新型仿生球形两栖子母机器人系统设计

为解决传统两栖机器人的一些突出缺点,探寻机器人领域更多的可能性。本文设计了一种新型仿生球形两栖子母机器人系统,该系统中球形两栖母机器人在陆地采用仿生四足爬行方式运动,在水下采用矢量喷水电机进行喷水推进,无噪声,增加隐蔽性,并为微型子机器人提供控制信号和能源。微型子机器人陆地采用轮式驱动,设计了可以实现水陆两栖的桨叶轮。该子母机器人系统通过XBee通信模块实现无线通信。通过进行的子母机器人的陆地和水下运动试验,验证了设计的子母机器人系统的有效性。     

英国新型水下机器人HYBALL

随着微电子技术和计算机技术的飞速发展,水下机器人日新月异.水下机器人的功能越来越全,操作越来越方便,体积却越来越小.HYBALL水下机器人是英国HYDROVISION有限公司于九十年代开发研制的最新产品.该机器人是在英国八十年代的DUPLUS、UFO等水下机器人的基础上,吸收其优点,开发研制出来的.开发它的指导思想是“操作简单,成本低廉,保养维修方便,性能先进可靠,功能齐全”.     

美海军研究新型水下机器人

美国海军正在利用国防部的小投资额技术转让(STTR)计划投资开发两种新型的水下机器人,一种是机器人龙虾,另一种是自主滑行机器人.     

基于Linux的嵌入式水下机器人系统设计

介绍了基于Linux的水下机器人嵌入式系统的设计.硬件系统主要由主控制单元、感知单元、监控单元、执行单元、电源单元等部分组成软件系统是在Linux操作系统下搭建的,采用多线程技术,稳定性高,占用资源较少.     

基于GPRS的水下滑翔机器人监控系统设计

水下滑翔机器人具有续航能力强、作业时间长等特点，适合于大范围海洋环境监测应用，可用于构建近海海洋环境立体监测网络。利用近海较好的GPRS网络覆盖条件，设计了基于GPRS网络的近海水下滑翔机器人监控系统。该监控系统不仅实现了在现场监控中心对水下滑翔机器人的监控，还可以通过Internet网络对水下滑翔机器人进行远程监控。文章详细介绍了监控系统的总体架构、GPRS终端硬件设计和系统软件设计。     

仿生水下机器人运动控制方法研究

近年来仿生技术在水下机器人上的应用已经成为水下机器人的重要研究方向之一。仿生水下机器人采用尾鳍提供前进动力和改变航向,比传统的桨舵具有高效性和高机动性。本文根据仿生水下机器人水池试验结果讨论了其运动性能,并在此基础上提出了仿生水下机器人运动控制方法,最后通过仿真试验验证了该方法的可行性。运动控制研究,是仿生水下机器人其它使命的基础,具有重要的意义。     

水下滑翔机器人控制系统设计与实现

本文以水下滑翔机器人为研究对象,首先简要介绍了水下滑翔机器人的总体结构,然后重点研究了其控制系统的设计方案,阐述了控制系统软、硬件的设计与实现,通过水下滑翔机器人湖试验证了控制系统设计合理,运行正确,实现了水下滑翔机器人的基本运动。     

水下机器人新型仿鱼鳍推进器

21世纪是人类开发海洋的世纪,水下机器人和自主无人潜器具有广阔的应用前景和 巨大的潜在价值．仿鱼鳍水下推进器作为一种具有效率高、运动灵活以及噪音低等优点的新 型水下推进器越来越受到广大科技工作者的重视．本文介绍了仿鱼鳍水下推进器的分类,特 点,国内外研究成果与现状,以及目前的研究热点,并对未来发展趋势作了预测．     

水下机器人技术

概述水下机器人是一个水下高技术仪器设备的集成体。它除集成有水下机器人载体的推进、控制、动力电源、导航等仪器、设备外 ,还需根据应用目的的不同 ,配备声、光、电等不同类型的探测仪器。这样 ,水下机器人可以作为人类进行水下研究、观测和作业的动态实验室平台 ,作为人类智能和各种感官、器官在水下的延伸 ,去完成人类肌体无法直接达到的各种水下环境的探索任务。水下机器人可分为两种基本类型 ,即“自治式水下机器人”和“遥控式水下机器人”。“自治式水下机器人” ,国际上统称为AUV (AutonomousUnderwaterVehicle) ,它是根据各种…     

水下机器人的单目视觉定位系统

介绍了OutLand 1000型水下小型远程遥控机器人(ROV)所携带的视觉系统,并通过实验对水下摄像机进行了标定,获得了像机的内参数.不同于陆地机器人的简化摄像机模型,针对水下环境对像机模型的影响,建立了水下像机的非线性畸变模型,在此基础上,对陆地单目视觉定位算法做了改进,并完成了系列水下实验.实验结果表明:经改进后的视觉定位方法提高了水下定位精度.     

一种新型煤矿灾害信息探测机器人系统设计

针对现有救灾机器人难以适应煤矿井下灾害现场环境的问题,提出了一种新型煤矿灾害信息探测机器人系统,介绍了该系统在煤矿井下的布置、总体结构及控制系统设计,分析了机器人爬坡性能。该系统中机器人运行在煤矿井下已有的单轨吊工字钢轨道上,可在发生煤矿灾害时及时行进到灾害现场,采集现场图像信息和环境参数并发送至地面指挥中心。在煤矿巷道仿真实验室对系统进行测试,结果表明该系统运行稳定,图像传输清晰连续,机器人爬坡角度为18.5°。     

Maneuvering and control of a biomimetic autonomous underwater vehicle

This work presents an approach for maneuvering and controlling a biomimetic autonomous underwater vehicle (BAUV). The BAUV swims forward by oscillating its body and caudal fin. It turns by bending its body and caudal fin toward the intended direction of motion. A body-spline function is specified by a set of parameters. Genetic algorithms are then used to find the values of the parameter by evaluating a fitness function over several swimming trials in a water tank. The fitness function is defined as the ratio of the kinetic energy of the forward motion to the required driving power of the joint motors. A control law that uses the oscillating frequency to control the forward speed, and applies a body-spline offset parameter to control the yawing rate is proposed. Moving averages of swimming speeds and heading angles are utilized as feedback signals to control the forward speed and heading angle of the BAUV. The effectiveness of the control algorithm is experimentally confirmed.

仿生机器人视觉导航研究分析

视觉导航技术是保证机器人自主移动的关键技术之一。为了从整体上把握当前国际上最新的视觉导航研究动态,全面评述了仿生机器人视觉导航技术的研究进展,重点分析了视觉SLAM(Simultaneous Local-ization and Mapping)、闭环探测、视觉返家三个关键问题的研究现状及存在的问题。提出了一个新的视觉SLAM算法框架,给出了待解决的关键理论问题,并对视觉导航技术发展的难点及未来趋势进行了总结。     

舵机控制步行机器人系统设计

首先设计了两足步行机器人的本体结构,并选择舵机作为驱动源。然后,基于广义坐标对该机器人进行了运动学建模,该方法运算简便、直观易懂。重点讨论了动态步行的算法设计,详细分析了基于零力矩点的仿人机器人动态步行运动规划方法。结合机器人的几何约束和运动约束,推导机器人参数化步态设计的推导公式,机器人步态的参数化设计大大方便了机器人的运动学和动力学分析。最后,介绍了运动规划的实验设计,并对关节调试作了总结和分析,指出了存在的问题和解决的办法。     

Development of a new positioning system for underwater robot based on sensor network

We are developing a new positioning system for an underwater vehicle based on the sound power decreasing with the distance transmitted and sensor network technology. Conventional positioning systems use the difference between the time sound occurs at the station and the time it is received at a vehicle. However, this is very expensive because of the high operational costs and the fact that the measuring field is not very wide. We therefore need a new positioning system with low cost, easy operation, easy maintenance, and high accuracy. Our system is expected to satisfy such requirements. At the first stage, we confirmed the principle with theoretical and experimental methods. In the research, we considered only the direct waves in the received data. These showed good precision for short distances, but also showed that it was easily affected by reflected waves, and the positioning area was limited to within only a few hundred meters when a reflective surface existed near to the receiver. These results were reported at AROB2008. Therefore, in the second stage of this study, we tried a new idea that uses a low-frequency sound and sends plural-frequency sounds simultaneously. We then tried to assess the performance of this method. This article gives the results of the simulation and the water tank experiment. With these improvements, the influence of reflected sound was suppressed and the positioning area became larger than in previous research. Then the underwater positioning system using sound power transmission loss will become useful.     

3-D Locomotion control for a biomimetic robot fish

This paper concerns with 3-D locomotion control methods for a biomimetic robot fish. The system architecture of the fish is firstly presented based on a physical model of carangiform fish. The robot fish has a flexible body, a rigid caudal fin and a pair of pectoral tins, driven by several servomotors. The motion control of the robot fish are then divided into speed control, orientation control, submerge control and transient motion control, corresponding algorithms are detailed respectively. Finally, experiments and analyses on a 4-link, radio-controlled robot fish prototype with 3-D locomotion show its good performance.     

Development of a humanoid robot for underwater use

In this research, we have developed a swimming robot with a fluttering kick with two legs, which can swim freely both on the surface of water and under water. We have established a control method for all the different types of motion of this robot, e.g., swimming in a straight line, turning, diving, or rising up in the water. Furthermore, by optimizing the three-dimensional action of this underwater robot, we can expect an improvement in its performance for complex work.