利用电致发光线的光学电压有效值传感器

利用电致发光(EL)线设计并实验研究了一种光学电压有效值传感器。所用EL线的主要材料为ZnS:Cu,在一定幅值的工频电压作用下,可产生中心波长约为525nm的可见光;将此EL用塑料光纤(POF)传输到光电探测器(PD),则PD的开路电压与被测电压有效值之间具有近似线性关系。对100～500V工频电压有效值进行了实验测量,其电压测量灵敏度约为10.8μV/V,非线性误差低于1.8%。实验测量了所用EL线的电致发光光谱、输入阻抗以及EL的温度特性。与以往基于Pockels电光效应的光学电压传感器不同的是,本文提出的电压传感器不需要工作光源,并具有结构简单、成本低等优点。     

影响AlInGaP LED光致发光与电致发光谱的决定性因素

对AlInGaP红色发光二极管(LED)芯片的发光特性进行了测试分析,在注入强度相等的条件下,EL与PL形状相似,但存在差异,对其光致发光(PL)和电致发光(EL)特性进行了测试分析,研究结果表明,EL与PL有着相同的产生机理,影响其发光谱的因素完全相同;发光光谱之间的差异并不是注入方式的差异,而是源于载流子的不同注入方式给LEDpn结温度带来的不同影响。     

SrS:CeCl_3薄膜的高亮度蓝色EL

用于薄膜电致发光(EL)器件的 SrS:CeCl_3发光层的结晶性能直接受与其邻近的底层膜的影响。在一种以强立方(111)取向 ZnS 薄膜作为底层的 EL 薄膜器件中实现了明亮的蓝色发射,在5KHz 正弦电压激发下,器件的最大亮度力100nt。根据 x 射线衍射图和发光层的光致发光光谱讨论了 EL特性。     

芴类衍生物有机电致发光器件中的激基复合物

利用紫外-可见光吸收光谱和荧光发光(PL)光谱,研究了新型芴类小分子材料2,3-bis(9,9-dihexyl-9H-flu-oren-2-yl)-6,7-difluoroquinoxaline(F2Py)的本征光谱特性,并制备了基于F2Py的有机电致发光器件(OLEDs),讨论了器件的电致发光(EL)光谱。结果表明,F2Py在溶液状态下的本征PL峰值位于452 nm,在薄膜状态下的本征PL峰值位于448 nm,而F2Py与NPB的混合物的PL发光峰在544 nm。在器件的EL光谱中,观察到了位于530~550 nm范围的激基复合物发光峰,以及来自F2Py与NPB激子发光的共同作用形成的位于430nm左右的肩峰。当F2Py层厚度为50 nm时,器件的启亮电压为17 V,最高亮度为58 cd/m2;而当F2Py厚度为20 nm并加入了Alq3(10 nm)做电子传输层(ETL)时,器件启亮电压为8 V,最高亮度为5030 cd/m2,EL性能大大提高。     

Ga2O3:Mn电致发光薄膜的微结构及光谱特性研究

采用电子束蒸发法在硅衬底或BaTiO3陶瓷基片上沉积了Ga2O3：Mn电致发光膜,并进行了不同温度热处理,制备了电致发光器件。用X射线衍射(XRD)分析了Ga2O3：Mn薄膜晶体结构;用荧光分光光度计测试了电致发光器件的发射光谱。研究了Ga：O。：Mn薄膜的晶体结构与其光谱特性之间的关系。实验结果表明,Ga2O3：Mn薄膜结晶度随热处理温度的提高而提高,且晶体结构和结晶取向也随之改变;经500℃热处理的Ga2O3：Mn薄膜电致发光器件发绿光,其光谱主峰分布在495～535nm之间,且随驱动电压增高,谱峰出现蓝移现象。     

LP-MOCVD法制作n-ZnO/p-Si异质结及其电致发光研究

采用低压-金属有机化学气相沉积法(LP-MOCVD)在(100)p-Si衬底上制备未掺杂n型ZnO薄膜,并制作了相应的n-ZnO/p-Si异质结器件.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、光致发光(PL)光谱和霍尔测试分别研究了所制备薄膜的结构、光学和电学特性.得到具有较高质量的n型ZnO薄膜.在室温条件下,测得了该类异质结器件正向注入电流下可见光和近红外区域的电致发光(EL).     

高温导致三结太阳电池电致发光谱变化

高温下半导体材料性能会发生变化,影响太阳电池光电转换效率。为了了解Ga In P/Ga As/Ge三结太阳电池在聚光和高温条件下的工作性质,研究了热加载后的三结太阳电池样品在定压下的电致发光谱,发现受热后Ga In P顶电池和Ga As中电池的电致发光谱的强度发生变化,出现峰值反转的现象。结合光照下伏-安特性、暗伏安特性及外量子效率分析了这种现象产生的原因,即加热过程在Ga In P顶电池中引入晶格结构缺陷,导致其电致发光强度变弱,同时顶电池并联电阻变小,Ga As中电池分压有所增加,发光增强,整个样品的电致发光谱出现峰值反转现象。结果表明Ga As中电池比Ga In P顶电池具有更好的耐热性。     

Ga_2O_3∶Mn电致发光薄膜的微结构及光谱特性研究

采用电子束蒸发法在硅衬底或 Ba Ti O3陶瓷基片上沉积了 Ga2 O3∶Mn电致发光膜 ,并进行了不同温度热处理 ,制备了电致发光器件。用 X射线衍射 ( XRD)分析了 Ga2 O3∶ Mn薄膜晶体结构 ;用荧光分光光度计测试了电致发光器件的发射光谱。研究了 Ga2 O3∶ Mn薄膜的晶体结构与其光谱特性之间的关系。实验结果表明 ,Ga2 O3∶ Mn薄膜结晶度随热处理温度的提高而提高 ,且晶体结构和结晶取向也随之改变 ;经 5 0 0℃热处理的 Ga2 O3∶ Mn薄膜电致发光器件发绿光 ,其光谱主峰分布在 495～ 5 3 5 nm之间 ,且随驱动电压增高 ,谱峰出现蓝移现象     

蓝色发光有机电致发光器件

具有多层薄膜结构,发射鲜蓝色光的有机电致发光(EL)器件已经制成并为选择蓝色发光材料制定了二个经验性指南。要获到具有高 EL 效率的 EL 器件,关键是发射层要有优异的成膜能力以及发射极与载流子输运材料的适当组合,避免形成激态复合物。在我们的有机电致发光器件中,有一个器件在电流密度为100mA/cm~2,直流驱动电压为10V 时,蓝光发射亮度达700cd/m~2。     

刻划的富硅二氧化硅/p-Si结构的光致发光和电致发光

以磁控溅射方法于 p- Si上淀积富硅二氧化硅 ,形成富硅二氧化硅 /p- Si结构 ,用金刚刀在其正面刻划出方形网格后在 N2 气氛中退火 ,其光致发光 (PL)谱与未刻划的经同样条件退火的对比样品的 PL 谱有很大不同 .未刻划样品的 PL 谱只有一个峰 ,位于 840 nm (1.48e V) ,而刻划样品的 PL 谱是双峰结构 ,峰位分别位于 6 30 nm(1.97e V)和 840 nm.80 0℃退火的刻划富硅二氧化硅 /p- Si样品在背面蒸铝制成欧姆接触和正面蒸上半透明金电极后在正向偏压 10 V下的电致发光 (EL)强度约为同样制备的未经刻划样品在同样测试条件下的 EL 强度的 6倍 .EL 谱形状也有明     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.