生活垃圾填埋场对地下水的污染研究

从分析河北省生活垃圾及其渗沥液化学成分入手,确定生活垃圾及其渗沥液的主要成分。通过实例,采用污染指数法,分析研究生活垃圾填埋场对地下水的污染情况,并总结河北省18个生活垃圾填埋场对地下水的污染规律。结果表明:生活垃圾填埋场总体上已对地下水造成了较严重污染,其污染程度因垃圾填埋场所处的地貌单元不同而有差别。     

城币生活垃圾卫生填埋场选址的水文地质条件约束

城市生活垃圾卫生填埋场的选址涉及多方面因素，本文充分论述了水文地质条件对填埋场选址的约束，以及如何对水文地质条件进行充分调查和勘查，优选出安全可靠的城市垃圾的地下填埋场，使城市的发展和环境保护的需求之间达到最优化的联合。重点分析了对地下填埋场选址的地质条件约束，包括含水层的特征、地下水特征、地质、岩性、地质构造等因素。最后说明了城市垃圾填埋场地质勘查的工作程序、步骤和方法。     

城市生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液水质影响因素分析及水质预测

城市垃圾填埋场的研究与设计在我国尚处于起步阶段，妥善处理垃圾渗滤液则是垃圾填埋场设计成败的关键。由于国内填埋场渗滤液水质现场监测资料极有限，且影响渗滤液水质的因素很多，因此填埋场渗滤液水质的确定是其处理工艺研究和设计的基础。本文论述了城市生活垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液水质的影响因素和预测渗滤液水质的方法，可供渗滤液处理工艺研究、设计与管理者参考。     

唐山市某垃圾填埋场对浅层地下水水质的影响

垃圾填埋是我国目前处理城市生活垃圾的主要方式,由此引发的垃圾填埋场渗滤液对地下水污染已成为当前主要的水环境污染.选择唐山市某垃圾填埋场为研究对象,通过对垃圾填埋场周围布孔,对地下水取样和监测,分析了垃圾填埋场对其周围地下水环境的影响.结果表明地下水中污染因子主要为COD、NH4 +-N、NO3-N、总硬度及溶解性总固体.目前该区域地下水已受到垃圾填埋场渗滤液的污染,在第四系地层保持完整而不被破坏的情况下,形成的地下水污染晕深度不超过30 m.随着垃圾填埋场运行时间的延长,垃圾渗滤液对周围浅层地下水环境的影响范围及程度还有待于进一步研究.     

垃圾填埋场地下水风险管控技术研究

填埋仍然是我国处理生活垃圾的重要方式,垃圾填埋场根据其实际运营情况分为正规及非正规两类。本文选取了2种垃圾填埋场案例,通过分析已有的调查结果,对非正规和正规垃圾填埋场的污染情况进行比较;同时,讨论了目前适应最广泛和最具发展前景的几种地下水风险管控技术,以及对垃圾填埋场的适用性。     

小型生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工程设计

小型生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液产量少、管理水平低,如何选用合适的渗滤液处理技术是一个令管理者困扰的问题.简要介绍了生活垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液常用处理技术,结合工程实例,对采用矿化垃圾工艺处理渗滤液进行了探讨,并分析了该技术的特点.     

重庆主城区垃圾处理及长生桥卫生填埋场设计总结

本文对重庆市主城区垃圾填埋场设计进行了总结。根据其生活垃圾的特征、处理规模及处理现状宜采用卫生填埋处理。通过对场址防渗方案的比较，采用铺设高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）膜来防渗。还简要介绍了填埋场垃圾渗滤液和废气的收集系统。     

光催化氧化法处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液的试验研究

在阐述垃圾填埋场渗滤液的产生、特征及国内外治理途径的基础上，对光催化氧化技术用于垃圾填埋场渗滤液的深度处理的可行性及其影响因素进行了实验室规模的试验研究。试验水样取自广州市李坑填埋场渗滤液，经过氧化沟生物法处理的排水，其水质为ｐＨ８０～８５，ＣＯ...     

城市垃圾填埋场选址地质影响因素分析

生活垃圾卫生填埋场的选址涉及多方面因素，该文结合我国的标准提出了垃圾填埋场选址中应该注意的地质问题，主要包括第四纪地层、基岩和地质构造对选址的影响，并说明了城市垃圾场地质勘察的工作程序、方法。     

黑河市垃圾填埋场防渗系统施工方法

垃圾填埋场防渗工程是垃圾治理的重要组成部分,必须防止垃圾对地下水的污染,并符合相关的技术规范要求,黑河市垃圾填埋场采用水平防渗、自然和人工结合的防渗技术措施,取得了较好的效果。     

Toxicity and treatability of leachate: application of UASB reactor for leachate treatment from Okhla landfill, New Delhi

This study reports applicability of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) process to treat the leachate from a municipal landfill located in Delhi. A laboratory scale reactor was operated at an organic loading rate of 3.00 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/m(3) d corresponding to a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 h for over 8 months. The effect of toxicity of leachate, and feed composition on the treatability of leachate was evaluated. Average COD of the leachate, during the study period varied between 8,880 and 66,420 mg/l. Toxicity of the leachate used during a period of 8 months varied from LC50 1.22 to 12.35 for 96 h. The removal efficiency of soluble COD ranged between 91 and 67% for fresh leachate and decreased drastically from 90 to 35% for old leachate having high toxicity. The efficiency varied from 81 to 65%. The reactor performed more efficiently for the treatment of fresh leachate (less toxic, LC50 11.64, 12.35, and 12.15 for 96 h) as compared with old leachate (more toxic, LC50 1.22 for 96 h). Toxicity of the leachate affected its treatment potential by the UASB.     

Occurrence and distribution of leachate in a solid waste landfill: A field‐scale study

A field‐scale analysis for leachate flow was done for Sections 1/9 and 6/7 of the Fresh Kills landfill at Staten Island, New York. The leachate monitoring programme included field data collection of the leachate mound level for a six‐month period. The monitoring points consisted of discretely screened piezometers and wells set at various depths down to the bottom of the landfill. The position of the iso‐leachate mound head lines, derived from the field data, represented and delineated the shape of the leachate mound inside the landfill. The field data of the leachate mound head were used in the analysis of the hydraulic properties of the refuse and leachate flow rates through Sections 1/9 and 6/7 of the landfill. Piezometers and wells installed near the existing leachate collection line in Section 1/9 helped establish the gradients from which a refined estimate of the hydraulic conductivity was made. From the leachate mound head contours and flow gradients, contributions of flow from different sections of the mound were identified. Finally, the leachate flow rates were computed using Darcy's law.     

Limit equilibrium analysis of translational failure of landfills under different leachate buildup conditions

Excessive leachate levels in landfills can be a major triggering mechanism for translational failure. The scope of this paper is to present the development of the calculation methods for limit equilibrium analysis of translational failure of landfills and the effects of parametric variation on the factor of safety （FS） of landfills under different leachate buildup conditions. During the development of the calculation methods, 4 leachate buildup conditions are considered. The FS for an interface with high friction angle and low apparent cohesion generally drops much more quickly when leachate levels are increased than that for an interface under inverse conditions. The critical interface of a multilayer liner system with the lowest FS for the entire waste mass can shift from one to another with changes in the leachate levels. The different interfaces of a multilayer liner will have different FS-values under different leachate buildup conditions.     

生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理规模的探讨

研究了生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液产生的不同途径,以垃圾填埋过程及场外影响因素为研究对象,以入渗系数法为基础,提出了逐年平均法预测渗滤液产生量的公式,以此确定填埋场渗滤液处理系统的设计规模。在此基础上,结合工程实例,验证了预测方法的可靠性。     

城市垃圾渗滤液对地下水的污染及防治对策

文中主要阐述了城市垃圾渗滤液对地下水的污染情况，分析了垃圾渗液的主要成分，提出了环境监测方法，并针对垃圾渗滤液的特征以及我国目前的情况提出了其污染防治对策。     

灰水作为渗透液时土壤的渗透特性研究

对通过不同渗透液时土壤的渗透试验,研究了灰水作为渗透液时土壤的渗透性质和特点。研究结果表明,由于灰水中的离子浓度较高,用它作为渗透液,土壤的渗透系数比用常规渗透试验用水得到的渗透系数要大,这种差别主要与灰水中钙离子的含量有关,含量越高渗透系数越大;灰水作为渗透液时土壤长期渗透所造成的渗透系数降低幅度也比用常规脱气水或蒸馏水小。     

Ultrasound as a pre-oxidation for biological landfill leachate treatment.

In this study, the effects of low energy ultrasound irradiation on landfill leachate treatment by means of sequencing bath reactor were investigated. The aim of this work was to estimate the influence of leachate irradiation time on aerobic treatment efficiency. The sonification of the leachate was carried out in static conditions using the disintegrator UD-20. The field frequency of 22 kHz (the power output equals to 180 W) and amplitude of 12 microm was applied. The sonification time was changed in the range of 30-140 s. It was found that ultrasonic pretreatment enhances the subsequent aerobic digestion resulting in a better degradation of landfill leachate. The sonification of raw leachate leads to enhancement of COD and ammonia removal as compare to experiment without ultrasound.     

Enhancing waste decomposition and methane production in simulated landfill using combined anaerobic reactors.

The design of leachate recirculation to enhance municipal solid waste decomposition, methane production and microbial activities was taken into account in this study by using the combined anaerobic reactors of a simulated high organic content landfill reactor and a stabilized fixed film anaerobic reactor. The latter aimed to treat high strength leachate from the simulated landfill reactor before recirculation back to the former reactor. The results showed the possibility to apply this technique to high organic waste landfill where rapid and accumulative acids formed in the leachate were removed and treated by a fixed film anaerobic reactor. In addition, the treated leachate when circulated back to the simulated bioreactor landfill helps accelerate waste decomposition and methane production by providing buffer capacity as well as diluting organic content in the leachate to achieve the favourable conditions for acidogen and methanogen, respectively, to rapidly enter into the methanogenesis phase.     

模拟渗滤液和压力对压实黏土衬垫渗透性影响的试验研究

衬垫材料防渗性能的好坏是决定填埋场有效性的关键,而渗滤液和受力条件是影响衬垫渗透系数的重要因素。从填埋场衬垫实际渗滤液和受力状态分析出发,选择CaCl2溶液为模拟渗滤液,研究模拟渗滤液和竖向压力对压实黏土衬垫渗透系数的影响。结果表明：当以模拟渗滤液代替水进行试验时,渗透系数增加约2倍;当竖向压力增大2倍时（从200 kPa增至400 kPa）,渗透系数减小约1个数量级。双因素方差分析表明：相对于竖向压力,模拟渗滤液对渗透系数的影响较小;在衬垫设计与评价时,考虑竖向应力的影响是非常必要的。     

垃圾渗滤液污染物层状砂箱模拟试验

通过自制的二维砂箱模拟垃圾渗滤液污染物在层状含水层中的运移,得出了渗滤液中Cl-,SO2-4、总硬度(CaCO2)在地下环境中的迁移和时空分布规律,该实验模型较好地反映了层状层中污染物渗漏的基本特征,对预测、控制渗滤液污染地下水提供了一种试验方法.