CA型抗静电剂在PET中的应用

本文主要介绍了由聚醚类化合物和烷基磺酸盐或磷酸酯复合的抗静电剂所研制的耐久性抗静电涤纶长丝。并就抗静电剂分子量分布、抗静电剂的含量以及湿度对抗静电效果的影响和该抗静电纤维耐水洗性能进行了探讨。     

季铵盐型阳离子抗静电剂的合成及应用

针对合成纤维的静电问题，研制了十二烷基二甲基乙基溴化铵、十二烷基二甲基羟乙基氯化铵和马来酸二乙酯双（十二烷基二甲基氯化铵）３种抗静电剂。应用于已脱油的腈纶纤维和丙纶纤维，抗静电效果良好。对３种抗静电剂在不同浓度时的抗静电效果进行了比较，选取了适宜的低浓度范围０．５％￣１％。进行了耐水洗试验。     

合成纤维油剂中抗静电剂性能的研究

详细的研究了阴离子、阳离子、非离子型以及两性抗静电剂在不同纤维中的抗静电性能。结果表明，在各种抗静电剂中，阴离子型中的C8-10PK（烷基磷酸酯钾盐）的抗静电效果最好。对于不同纤维而言，各种类型的抗静电剂效果不同。     

抗静电聚丙烯纤维的研制

采用聚丙烯(PP)接枝顺丁烯二酸酐、聚乙二醇和氧化锌的方法制备抗静电剂,再与PP切片共混纺丝,得到抗静电PP纤维,测试了纤维的力学性能和抗静电性能等。结果表明:随抗静电剂含量的增加,抗静电PP纤维的力学性能先有升高(抗静电剂质量分数小于5%)而后逐渐下降,体积比电阻降至10~8Ω·cm,静电半衰期保持在60s以下,抗静电效果优良。     

PEG-ZnO-PP复合抗静电剂及其对聚丙烯纤维的改性

选用相对分子质量分别为10 000和20 000的聚乙二醇(PEG 10000,PEG 20000)与氧化锌(ZnO)、马来酸酐(MAH)混合,再与聚丙烯(PP)共混,制备复合抗静电剂(PEG-ZnO-PP),然后将其与PP共混纺丝,制得共混纤维。研究了PEG-ZnO-PP复合抗静电剂的流动性和热性能,考察了共混纤维的力学性能和抗静电性。结果表明:复合抗静电剂的流动性和热性能因PEG的相对分子质量不同而有所不同,含PEG 10000的复合抗静电剂的流动性能较好,且其熔融热焓、熔融结晶温度、结晶放热高于含PEG 20000的复合抗静电剂。共混纤维力学性能和静电半衰期随复合抗静电剂含量的增加而减小,含PEG 20000的共混纤维抗静电效果更好。     

PET—PEO—DSAS—NaCl四元共混改性涤纶抗静电性能的研究

本研究采用PEO—DSAS—NaCl复合抗静电剂与PET进行熔融共混纺丝,制备了具有优良抗静电性及耐久性的抗静电涤纶纤维。通过对改性纤维的共混形态、力学性能及抗静电性能的研究,探讨了复合抗静电剂的作用机理及耐洗涤性原因。认为在PET—PEO—DSAS—NaCl四元共混体系中,复合抗静电剂各组分间可产生效果加强的协同作用(Potentiation Synergism),而使得抗静电及耐久性大大优于各组分单独使用时抗静电性及耐久性的代数加和。     

抗静电聚酯的研制及性能分析

归纳分析国内外聚酯抗静电方法，采用复合抗静电剂（SRA）研制抗静电聚酯（SRPET）及纤维，探讨SRA的添加量、合成及纺丝工艺。纤维碱减量处理后，抗静电性能和手感均有所改善。     

新型抗静电涤纶的研制 Ⅲ.新型PET抗静电纤维纺丝工艺研究

采用新合成的ＰＥＧ－ＰＥＴ－ＰＳＩＰＥ（ＡＰＰＳ）嵌段高分子抗静电剂与ＰＥＴ进行熔融共混纺丝，制备了具有优良抗静电性能及耐久性的抗静电涤纶。通过对共混物流变性、可纺性及纤维抗静电性能等的研究，确定了抗静电纤维的生产工艺条件及抗静电剂的型号。结果表明：选用ＡＰＰＳ５＃抗静电剂，其添加量为３％～４％时，可制得比纯ＰＥＴ纤维体积比电阻下降４个数量级的永久性抗静电纤维。     

第七十七讲 氨纶纤维抗静电改性技术概述

本文介绍了抗静电剂作用机理和表面活性剂类抗静电剂的分类以及在高分子材料中应用特点,并结合聚氨酯结构特点和表面活性剂的不同使用效果,客观分析了氨纶纤维三种抗静电改性技术的优缺点(接枝共聚改性、制备导电纤维、采用表面活性剂),提出了内置添加强极性阴离子表面活性剂结合涂敷硬脂酸镁改性技术,该改性技术可以有效改善氨纶纤维的抗静电性能。     

新型抗静电涤纶的研制：Ⅱ.新型PET抗静电纤维纺丝工艺研究

采用新合成的ＰＥＴ－ＰＥＴ－ＰＳＩＰＥ嵌段高抗静电剂与ＰＥＴ进行熔融共混纺丝，制备了具有优良抗静电性能及耐久性的抗静电涤纶。通过对共混物流变性，可纺丝及纤维抗静电性能等的研究，确定了抗静电纤维的生产工艺条件及抗静电剂的型号。     

Preparation of polyamide fibres with antistatic properties

Conclusions It has been found that the ethoxylated phenols which are used as additives to PCA have antistatic properties. Increasing the content of ethoxy groups or the presence of an alkyl radical on the aromatic nucleus reduces their antistatic action.Ethoxylated phenols with a low ethoxy group content have an antistatic effect which is resistant to water treatment. With increase in ethoxy group content, the resistance of the polycaproamide to wet treatments is reduced, the presence of an alkyl radical on the aromatic ring increasing it.Some considerations have been advanced about the mechanism of action of the antistatic additives under study. A method is suggested for selecting them.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 49–51, November–December, 1983.     

聚苯乙烯磺酸钠对抗静电聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯流变性能的影响

用Rheometric RAD-III型平板动态流变仪对所含组分不同的抗静电聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)样品进行了测试,结果发现小分子抗静电剂的加入使聚合物失去其粘弹性特性,而当部分小分子抗静电剂被聚苯乙烯磺酸钠替代后,聚合物又重新表现出粘弹特性。这表明聚苯乙烯磺酸钠与小分子抗静电剂及聚合物基体之间发生了相互作用。     

合成纤维永久性抗静电剂

介绍了合成纤维抗静电剂的种类及其抗静电机理,比较了各类抗静电剂的性能特点及其在应用上的影响因素。为了获得具有永久抗静电性能纤维,在抗静电剂的选择和应用上,应考虑其与改性组分的相容性、耐水性及相互之间的组配;对同一类型的抗静电剂,则应考虑其添加量、分子量对抗静电性能的影响,同时通过工艺的控制与调节以获得有利于静电荷泄漏的共混纤维形态结构。     

高分子材料抗静电技术与应用

介绍抗静电高分子材料的研究概况。重点阐述目前提高高分子材料抗静电性能采取的主要方法:添加抗静电剂法、与结构型导电高分子材料共混法和添加导电填料法。分析了这些方法改进高分子材料的抗静电性能的特点,并介绍其应用情况。指出抗静电高分子材料的发展趋势。     

Preparation and electrostatic properties of antistatic acrylics

Very good antistatic acrylic films or fabrics can be prepared by exposing the acrylic samples containing oxidizing agent to aniline vapor. The conductivity, the maximum static charge, and the half-life time are used for estimation of electrostatic properties. The effects of the content of polyaniline and the temperature and time of exposure to aniline vapor on the electrostatic properties have been investigated. The stability of conductivity to ambient air exposure and the temperature dependence of conductivity for antistatic acrylic films have also been investigated.     

塑料抗静电剂的研究进展

综述了塑料静电的危害,抗静电剂的分类和特性,论述了抗静电剂的使用技术和作用机理,介绍了国内外抗静电剂的生产厂家和产品类型。着重论述了国内外抗静电剂的研究现状和国外现阶段研究重点高分子永久性抗静电剂的研究现状,同时也对我国抗静电剂的发展提出了建议。     

高聚合度软质PVC抗静电材料的开发

分别采用了填充空壳结构的导电炭黑、乙炔炭黑和抗静电剂SP 8(烷基醇酰胺类 )改良高聚合度聚氯乙烯 (HPVC)的抗静电性。着重考察了填料 (CaCO3)用量与塑炼工艺对抗静电性能的影响     

Surface antistatic treatment of polyamide yarns with long-chain quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxymethanesulfonic acid

Conclusions A surface treatment of polyamide yarns in the stages of spinning and stretching has been described, with aqueous solutions of long-chain quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxymethanesulfonic acid, with subsequent heat-setting, as a result of which the yarns acquire long-term antistatic properties.The optimum conditions for surface antistatic treatment of polyamide yarns which have been selected permit one to carry out this process on equipment which is used in the preparation of serially produced complex yarns and fibres.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 36–38, July–August, 1987.     

The investigation of antistatic effects of 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium ethyl sulphate for acrylic-based polymer film

This study aims to produce a long-term antistatic acrylic-based film by incorporating ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium ethyl sulphate (EIL) into acrylic resin. After loading, characterisations of samples were conducted by mechanically, thermally and morphologically. In order to determine antistatic properties, surface resistivity of samples was measured by using at different time intervals. The results indicated that IL loaded polymers showed a good antistatic property for a long time. The effect of incorporation on tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus of polymer were also obtained. After loading process, tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus values decreased considerably. The decrement in tensile strength of polymer is much less than that in flexural strength. The effect of EIL incorporation into acrylic resin on thermal conductivity and surface wettability was also investigated. From scanning electron microscopy images, EIL particles in nano-size range were observed in polymer structure.     

长链脂肪族氧化胺对合成纤维的抗静电作用

研究了题示表面活性剂对涤纶和丙纶的抗静电性能,探讨了不同结构的脂肪族氧化胺的抗静电效果和环境湿度、上油量对其抗静电性的影响。认为:氧化胺在低湿(30%RH)条件下也能保持良好的抗静电作用;二甲基十二烷基氧化胺在同类物中的抗静电性最佳(比电阻为0.95×10~8Ω);氧化胺作丙纶油剂的抗静电组分,可提高丙纶的加工性能和成品质量;氧化胺在纤维上的上油量(0.06%)相当低时也显示了较好的抗静电作用。