球磨时间和热压温度对粉末冶金Nb-16Si-22Ti-2Al-2Hf-2Cr合金显微组织和室温力学性能的影响

采用粉末冶金法制备了Nb-16Si-22Ti-2Al-2Hf-2Cr合金,研究了粉末球磨时间(5、10、20h)及热压烧结温度(1500、1600℃)对合金组织和室温力学性能的影响。结果表明:热压烧结后的合金由Nb基固溶体NbSS、Ti基固溶体TiSS和硅化物Nb5Si3三相组成。随着球磨时间的延长,Nb5Si3和TiSS的含量增加,而NbSS的含量减少。室温硬度随球磨时间延长和热压烧结温度的升高而提高,20h/1600℃热压烧结合金硬度值最高,HV硬度达到11500MPa。1500和1600℃热压烧结下合金的断裂韧性随着粉末球磨时间的延长均呈下降的趋势,5h/1500℃热压烧结合金断裂韧性值最高,为10.14MPa·m1/2。     

热压烧结工艺制备Fe3Al金属间化合物块材的显微结构和力学性能研究

采用机械合金化结合热处理工艺制备Fe3Al金属间化合物粉末,并通过热压烧结工艺制备Fe3Al金属间化合物块材.研究机械合金化和热处理工艺对所制备Fe3Al金属间化合物粉末的物相组成和显微结构的影响.并对Fe3Al金属间化合物块材的物相组成、显微结构和力学性能进行研究.采用机械合金化工艺球磨60h制备Fe-Al金属间化合物粉末;Fe-Al合金粉末经800、1000℃热处理工艺转变成Fe3Al金属间化合物粉末.研究表明,随着球磨时间的增加,Fe-Al金属间化合物粉末的颗粒尺寸逐渐减小.球磨60h得到的Fe-Al金属间化合物粉末的平均粒度为4～5 μm.经800、1000℃热处理得到的Fe3Al金属间化合物粉末的平均粒度为4～5 μm;热压烧结块材为Fe3Al金属间化合物相;热压烧结制备的Fe3Al金属间化合物块材的显微结构均匀致密;热压烧结工艺制备的Fe3Al金属间化合物块材的相对密度较高且具有较高力学性能.     

球磨时间和热压温度对粉末冶金Nb-16Si-22Ti-2Al-2Hf-2Cr合金显微组织和室温力学性能的影响

采用粉末冶金法制备了Nb-16Si-22Ti-2Al-2Hf-2Cr合金,研究了粉末球磨时间（5、10、20 h）及热压烧结温度（1500、1600 ℃）对合金组织和室温力学性能的影响。结果表明：热压烧结后的合金由Nb基固溶体NbSS、Ti基固溶体TiSS和硅化物Nb5Si3三相组成。随着球磨时间的延长,Nb5Si3和TiSS的含量增加,而NbSS的含量减少。室温硬度随球磨时间延长和热压烧结温度的升高而提高,20 h/1600 ℃热压烧结合金硬度值最高,HV硬度达到11500 MPa。1500和1600 ℃热压烧结下合金的断裂韧性随着粉末球磨时间的延长均呈下降的趋势,5 h/1500 ℃热压烧结合金断裂韧性值最高,为10.14 MPa·m1/2。     

机械合金化和真空热压烧结FeCoCrNiMn高熵合金的显微组织和力学性能（英文）

采用机械合金化和热压烧结制备FeCoCrNiMn高熵合金。结果表明,采用机械合金化得到纳米晶合金粉末,粉末相结构由面心立方结构(FCC)相以及少量的体心立方结构(BCC)相和非晶相组成。热压烧结后,合金中BCC相基本消失,同时伴随着σ相和M23C6相的析出;烧结温度的升高导致析出相颗粒明显长大。随着热压烧结温度从700℃升高到1000℃,合金塑性应变从4.4%增加到38.2%,而屈服强度从1682 MPa下降到774 MPa。经800℃和900℃烧结1 h的FeCoCrNiMn高熵合金具有较好的综合力学性能。     

机械合金化过程中Fe-Al合金粉末的组织演变

将纯Fe粉和Al粉按原子比Fe∶Al=60∶40混合后,在行星式高能球磨机中进行机械合金化,采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜和硬度仪研究球磨过程中Fe-Al合金粉末相结构、晶粒尺寸、表面形貌、截面形貌和硬度的演变规律。结果发现,球磨24 h后,Al原子全部固溶于Fe晶格中,形成Fe(Al)过饱和固溶体,随着球磨时间的增加,晶粒尺寸呈现先快后慢的减小趋势,球磨36 h后合金粉末的晶粒尺寸小于100 nm。粉末内部组织为层状结构,且随着球磨时间延长层片厚度不断减小,球磨36 h后层状结构全部消失,获得组织均匀的纳米晶Fe-Al合金粉末。随着球磨时间延长,Fe-Al合金粉末的硬度不断增加,球磨36 h后合金粉末的硬度约为405 HV0. 025。球磨Fe(Al)固溶体合金粉末在500℃热处理转变为有序Fe Al金属间化合物。     

金刚石工具用Cu-10Sn-x Ni合金的制备和性能表征

采用球磨法制备了4种不同Ni含量的Cu-10Sn-x Ni (x=15、30、45和60,质量分数,%)预合金粉末,分别经820、850和880℃热压烧结制备成合金块材,对预合金粉末和合金块材的微观组织和机械性能进行表征与检测。结果表明:球磨法制备的预合金粉末中出现了Cu3.8Ni相,当Ni含量增加到60%时,还出现了Ni3Sn相和非晶相。随Ni含量的增加和烧结温度的升高,烧结合金中Sn元素的偏析现象得到有效抑制,组织均匀性显著提高,同时合金的密度、抗弯强度和弯曲弹性模量均相应提升。但增加Ni含量对合金的硬度影响不大。880℃热压烧结制备的Cu-10Sn-60Ni合金具有最佳的综合性能,其硬度、抗弯强度和弯曲弹性模量分别100 HRB、1308 MPa和75.6 GPa。     

Microstructure and Properties of Al0.4FeCrNiCo1.5Ti0.3 High Entropy Alloy Prepared by MA-HP Technique

采用机械合金化-真空热压烧结(MA-HP)法制备了Al0.4FeCrNi Co1.5Ti0.3高熵合金。利用XRD、SEM和力学压缩试验机分析Al0.4FeCrNiCo1.5Ti0.3合金的微观组织、相转变以及力学性能。结果表明:经高能球磨10 h,合金中形成了简单固溶体fcc和bcc相,而经过热压烧结的Al0.4Fe Cr Ni Co1.5Ti0.3合金以单一fcc相及2种bcc相(bcc1、bcc2)组成。热压烧结Al0.4Fe Cr Ni Co1.5Ti0.3合金致密度达99.48%,其微观硬度(HV),屈服强度、断裂强度、压缩率分别达到725 MPa,2.13 GPa,2.54 GPa,20.1%,合金优异的力学性能主要是因为合金的固溶强化;断裂模式为解理断裂及塑性断裂的混合机制。     

MA-HP法制备Al_(0.4)FeCrNiCo_(1.5)Ti_(0.3)高熵合金组织与性能研究(英文)

采用机械合金化-真空热压烧结(MA-HP)法制备了Al0.4FeCrNi Co1.5Ti0.3高熵合金。利用XRD、SEM和力学压缩试验机分析Al0.4FeCrNiCo1.5Ti0.3合金的微观组织、相转变以及力学性能。结果表明:经高能球磨10 h,合金中形成了简单固溶体fcc和bcc相,而经过热压烧结的Al0.4Fe Cr Ni Co1.5Ti0.3合金以单一fcc相及2种bcc相(bcc1、bcc2)组成。热压烧结Al0.4Fe Cr Ni Co1.5Ti0.3合金致密度达99.48%,其微观硬度(HV),屈服强度、断裂强度、压缩率分别达到725 MPa,2.13 GPa,2.54 GPa,20.1%,合金优异的力学性能主要是因为合金的固溶强化;断裂模式为解理断裂及塑性断裂的混合机制。     

Cu粉复合球磨处理对V基固溶体型贮氢合金电化学性能的影响

研究了V基固溶体型贮氢合金(TiV21Ni0.3和TiV21Ni05)与Cu粉进行复合球磨处理对其相结构及电化学性能的影响.X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析表明,铸态合金均由体心立方(bcc)结构的V基固溶体主相和bcc结构的TiNi基第二相组成;当与Cu粉复合球磨处理后,合金均变成由V基固溶体主相和体心四方(bct)结构的CuNi2Ti第二相组成,且合金颗粒的表面状态发生改变.电化学测试表明,球磨处理后合金电极的最大放电容量增加了25～39 mA·h/g,100次循环容量保持率大幅提高,循环稳定性得到显著改善.结果表明,Cu粉复合球磨处理是通过同时改变V基合金的第二相成分和晶体结构以及合金颗粒的表面状态来改善合金的电极性能,这与其他传统球磨方式仅通过改变合金的表面状态来改善电极性能的作用机制有所不同.     

Cu粉复合球磨处理对Ⅴ基固溶体型贮氢合金电化学性能的影响

研究了V基固溶体型贮氢合金(TiV211Ni013和TiV211Ni015)与Cu粉进行复合球磨处理对其相结构及电化学性能的影响。X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析表明,铸态合金均由体心立方(bcc)结构的V基固溶体主相和bcc结构的TiNi基第二相组成;当与Cu粉复合球磨处理后,合金均变成由V基固溶体主相和体心四方(bct)结构的CuNi2Ti第二相组成,且合金颗粒的表面状态发生改变。电化学测试表明,球磨处理后合金电极的最大放电容量增加了25～39mA·h/g,100次循环容量保持率大幅提高,循环稳定性得到显著改善。结果表明,Cu粉复合球磨处理是通过同时改变V基合金的第二相成分和晶体结构以及合金颗粒的表面状态来改善合金的电极性能,这与其他传统球磨方式仅通过改变合金的表面状态来改善电极性能的作用机制有所不同。     

SYNTHESIS AND SOLID STATE SINTERING OF W-Ni-Fe NANO-COMPOSITE POWDERS

1.IntroductionTungstenheavyalloyisakindoftwo-phasecompositecharacterizedbyhighdensity,highstrengthandgoodductilityl1].Themicrostructureconsistsoftungstengrainsem-beddedinanalloymatrix.FullydenseW-Ni-FeheavyalloysaretypicallyprocessedfromWpowderblendedwithNiandFeelementalpowdersthroughliquid-phasesinteringat15oth155oop.Theliquidinitiallyformsatatemperaturenearl465rol2].Therelativelyhighprocessingtemperatureandlongexposuresresultinacoarsefinalmicrostructure(4O-6opmingrainsize)andprogressivec…     

纳米晶W-Ni-Fe复合粉末及其烧结过程中的固溶特性

采用溶胶喷雾干燥-热还原法制备了50W-35Ni-15Fe(质量分数,%,下同)纳米晶复合粉末。利用X射线衍射及微区组织的能谱(EDAX)分析,揭示了纳米晶W-Ni-Fe复合粉末及其烧结过程中的固溶特性。研究发现:纳米晶50W-35Ni-15Fe复合粉末中,W在γ-(Ni,Fe)相中的固溶度达到了15%,Ni、Fe元素在W中的固溶度达到了2.4%,形成了超饱和固溶体;随着温度的升高,W的超饱和固溶体W(Ni,Fe)发生Ni、Fe元素的脱溶。而W在γ-(Ni,Fe)相中的固溶度随温度的升高而进一步增加,在1300℃以后基本维持在29%左右;稀土La的加入在低温阶段对W在γ-(Ni,Fe)相中的固溶度影响不大,在1200℃以上使固溶度有一定的降低。     

Nanostrucmred A1-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy synthesized by cryomilling and spark plasma sintering

Nanocrystallized Al-10.0%Zn-3.0%Mg-1.8%Cu (mass fraction) alloy powder was prepared by cryomilling, and then the nanostructured powder was consolidated into bulk material by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The microstructural evolution and phase transformation were studied. A supersaturated face-centered cubic solid solution is formed after cryomilling for 10 h, and the average grain size is 28 nm. Two typical nanostructures of the bulk nanostructured alloy are observed: primarily equiaxed grains with size of 150 nm, and occasionally occurring sub-micron grains up to 500 nm. Two types of MgZn₂ particles precipitate during consolidation. One is the sub-micron particles distributed along the boundaries of the powders, and the other is fine particles with size of several nanometers in the matrix, especially at the boundaries of sub-micron grains. These second phase particles can be completely dissolved into matrix by proper solid solution treatment.     

机械合金化W-Ti粉末的烧结特性

用高能球磨法制备了W-Ti预合金粉末,研究了纳米晶W-Ti粉末的真空烧结致密化和显微组织演化现象以及热处理时组织形貌的变化,并与未球磨粉末的烧结试样进行了比较。结果表明,提高烧结温度有利于提高相对密度;1500℃,2 h为最佳烧结工艺。机械合金化导致粉末内晶粒纳米化,形成成分不均的固溶体W-Ti粉末,使真空烧结后的显微组织结构明显细化,相对密度显著提高;扩散退火后能够形成成分较均匀的W-Ti固溶体。     

Synthesis and Characterization of CrCuFeMnMo0.5Ti Multicomponent Alloy Bulks by Powder Metallurgy

In this study, CrCuFeMnMo_0.5Ti multicomponent alloy bulks were prepared by powder metallurgy of mechanical alloying and sintering. A simple body-centered cubic (bcc) solid solution was prepared after 40 h ball milling of the raw CrCuFeMnMo_0.5Ti metallic powder. Particles of the alloyed powder are in microsized structures, which are actually a soft agglomeration of lamellar grains with thicknesses less than 1 μm. Meanwhile, the lamellar granules are consisted of nanosized grains under rigid cold welding. The 80-h ball-milled powder was consolidated by cold pressing and subsequent sintering at 800°C. The observed main phase in the consolidated sample after milling for 80 h is still a bcc solid solution. The solidified sample of 80-h ball-milled powder exhibits a Vickers hardness of 468 HV, which is much higher than 171 HV of the counterpart prepared from the raw metallic powder.     

合金化元素对纳米晶铝合金热稳定性的影响

为研究加入Fe和Ti扩散系数有限的元素对纳米晶铝合金热稳定性的影响,制备Al?10％Fe(质量分数)和Al?10％Fe?5％Ti(质量分数)合金.将初始混合粉末在真空下球磨100 h,用高频感应加热烧结系统将球磨后的粉末制备成块体样品.采用X射线衍射仪、维氏显微硬度仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对球磨后的粉末...     

Microstructure and properties of liquid-phase sintered tungsten heavy alloys by using ultra-fine tungsten powders

The microstructure and properties of liquid-phase sintered 93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe tungsten heavy alloys using ultra-fine tungsten powders (medium particle size of 700 nm) and original tungsten powders (medium particle size of 3um) were investigated respectively. Commercial tungsten powders (original tungsten powders) were mechanically milled in a high-energy attritor mill for 35 h. Ultra-fine tungsten powders and commercial Ni, Fe powders were consolidated into green compacts by using CIP method and liquid-phase sintering at 1465℃ for 30 rain in the dissociated ammonia atmosphere. Liquid-phase sintered tungsten heavy alloys using ultra-fine tungsten powders exhibit full densification (above 99% in relative density) and higher strength and elongation compared with conventional liquidphase sintered alloys using original tungsten powders due to lower sintering temperature at 1465℃ and short sintering time. The mechanical properties of sintered tungsten heavy alloy are found to be mainly dependent on the particles size of raw tungsten powders and liquid-phase sintering temperature.     

Microstructure and Physical Properties of Tb<Subscript>2</Subscript>TiO<Subscript>5</Subscript> Neutron Absorber Synthesized by Ball Milling and Sintering

Tb₂TiO₅ neutron absorber was synthesized by ball milling and sintering. Microstructure character of ball-milled Tb₄O₇-17.605%TiO₂ (mass fraction, %) powders and sintered bulks was analyzed using XRD, SEM and TEM. The microhardness, coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of sintered bulks were measured. The experiment results showed that the nanocrystalline solid solution was obtained during ball milling. After 96 h of ball milling, TiO₂ was completely solved in Tb₄O₇ and the crystal size of Tb₄O₇ was up to 37 nm. The bulk materials prepared by cold isostatic pressing were sintered at 1300 °C. Tb₂TiO₅ bulks with an orthorhombic structure were obtained. The microhardness of sintered bulks, as well as the thermal conductivity, increased firstly with increasing ball milling time and then decreased. The coefficient of thermal expansion decreased initially and then increased with increasing ball milling time. For the sintered bulk with powder milled for 48 h, the highest values of both microhardness and thermal conductivity were observed, whereas the lowest coefficient of thermal expansion was exhibited. In addition, with increasing testing temperature, the thermal conductivity of sintered bulks initially fell and then rebounded while an opposite trend was found in the coefficient of thermal expansion.     

Synthesis and characteristics of W-Ni-Fe nano-composite powders prepared by mechanical alloying

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用机械合金化方法制备Ni-Al系金属间化合物

用球磨机分别对Ｎｉ－５０ａｔ．－％Ａｌ和Ｎｉ－２５ａｔ．－％Ａｌ混合粉末进行机械合金化，并对Ｎｉ_３Ａｌ预合金粉末进行高能球磨，观察了粉末的金相组织，测定了粉末的硬度、平均直径和晶粒尺寸，并作了ＸＲＤ物相分析结果表明，经３ｈ研磨，Ｎｉ－５０ａｔ．－％Ａｌ混合粉末变成ＮｉＡｌ金属间化合物，其晶粒直径约５ｎｍ；经５ｈ机械球磨，Ｎｉ－２５ａｔ．－％Ａｌ混合粉末成为无序的亚稳定Ｎｉ固溶体，而Ｎｉ_３Ａｌ预合金粉末由Ｌｌ_２型长程有序金属间化合物转变为ｆｃｃ无序固溶体；球磨更长时间，则形成纳米晶．