疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的合成与表征

综述了疏水缔合型水溶性聚合物合成与表征方法，介绍了在合成过程中提高油溶性单体和水溶性单体混溶性的方法，简述了疏水物质含量的核磁共振、紫外光谱、裂解气相色谱等测定方法。     

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的分子结构对疏水缔合的影响

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物是水溶性聚合物中含有少量疏水基团,在水溶液中疏水基团由于范德华力聚集在一起,使水溶液具有良好的增粘作用和抗盐耐温性。对该类聚合物的分子结构对疏水缔合的影响作了综述。     

水溶性疏水缔合聚合物单体的合成

水溶性疏水缔合聚合物含有大量的亲水基团和少量的疏水基团,疏水基团间的疏水缔合作用使这种聚合物具有独特的增粘、抗剪切、耐温和耐盐的溶液性能,通常采用亲水单体和疏水单体共聚制备这类聚合物。对常用亲水单体AMPS及各类疏水单体如季铵盐不饱和单体AMPDAC和DAMAB、长链丙烯酸酯,N-烷基丙烯酰胺和N-芳烷基丙烯酰胺的合成进行了综述。     

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物在水性涂料中的研究进展

简述了疏水缔合型水溶性聚合物的合成方法 ,对增稠机理和特性作了评述 ,指出了其发展方向     

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的研究进展

综述了疏水缔合水溶性聚合物研究的现状及发展,聚合物合成与表征方法,展望了它在油气开采、污水处理、生物医学、涂料工业的应用,对于该方向的进一步研究和发展趋势给出了一些建议。     

新型疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的合成及溶液性能研究

以十八碳醇、TDI和丙烯酸为原料制备了一种带苯基和长链烷基的N-取代丙烯酰胺类疏水单体NSAM。该单体和丙烯酰胺以单体比n(NSAM)：n(AM)为0．75：99．25，采用自由基胶束共聚合成了一种疏水缔合水溶性高分子AM—co-NSAM。研究了AM—co-NSAM在NaCl、KCl、BaCl2、CaCl2溶液中比浓黏度的盐效应；初步探讨了不同盐溶液、不同盐浓度对大分子之间相互作用的影响。实验结果表明：在不同盐溶液中，AM—co—NSAM都表现出盐增黏效应，其二价盐的影响较一价盐显著；随着盐质量浓度的升高，特性黏数[η]下降且低于纯水中的相应值5.841dL／g，而Huggins常数KH增大且高于0．3。     

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的合成与应用研究进展

综述了疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的合成和应用的研究进展。合成方法包括大分子反应法、共聚法、乳液聚合法、阴离子聚合法、活性可控自由基聚合、超声波法、超临界二氧化碳介质法等,应用领域包括石油工业、涂料工业、污水处理、生物医药材料、工程材料等,并且展望了新的合成方向和应用前景。     

新型疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的合成及溶液性能研究

以四甲基乙二胺分别与溴代正十四烷/溴代正十六烷反应得到单季铵盐,再与溴丙烯反应即得到2种新型疏水单体十四烷基烯丙基二溴化四甲基乙二铵(C14PDBTMN)和十六烷基烯丙基二溴化四甲基乙二铵(C16PDBTMN)。用1HNMR和IR对单体结构进行表征,结果表明为目标化合物。以C16PDBTMN为功能性单体,和丙烯酰胺进行共聚得到新型疏水缔合物P(C16PDBTMN/AM),研究表明,新型疏水缔合物具有其独特的抗盐、抗剪切性能。     

疏水缔合聚合物增稠性能研究

在不同条件下 ,进行了疏水缔合聚合物增稠性能研究 ,结果表明疏水缔合聚合物在蒸馏水中 ,基本上看不到疏水缔合效果 ;疏水缔合聚合物的氯化钠溶液或氯化钙溶液 ,在缔合临界矿化度之前 ,随着溶液矿化度的增大 ,溶液粘度逐渐降低 ;在缔合临界矿化度之后 ,随着溶液矿化度的增大 ,溶液粘度迅速升高 ,达到极大值后又逐渐下降 ;油田采出污水中均存在较高含量的钙、镁等高价离子 ,疏水缔合聚合物在油田采出污水中 ,随着矿化度和温度的升高 ,疏水缔合增稠效果越差。认为目前把疏水缔合聚合物作为油田三次采油用耐温抗盐聚合物研制的主攻方向是不合适的     

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的研究进展

疏水缔合水溶性聚合物是一种亲水性大分子链上带有少量疏水基团的水溶性聚合物 ,其特有的两亲分子结构使溶液具有独特的流变性。从疏水缔合聚合物的分子结构模型及聚合方法、溶液结构形成方式与类型、聚合物分子结构对溶液性质的影响以及聚合物在界面的吸附行为等方面综述了最新研究进展 ,展望了它在油气开采、污水污泥处理、涂料工业、生物医药、工程材料等方面的应用前景。     

AM/NVP/DMMAC共聚物反相乳液聚合研究

采用反相乳液聚合方法,以煤油为介质,司班80为乳化剂,十二胺为助乳化剂合成了疏水缔合聚合物AM/NVP/DMMAC,研究了反应温度、引发剂用量、反应时间、疏水单体DMMAC用量、NVP用量等对反应和聚合物性能的影响。结果表明,合成聚合物的适宜条件为:引发剂浓度0.1%,疏水单体DMMAC加量为0.4%,NVP加量为5%,反应温度40℃。     

Polymeric and non-crosslinked acid self-thickening agent based on hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymer during the acid rock reaction

Different from traditional crosslinked polymer diverting agents, a polymeric and non-crosslinked acid self-thickening agent (ZPAM) based on hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymer of acrylamide (AM), [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (DMC) and N,N′-dimethyl octadecyl allyl ammonium chloride (DOAC) was synthesized. The apparent viscosity variation of ZPAM acid solutions in acid rock reaction and rheological properties of ZPAM spent acid solutions were studied. Results showed that ZPAM acid solutions demonstrated good uninterruptedly thickening ability from low apparent viscosity to high apparent viscosity during the acid rock reaction. Meanwhile, ZPAM spent acid solutions showed good shear resistance, viscoelasticity and high temperature resistance. The thickening mechanism of ZPAM acid solutions during the acid rock reaction was explained by apparent viscosity change, rheological properties of simulative ZPAM acid solutions, and ZPAM aqueous solutions with different concentrations of CaCl₂. The results showed increasing calcium chloride concentration enhanced the hydrophobic association strength of the thickener solution, resulting in increasing solution viscosity, in other words, the self-thickening agent showed excellent salt resistance and acid resistance. In addition, the change of association strength of ZPAM acid solutions during the acid rock reaction was further confirmed via environmental scanning electron micrographs and UV spectrum. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47907.     

Emulsion polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene: effects of reaction conditions on the polymerization rate and polymer molecular weight

The emulsion polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) was carried out in a semibatch reactor using a chemical initiator (ammonium persulfate) and a fluorinated surfactant (FC-143). The effects of the reaction condition were investigated though the polymerization rate, molecular weight of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and stability of the dispersion. The emulsion polymerization of TFE was different from conventional emulsion polymerization. The polymerization rate was suppressed when the polymer particles were significantly coagulated. The polymerization rate increased with operating temperature, surfactant concentration, and agitation speed, due to the enhanced stability of the polymer particles. However, once the parameter value was reached, the rate decreased due to the coagulation of the particles. Stable PTFE dispersion particles were obtained when the surfactant concentration was in the range between 3.48 × 10⁻³ and 32.48 × 10⁻³ mol/liter, which is below critical micelle concentration (CMC). The molecular weight of the PTFE obtained was a function of the surfactant and initiator concentrations, and the polymerization temperature. The molecular weight increased as each parameter decreased. This is against the phenomena observed in a conventional emulsion polymerization. A stable PTFE dispersion polymer having a high molecular weight was obtained by optimizing the reaction conditions. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 777–793, 1999     

组合式搅拌器对疏水缔合聚合物溶解特性的影响

机械搅拌是目前加速疏水缔合聚合物溶解熟化所广泛采用的一种方法。然而,聚合物溶解是一个从多相到单相、从低黏到高黏的变化过程,单一搅拌器用于聚合物的溶解过程存在诸多的问题。本文采用适用中低黏度的翼型搅拌器（KCX）和适用高黏度的锚框式搅拌器（MS）的组合,通过实验研究了翼型搅拌器不同操作方式（上翻或下压）和锚框式搅拌器不同转速等操作工况对聚合物溶解熟化过程中的作用,并将翼型搅拌器功率的实验数据与数值模拟的结果进行了比较。研究结果表明：翼型和锚框式搅拌器在聚合物不同的溶解熟化过程中其作用是不一样的;双搅拌器的同向运行可以促进罐内的流动和整体循环,加速聚合物的溶解和熟化;采用翼型搅拌器下压操作（KCXD）与MS搅拌器同向运转操作方式最利于聚合物的溶解和熟化。     

Synthesis,characterization, and solution properties of a surface‐active hydrophobically associating polymer

A nonionic surfmer (MAA‐EO₂₃C₁₂) was prepared and reacted with acrylamide, acrylic acid, and a double tailed hydrophobic monomer (BTMAM) to synthesize a surface‐active hydrophobically associating copolymer (SHAP) through photoinitiated free radical copolymerization in aqueous solution. Fourier transform infrared and ¹H‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to characterize the functional monomer and the SHAP. Several performance evaluations, such as viscosification property, temperature resistance, salt tolerance, and shear resistance, were also conducted. Experiment results demonstrated that the introduced nonionic surfmer and hydrophobic monomer could endow the copolymer with excellent temperature resistance, salt tolerance, and shear resistance capability at low concentration. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46569.     

疏水缔合聚合物剪切降解对SZ36-1油田采出水稳定性影响

研究了不同剪切降解聚合物对原油模拟油与模拟水体系的界面张力、界面剪切粘度、Zeta电位的影响.结果表明,水相为疏水缔合聚合物溶液时,随聚合物剪切降解程度增加,原油模拟油油水界面张力降低,界面剪切粘度减小,Zeta电位的绝对值总体呈增加趋势.     

Synthesis and characterization of high molecular weight water-soluble polymers

The synthesis of high molecular weight acrylic water-soluble polymers in heterophase water-in-oil polymerizations is discussed. A mechanism has been elucidated which includes elementary reactions in the continuous (organic) and dispersed (aqueous) phases, as well as the interfacial layer. The latter allows for the identification of interfacially active species which can concurrently enhance stability and increase the linear molecular weight of the polymer. Suitable species are found to contain multiple radically active functional groups on either the hydrophilic or hydrophobic moieties. A one-point light-scattering method is also developed which improves the accuracy in molecular-weight estimation to /pi5%. compared with /pi10% for the conventional dilution procedure. This is demonstrated for high molecular weight polyacrylamides and is found to reduce the sample measurement time fourfold, to 20 min.