空间调制系统低复杂度的天线选择算法

空间调制(Spatial Modulation,SM)是一种特殊的多天线传输技术,利用发送天线索引和发送的符号共同传递信息.为了获得发送分集增益,人们将天线选择技术应用到SM系统中,提高SM系统解调性能.在天线选择技术中,最大-最小欧式距离(Euclidean Distance Antenna Selection,EDAS)准则应用较为广泛,但是它的全搜索求解方法复杂度高,限制了其应用.为此,本文利用空间调制系统和调制符号本身的特性,从2维量化解调的视角出发,给出了两种低复杂度的最优天线选择算法,并通过计算机仿真和复杂度分析,表明了该算法的有效性和最优性.     

具有天线选择与中继选择的空间调制技术

针对空间调制(SM)技术存在的缺欠,提出了具有天线选择和中继选择的空间调制系统方案。首先在多输入多输出(MIMO)信道模型下,通过对发送端天线选择,将拥有最佳信道状态的天线选出进行SM,打破SM技术对发送端天线数的限制,并提升采用高阶调制的SM分集性能。然后进一步将此思想引入协作通信网络,结合传感器网络的分级观念,提出采用中继选择和空间调制的中继传输协议,并通过仿真观察系统分集性能的改善。仿真结果表明,上述中继传输协议不仅能提升系统性能,而且使系统配置更加灵活。     

空间调制技术及发展

作为一种多天线传输技术,空间调制（SM）近年来发展迅速,与传统的MIMO技术相比,能有效地避免信道间干扰（ICI）和多天线发射的同步问题。分析了空间调制技术的基本原理,并对天线接收算法进行了分类比较。通过仿真比较了SM与垂直贝尔实验室分层空时结构（V-BLAST）,证明了SM性能上的优势,同时分析了SM对独立信道条件的依赖性。最后,空间调制研究热点以及一些亟待解决的问题得到了深入的讨论。     

Star-QAM 调制在STBC-SM系统中的应用和拓展

空间调制（SM）系统这些年来受到人们的关注,它克服了MIMO系统的一些缺点,同时又比SIMO系统具有较高的传输率。为了提高空间调制系统的分集增益,有学者把空时编码技术应用在空间调制系统中,提出了STBC-SM系统。另外,有些学者针对SM系统,对星座图上进行研究,提出了star-QAM调制,其误码性能优于传统的PSK调制和QAM调制。然而,仿真发现star-QAM调制与STBC-SM系统结合并没有取得期望中的性能提升。因此,本文提出了一种针对STBC-SM系统的简化star-QAM调制方式,在STBC-SM系统的不同码本中分别应用双层star-QAM调制的内环与外环星座图,以此增大了STBC-SM系统的最小编码增益距离（CGD）,提高了系统的性能。本文还给出了简化star-QAM调制中内环与外环星座图半径的选择标准。最后计算机仿真表明简化star-QAM调制确实提高了STBC-SM系统的BER性能,证实了简化star-QAM调制的可行性和有效性。      

扩展空间调制技术的低复杂度检测算法

针对发射天线数可变的扩展空间调制技术(Extended Spatial Modulation,ESM)提出了相应的低复杂度检测算法。传统的空间调制技术(Spatial Modulation,SM)将信息调制在发射的天线上,但是在一个符号周期内活跃的天线数为常数。而ESM允许在不同符号周期以不同数目的发射天线进行组合,不仅能够承载更多信息,同时对发射的天线也有了更多优选的空间,但是传统的检测算法在发射天线数固定时才能正常使用,针对ESM的特殊情况提出了阈值法检测天线,并通过数值实验给出了性能分析。     

大气光通信联合调制传输系统的应用研究

针对无线光通信(WOC)技术高频谱效率以及低误码率的需求,文章提出了一种脉冲幅度调制(PAM)与脉冲位置调制(PPM)联合的调制方法,在传统调制技术的基础上充分利用无线通信带宽资源提高了传输速率。系统采用空域映射(SM)方式将不同幅度脉冲映射至特定激光器,并通过映射关系完成多链路分层传输。与传统单调制方式相比,联合调制技术通过编码机制的协调配合,利用脉冲的幅度以及所在时隙位置的变化来传递信息。实验测试证明,采用联合调制分层传输技术,通过同时发送和检测每个数据脉冲的时隙位置及幅度信息,不仅提升了系统频谱效率和传输速率,误码性能也得到了有效改善,实验结果为后续应用研究提供了一种新的技术途径。     

基于脉冲阶梯调制的级联型逆变器研究

脉冲阶梯调制(PSM)是将脉宽调制(PWM)与阶梯调制(SM)相结合,起初应用在高压直流电源系统中。将脉冲阶梯调制技术应用到逆变器领域,提出了基于脉冲阶梯调制的级联型逆变器。介绍了级联逆变器的基本拓扑,分析了PSM级联型逆变器的工作原理,研究了PSM的调制算法。该级联型逆变器具有电路结构简单、控制方法简便、开关损耗小、效率高等优点,适合高压大功率场合。建立了6模块的PSM级联型高压逆变器(可获得有效值为4 kV的输出电压)的Matlab仿真模型进行分析,给出仿真结果。仿真结果表明,PSM级联型高压逆变器的输出波形特性好,谐波含量和THD均很小。     

一种新的低复杂度空间调制信号检测算法

空间调制技术(SM)作为一种新颖的多天线传输方案,近年来受到业界的广泛注意。它将输入信息比特分为两部分,一部分用于激活天线,另一部分用于信号调制,来共同承载发送信息。由于SM系统的最大似然(ML)最优检测算法需要穷举搜索激活天线序号和发送的数字调制符号的所有可能情况,它的检测复杂度很高。为此,人们相继提出了一些简化算法。与这些算法思路不同,本文从传统ML最优表达式出发,引入极坐标得到关于星座点幅度和相角的ML等价表达式,同时根据星座点相角的分布特性对相角进行近似,得到了一种新的次最优检测算法。新算法的检测性能比其他次优算法更接近ML,而且计算复杂度低。最后本文通过计算机仿真,验证了新算法的有效性。      

具有大规模天线选择与功率分配的协作通信

在瑞利衰落信道下研究了采用前向译码转发协议的三节点协作模型,分析了中继分布大规模天线阵列时系统的可靠性能。为了有效地降低系统复杂度,同时又能获得大规模天线带来的分集增益,给出了中继选择合并(SC)与天线选择空间调制(SM)相结合的组合传输方案。为了进一步提高可靠性能,研究了SC/SM组合方案如何通过功率分配优化其误比特率性能。仿真分析表明,大规模中继SC/SM方案的功率分配能够有效改善系统的误比特率性能。     

FEC编码的空间调制方案综述

空间调制系统作为多输入多输出技术(Multi-input Multi-output,MIMO)的一种,优点是在减少多天线方案的复杂度和成本的同时,始终能够保证较高的数据传输速率。在每个信道使用间隙下,仅使用一根选定的天线(称为活动天线)发送数据信号,并且活动天线空间位置作为数据传输的附加维度。然而,空间调制技术的分析和设计依然面临许多挑战,编码空间调制方案就是其中一种。针对编码空间调制方案,重点论述了Trellis码、BMST码、LDPC码以及多元LDPC码等信道编码空间调制方案,并且分析了这几种方案的特点以及它们在MIMO中的应用。     

Advances and prospects in visible light communications

Visible light communication (VLC) is an emerging technology in optical wireless communication (OWC) that has attracted worldwide research in recent years. VLC can combine communication and illumination together, which could be applied in many application scenarios such as visible light communication local area networks (VLANs), indoor localization, and intelligent lighting. In recent years, pioneering and significant work have been made in the field of VLC. In this paper, an overview of the recent progress in VLC is presented. We also demonstrate our recent experiment results including bidirectional 100 Mbit/s VLAN or Li-Fi system based on OOK modulation without blue filter. The VLC systems that we proposed are good solutions for high-speed VLC application systems with low-cost and low-complexity. VLC technology shows a bright future due to its inherent advantages, shortage of RF spectra and ever increasing popularity of white LEDs.     

ESIM‐OFDM‐based transceiver design of a visible light communication system

Visible light communication (VLC) system has been becoming a potential technology for short‐range data communication over wireless optical channel. In this paper, a real‐time state‐of‐the‐art VLC system prototype is implemented mainly based on enhanced subcarrier index modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ESIM‐OFDM) modulation scheme. The prototype has been designed using NI cDAQ hardware equipment programmed in matlab /labview . In other words, the developed VLC transceiver labview model is loaded into cDAQ to perform real‐time transmission of text data. The design mainly comprises VLC transmitter, VLC receiver, interfacing NI cDAQ with labview , and implementation of ESIM‐OFDM. It should be noted that the direct output of ESIM‐OFDM is not suitable to drive VLC transmitter circuit; therefore, the key contribution lies in making use of sigma–delta modulator to modify ESIM‐OFDM output to produce constant current signal which in turn could drive VLC transmitter. The second main contribution of the work targets the luminous properties of the designed transmitter that have experimentally been characterized using a LUX meter. Finally, the last contribution of the work is the simulation carried out to analyze the performance of the proposed system with other existing VLC modulation schemes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An Improved Signal Superposition Modulation for Cooperative Transmission

In this paper, a novel cooperative transmission strategy based on the orthogonal superposition modulation (OSM) combined with constellation rearrangement (CR) is proposed. This scheme can be an enhancement to the decode-and-forward cooperation, where two user nodes transmit the superposition of both users’ signals by turns. Furthermore, CR is introduced into the superposition process to improve the cooperation performance and efficiency. The corresponding symbol error rate (SER) in the Rayleigh fading channel is analyzed and a tight conditional SER upper bound in a closed form is derived. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of OSM-CR scheme, and show that it significantly outperforms the conventional SM and OSM methods without increasing complexity.     

广义空间调制系统的稀疏检测算法

空间调制技术作为一种新颖的多天线传输技术,这些年来受到业界的广泛关注,从单一激活天线的空间调制已扩展到多根激活天线的广义空间调制,进一步提高了频带效率。但是,采用多根激活天线发送也给系统的解调带来了困难。由于多激活天线的使用,最大似然（ML）检测算法的计算复杂度将随着激活天线数的增加呈指数增加,是一个NP-hard问题。针对上述问题,本文利用空间调制信号本身固有的稀疏特性,提出了一种次最优检测算法,新算法可以在保证检测性能的前提下,大大降低算法的计算量。不仅如此,由于稀疏性的引入,新算法还可以应用到发送天线数大于接收天线数的情况,计算机仿真试验验证了其有效性。      

Non-Uniform Time Slot Based Modulation for Visible Light Communication System

Recently, visible light communication (VLC) has got increasing attention in the field of indoor wireless communications. VLC has the obligation of lighting besides data communications. The IEEE 802.15.7 task group proposed a VLC modulation format named color shift keying in which data symbols are defined based on the diffused light wavelength. This paper presents a new modulation scheme for indoor wireless visible light communication system named non-uniform time slot modulation (NUTS). The NUTS modulation scheme defines the feeder signals of red, green and blue LEDs as rectangular pulses with appropriate width and their positions. In this method, the time axes of all the three light sources (channels) are slotted to some non-uniform durations that all symbols are spanned over these slots as orthogonal dimensions. The proposed scheme has some advantages with respect to other approaches such as low bit error rate and high bit rate. Furthermore, it provides appropriate synchronization capability. Besides, in the design of NUTS modulation scheme it has been tried to deliberate all practical constraints, as far as possible.     

High-speed real-time visible light communication system based on InGaN/GaN-base multi-quantum well blue micro-LED

Visible light communication (VLC) technology is a new type of wireless communication technology, which employs a light source as the carrier of information to realize illumination and communication simultaneously. This paper adopts a single InGaN/GaN-base multi-quantum well blue micro-light emitting diode (LED) as the light source, designs pre-emphasis circuit, LED driver circuit, impedance matching network, etc., and builds a high-speed real-time VLC system. It has been verified that the LED achieves a 3 dB modulation bandwidth of 450 MHz or more; and the real-time communication rate reaches over 800 Mbit/s at a distance of 2 m. The communication bit error rate (BER) is as low as at a communication rate of 622 Mbit/s. Experimental indicators including 3 dB bandwidth, communication rate, and communication BER are all taken into account. Therefore, this VLC system supports high-quality high-speed real-time communication.     

基于双重调制技术的可见光通信系统研究

LED调制带宽制约着可见光通信(VLC) 系统的数据传输速率。为此,提出一种基于双重调制技术COB(chip on board)封装 的LED灯具,通过实现16级脉冲振幅 调制(PAM),将系统数据传输速率提升4倍;结合脉冲宽度调制(PWM)技术 进行调光,同时兼顾室内的照明及通信。采用Matlab软件模拟仿真视频传输试 验。结果表明,在相同信噪比(SNR)的情况下,基于双重 调制技术的VLC系统的误码率(BER)比传统使用开关键控(OOK)调控技术系 统的BER更低。本文系统在不增加器件带宽前提下,成倍提高了无线通信的 质量与 数据传输速率;从照明与通信的角度优化了VLC系统的信源,具有广阔的 应用前景。     

Space‐time block coded spatial modulation with labeling diversity

Space‐time block coded spatial modulation (STBC‐SM) exploits the advantages of both spatial modulation and the Alamouti space‐time block code. Meanwhile, space‐time labeling diversity has demonstrated an improved bit error rate (BER) performance in comparison to the latter. Hence, in this paper, we extend the application of labeling diversity to STBC‐SM, which is termed STBC‐SM‐LD. Under identical channel assumptions, STBC‐SM‐LD exhibits superior BER performance compared to STBC‐SM. For example, with 4 × 4, 64‐quadrature amplitude modulation (64‐QAM), STBC‐SM‐LD has a BER performance gain of approximately 2.6 dB over STBC‐SM. Moreover, an asymptotic bound is presented to quantify the average BER performance of M‐ary QAM STBC‐SM‐LD over independent and identically distributed Rayleigh frequency‐flat fading channels. Monte Carlo simulations for STBC‐SM‐LD agree well with the analytical framework. In addition to the above, low‐complexity (LC) near‐maximum‐likelihood detectors for space‐time labeling diversity and STBC‐SM‐LD are presented. Complexity analysis of the proposed LC detectors shows a substantial reduction in computational complexity compared to their ML detector counterparts. For example, the proposed detector for STBC‐SM‐LD achieves a 91.9% drop in computational complexity for a 4 × 4, 64‐QAM system. The simulations further validate the near‐maximum‐likelihood performance of the LC detectors.