基于信任机制的资源调度模型

资源调度模型是计算网格资源管理系统的主要部分之一.当前计算网格中资源调度模型的调度机制和信任机制相分离,忽略了信任的缺失引发的恶意行为会影响到整个网格系统的运行效率和调度安全.定义了域间和域内信任度的计算方法,设计了信任机制模块的调度算法.在分析现有的网格资源调度模型的基础上,增加了安全调度控制模块-信任机制模块,提出了基于信任机制的网格资源调度模型.这样大大地提高了任务调度的成功率,增强了系统的可靠性和安全性.     

基于多任务拍卖的资源调度算法

资源调度是计算网格资源管理系统的主要内容之一。文中借鉴市场模型中的拍卖机制,通过用户代理、资源代理、拍卖师和资源的交互作用,设计并实现了一个基于多任务拍卖的网格资源调度原型系统,系统使用多拍卖师结构,提高了作业的吞吐率并且可以有效地防止拍卖过程中双方的欺骗行为,改进了网格资源的调度性能。同时,与传统算法相比,该算法能够有效地配置资源和满足用户的服务质量需求。     

基于多任务拍卖的资源调度算法

资源调度是计算网格资源管理系统的主要内容之一。文中借鉴市场模型中的拍卖机制，通过用户代理、资源代理、拍卖师和资源的交互作用，设计并实现了一个基于多任务拍卖的网格资源调度原型系统，系统使用多拍卖师结构，提高了作业的吞吐率并且可以有效地防止拍卖过程中双方的欺骗行为，改进了网格资源的调度性能。同时，与传统算法相比，该算法能够有效地配置资源和满足用户的服务质量需求。     

一种冗余调度的可靠网格计算模型

为了解决动态、不稳定的网格环境下的可靠计算问题,提出一种基于冗余调度的可靠网格计算模型.首先给出计算网格系统可靠性的定义,并基于系统可靠性定义给出了冗余调度的可靠网格计算模型,设计了冗余调度算法,模拟实验结果证明了提出的模型可以提高计算网格任务调度的可靠性.为了使提出的模型更好应用于实际网格计算环境,给出基于概率的冗余度优化公式,将该公式引入到冗余调度模型,可以获得优化的调度冗余度,不仅可以提高任务调度系统的可靠性,而且能提高资源的利用率.     

计算网格中动态负载平衡的分布调度模式

网格计算下对资源进行有效的管理和调度可以提高系统的利用率.在对现有若干调度方法的研究和分析基础上,针对计算网格中的负载平衡问题,提出了一种分布式网格作业调度模型,并给出相关算法.算法通过建立主从模式的负载信息收集机制,提供给节点全局负载信息,加速重负载节点的负载转移速度.通过有效的负载平衡模式,解决资源调度中负载平衡及其可靠性问题.     

基于计算经济模型改善网格资源分发和发现的性能

该文在基于计算经济的计算网格体系结构Nimrod/G的基础上,结合NWS设计并实现了一个网格资源分发和发现原型系统,实验表明:该系统可以有效地改进网格系统中的资源分发和发现的性能,进一步提高了网格资源的管理和调度的性能。     

计算网格的资源分发和发现机制

1 引言计算网格的资源管理系统是为实现计算网格系统资源共享所应提供的最主要的服务之一。计算网格资源管理系统的基本功能是接受来自计算网格范围内的机器的资源请求,并且把特定的资源分配给资源请求者,并且合理地调度相应的资源,使请求资源的作业得以运行。资源分发、资源发现和资源的调度构成了计算网格资源管理系统的最主要的内容。资源分发和资源发现提供方法,通过该方法,在计算网格内部的机器能够形成一个可用的资源和其状态的一个视图。资源     

计算网格中作业调度系统GridPBS的设计与实现

通过对目前流行的集群调度系统PBS进行封装和扩展,设计并实现了一个计算网格作业调度系统GridPBS。该系统可使PBS系统的应用拓展到整个计算网格环境,克服了现有PBS系统只能在单个集群节点上运行的局限性。根据计算网格中的集群资源运行情况对用户作业进行凋度分配,从而有效地整合和利用计算网格各节点的计算能力。     

基于性能量化矩阵的计算网格作业调度算法研究

提升计算网格系统运行效率的关键在于作业调度算法,如何综合各种因素使得调度策略更为全面是一个有挑战性的问题.通过建立网格资源性能量化矩阵,构建了一个作业调度模型,并基于此模型给出了一个具体的作业调度算法.通过性能分析和实验仿真,该算法在运行时间、占用资源等方面都有较大的改善,能较好地适应网格系统的动态性和可扩展性特点,提高了作业调度效率.     

基于移动Agent的网格计算资源管理模型设计

网格计算是当前高性能计算领域的一个研究热点,由于网格计算的资源具有分布性,异构性,自治性,动态性等特点,因而其资源管理比一般系统的资源管理具有更大的复杂度。文中提出了一种基于Agent的网格计算资源管理模型,并且采用了混合遗传模拟退火算法作为调度策略,满足了网格对调度系统可扩展性和全局最优调度的需求。实验结果证实了该方法的有效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.