设计了硅像素探测器高带宽数据获取系统。该系统针对硅像素探测器高数据的特点进行了设计与优化,实现了单机高速稳定读出的数据获取目标,最高读出带宽可达到686MB/s,同时提供了控制、监测以及实验图像的实时抽样显示等功能。     

基于自研ASIC芯片HEPS中硅微条探测器读出电子学原型系统设计与测试

时间分辨X射线粉末衍射技术是探测物质晶体结构及其演变的重要手段。单光子计数型硅微条探测器因其灵敏度高和死时间低,在高能同步辐射光源(HEPS)的X射线粉末衍射实验中发挥着重要作用。研制适用于单光子计数型一维硅微条探测器的专用ASIC读出芯片(SSDROC)及其读出电子学系统,并采用一种新标定方法解决了SSDROC各通道对同一输入输出响应不一致的问题,该方法可显著提高各通道数据一致性并减小衍射实验数据的统计误差。探测器完成各项性能测试,结果表明整体系统线性优秀、能量分辨能力强、噪声低以及计数率高,为将来大覆盖角度一维硅微条探测器系统研制奠定坚实基础。     

基于APV25多通道读出电子学系统设计

介绍了基于APV25芯片的多通道读出电子学系统的设计方法,利用ASIC芯片与可扩展读出系统相结合,实现多通道信号的处理。在该系统中,基于PXI机箱的单个读出板可实现2 048路信号的读出及处理,并具有集成度高、低功耗、可扩展等优点。电子学测试结果表明,本系统电荷输入线性动态范围为0~12 fC,APV25等效输入噪声408 e,可适应大型物理实验微结构气体探测器、硅像素探测器等探测器的读出需求。     

一种前端ASIC芯片测试系统的设计与实现

介绍了一种专用集成电路芯片性能测试系统的设计与实现,该芯片适用于构建硅探测器前端读出电子学.描述了测试系统主要硬件电路设计,基于CPLD的快读出控制时序发生模块的实现,利用并口线来模拟I2C总线的方法,系统的调试和主要性能的分析.     

BESⅢ主漂移室内室升级MAPS芯片探针台测试系统设计

为满足北京谱仪Ⅲ主漂移室内室升级MAPS芯片测试需要,设计了一套用于芯片功能检查的芯片探针台测试系统。该系统实现了批量芯片JTAG通讯、芯片功耗、像素箝位电压、读出数据等芯片的功能检查,并可以进行芯片噪声水平以及甄别器阈值扫描等初步测试。芯片的探针台测试不仅在非邦定的情况下完成了芯片的筛选,同时可为后续芯片在探测器上工作时的阈值等参数配置提供参考。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.     

Gamma radiation levels in the ambient environment of the QNPP Base

Monitoring results of gamma dose rate level in 1992～2004 in the ambient environment of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plants(QNPP)Base,the northeast of Zhejiang Province,are reported in this paper.It is shown that the gamma dose rate of five monitoring sites of 2.5 km to QNPP Base is 84～113 nGy/h,with an average of 96 nGy/h in the 13 years.The average value is close to the background level of 93 nGy/h prior to operation of the QNPP Base,and is lower than the monitoring result of 101 nGy/h at the reference site in Hangzhou City.Within 50 km from the QNPP Base,the cumulative dose rate of the thermoluminescent dosimeter(TLD)is 90 nGy/h,which is lower than the back- ground level of 111 nGy/h.