小型风力发电机的外特性测试实验

本文设计并实现了一个小型风力发电机的外特性测试平台,平台包括低速开放式风洞、数据采集系统两部分.风洞设计成口径3.5米的直流式风洞,实验段采用圆形截面,动力段采用多风机提供动力,在风流通过蜂窝器后大大改善了风流效果并提高了可靠性.数据采集系统通过工业控制数据采集卡对风速、风力发电机转速、输出电压、电流等进行数据采集和处...     

风力发电机试验电源监控系统设计与实现

风力发电机试验电源系统复杂,需要利用监控系统来检测控制系统的运行状态并完成各项试验。基于可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)和组态软件WinCC,设计风力发电机试验电源监控系统。PLC与变频器的控制器完成对现场设备状态检测与控制。WinCC与PLC通过工业以太网通信,与DSP通过CAN总线通信。为实现WinCC与DSP通信,基于OPC设计CAN通信接口程序。使用WinCC建立监控界面,使画面随现场实际情况动态显示。监控系统应用于无锡航天万源新大力电机有限公司风力发电机试验系统中,运行稳定、安全性高。     

直驱型风力发电系统概述

直接驱动型风力发电系统由于其更高的机械效率与可靠性,目前得到了越来越多的关注,发展非常快,市场份额不断增长。本文以直驱型风电系统为对象,对直驱风力发电机、变流器以及国内外的直驱风电产品现状进行了概要总结。直驱风力发电机结合全功率变流器具有非常好的应用前景,在性能、可靠性与低电压穿越能力等方面具有一定的优势。     

基于MSP430的风力发电机振动监测系统

系统搭建了风力发电机传动链的振动测试平台.以MSP430F149、MAX197、MAX291、无线通讯模块SRWF-1021等器件设计的数据采集无线传输系统,配合PC机和虚拟仪器软件,就可以在线观测振动波形、存储振动数据.利用MATLAB软件进行频谱分析,最终实现了风力发电机工作状态的诊断.系统设计具有耗电量低、传输距离远、速度快、可靠性高等优点.     

基于欧姆龙PLC的风电机组变桨距系统

在风力发电系统中,变桨距控制技术关系到风力发电机组的安全可靠运行,影响风力机的使用寿命,通过控制桨距角使输出功率平稳、减小转矩振荡、减小机舱振荡,不但优化了输出功率,而且有效的降低的噪音,稳定发电机的输出功率,改善桨叶和整机的受力状况。变桨距风力发电机比定桨距风力发电机具有更好的风能捕捉特性,现代的大型风力发电机大多采用变桨距控制。本文针对国外某知名风电公司液压变桨距风力机,采用可编程控制器（PLC）作为风力发电机的变桨距控制器。这种变桨控制器具有控制方式灵活,编程简单,抗干扰能力强等特点。本文介绍了液压变桨距系统的工作原理,设计了变桨控制器的软件系统。最后在国外某知名风电公司风力发电机组上做了实验,验证了将该变桨距控制器可以在变桨距风力机上安全、稳定运行的。     

ARM—Linux嵌入式系统在风力发电机控制中的应用

依据风力发电的技术特点,提出了一种基于ARM（Advanced RISC Microprocessor）和ARM-Linux操作系统的嵌入式风力发电机控制系统的设计方法．同时介绍了嵌入式系统的体系结构,给出了嵌入式系统的硬件和软件设计关键技术。最后给出了嵌入式控制器在风力发电系统中的应用方案。     

PID算法在发电机自动调节系统中的应用研究

发电机自动调节控制系统是电力系统控制的主要环节,它能够为发电机正常运行提供可靠性、经济性和系统运行的稳定性.本文围绕发电机自动调节系统的构成和功能,介绍了PID控制算法的含义,并进一步就PID在发电机自动调节系统中的应用展开讨论.     

温度检测无线传输系统

本课题是"基于Cortex-M3处理器的低温风力发电机"的拓宽项目,原项目中风力发电机野外工作坏境恶劣,监控站距离风力发电机较远。使用信号直接传输的将会造成一定的浪费及不便,无线传输则可以改善以上不足。本系统已经通过实验测试。测试结果表明整个系统的温度测量误差已经达到设计±0.5℃的要求。整个仪表系统测量精度为0.5级。无线传输距离达到了300米。在300米的范围内,系统性能保持稳定。系统还具有良好的抗电磁干扰能力。目前整个系统各项性能已经完全达到设计预期要求。本系统不仅可以用于"基于Cortex-M3处理器的低温风力发电机"系统,可以用于遥感、遥控、无线抄表、工业数据采集及家庭自动化等领域。有一定的实用价值。     

风力发电机组的电气控制

本文综述风力发电机组的电气控制。在简述风力涡轮机特性的基础上,介绍恒速发电和变速发电的特点和应用场合,重点是基于同步发电机的“直接在线”发电和基于绕线异步机的“双馈”发电系统,以及桨叶倾角控制系统。作为对未来的展望,最后介绍一种新型锥形转子风力发电机组的设想。     

用于风力发电机偏航控制的激光测风系统设计与试验

为实现风力发电机迎风信息的精确测量,采用连续波相干探测技术,设计了针对风力发电机偏航控制需求的激光测风系统。该系统的扫描装置中由直驱电机带动15°顶角楔形镜旋转实现激光对大气的圆锥扫描,设置扫描一圈用时为15 s,每圈采样点数为30个,利用正弦拟合方法反演风力发电机前方的风场信息。将激光测风系统安装在深圳市气象观测梯度塔下,与塔上超声波风速仪进行了对比测风试验。经过数据分析,水平风速相关系数达0.98,标准差为0.22 m/s,风向相关系数达0.97,标准差为3.04°,表明所设计的激光测风系统性能优良,工作稳定可靠,能够为风力发电机提供精确风场参数,提高风能的利用效率。     

Wind Speed Estimation Based Sensorless Output Maximization Control for a Wind Turbine Driving a DFIG

This paper proposes a wind speed estimation based sensorless maximum wind power tracking control for variable-speed wind turbine generators (WTGs). A specific design of the proposed control algorithm for a wind turbine equipped with a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is presented. The aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine are approximated by a Gaussian radial basis function network based nonlinear input-output mapping. Based on this nonlinear mapping, the wind speed is estimated from the measured generator electrical output power while taking into account the power losses in the WTG and the dynamics of the WTG shaft system. The estimated wind speed is then used to determine the optimal DFIG rotor speed command for maximum wind power extraction. The DFIG speed controller is suitably designed to effectively damp the low-frequency torsional oscillations. The resulting WTG system delivers maximum electrical power to the grid with high efficiency and high reliability without mechanical anemometers. The validity of the proposed control algorithm is verified by simulation studies on a 3.6MW WTG system. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed wind speed estimation algorithm is demonstrated by experimental studies on a small emulational WTG system.     

基于ZigBee的风电机组振动故障监测系统设计

：针对目前风电机组有线监测系统安装、维护不便和监测点有限等问题,设计了基于ZigBee的风电机组振动故障监测系统,由传感器节点、协调器节点、3G网络和监控中心组成。传感器节点采集机组各部位的振动参数并发送至协调器节点,经过协调器节点处理的信息通过3G网络发送至远程监控中心,此设计提高了系统的可靠性和实时性。测试结果表明系统节点间通信良好,系统工作稳定性高,数据传输实时性好,及时给出报警信息,故障诊断正确率达到95.5%。     

Analysis of a variable-speed wind energy conversion scheme with doubly-fed induction generator

In the last decade, the high penetration of wind turbines into the power system has been closely related to the advancement of wind turbine technology and control. The electric system contained by a large wind turbine, as well as within an offshore wind farm with hundreds of MW power capacity, has become more and more important in the interaction between the mechanical system of the wind turbine and the main power system. Furthermore, power electronics is entering the wind turbine circuitry which improves the controllability. The work presented in this paper has the main objective of extending the ability of the existing wind turbine design tools, in order to simulate the dynamic behaviour of wind turbines and the wind turbine–grid interaction.     

基于zigbee的风电机舱火灾预警系统设计

摘要：为了解决风电机组中火灾隐患带来的损失,提出了基于ZigBee的风电机舱的火灾预警系统。系统由传感器采集节点、网络协调节点,以及监控中心节点组成。采用CC2530作为处理器来控制传感器采集风机舱内主要的火灾隐患位置,在协调节点汇聚,通过GPRS网络传送到远处监控中心。通过实验和测试,系统运行稳定,可靠性高,预警准确,能够有效的监测各区域的各个时间段的运行情况,能够保证风电机组安全、稳定的运行。     

A New Interconnecting Method for Wind Turbine/Generators in a Wind Farm and Basic Performances of the Integrated System

A new interconnecting method for a cluster of wind turbine/generators is proposed, and some examples of the basic characteristics of the integrated system are shown. This method can be achieved with a wind turbine generating system using a shaft generator system. A group of wind turbine/generators can be interconnected easily with the proposed method, and high reliability and electric output power with high quality are also expected. Moreover, since this method enables transmission of the generated power through a long-distance dc transmission line, the optimum site for wind turbines can be selected so as to acquire the maximum wind energy.      

Reliability Assessment of Microgrid Using Sequential Monte Carlo Simulation

Sequential Monte Carlo simulation method is introduced to the reliability assessment of microgrid,and a Weibuil distribution wind speed model is built to simulate the hourly wind speed of a specific site.Wind turbine generator model combined with a two-state reliability model is applied to Monte Carlo simulation method,and results show that the wind turbine reliability model works well with sequential Monte Carlo simulation.A two-state reliability model of micro gas turbine and a load model from IEEE reliability test system(IEEE RTS)are also introduced to the reliability evaluation of microgrid.Case studies show that Monte Carlo simulation method is flexible and efficient dealing with microgrid consisting of renewable resources with fluctuation characteristics.     

大型风力发电机组的防雷保护综述

随着风力发电机组单机容量的不断增大,风机轮毂高度和叶片高点也在不断增高,在旷野、山顶和沿海地区,风机遭受雷击的概率非常大。从各风场反馈的情况来看,雷击不但是造成风机故障停机的重要因素,甚至直接影响风电场的安全运行。本文首先从雷电的破坏机理和形式入手,对雷电的防护区域进行了划分,并提出了风力发电机组的防雷保护设计原则和防雷系统工程方案;而后对风机整机系统的防雷保护进行了系统的分析,并提出了具体的防雷保护方法。     

风力发电机组变桨系统设计初探

在大型风力发电机中,为了追求高的风能利用系数和不断优化的输出功率曲线,变桨距型风力机已经显现出越来越大的优势。本文以国电电力太仆寺旗蜗牛山风电厂3MW风电系统为研究背景,对电动变桨技术进行研究,分析了电动变桨系统的构成、运行状态,并提出了一种控制策略。通过仿真,建立了电动变桨系统的模型,并验证了控制策略的可靠性。     

Generator speed regulation in the presence of structural modes through adaptive control using residual mode filters

Wind turbines operate in highly turbulent environments resulting in aerodynamic loads that can easily excite turbine structural modes, potentially causing component fatigue and failure. Two key technology drivers for turbine manufacturers are increasing turbine up time and reducing maintenance costs. Since the trend in wind turbine design is towards larger, more flexible turbines with lower frequency structural modes, manufacturers will want to develop control paradigms that properly account for the presence of these modes. Accurate models of the dynamic characteristics of new wind turbines are often not available due to the complexity and expense of the modeling task, making wind turbines ideally suited to adaptive control approaches. In this paper, we develop theory for adaptive control with rejection of disturbances in the presence of modes that inhibit the controller. A residual mode filter is introduced to accommodate these modes and restore important properties to the adaptively controlled plant. This theory is then applied to design an adaptive collective pitch controller for a high-fidelity simulation of a utility-scale, variable-speed wind turbine. The adaptive pitch controller is compared in simulations with a baseline classical proportional integrator (PI) collective pitch controller.     

Reliability analysis in wind turbine engineering

Wind turbines are being designed in accordance with deterministic design rules. As wind turbines increase in size and power, these rules may not be adequate to ascertain a safe and well balanced design. Wind turbine industry can take advantage of the safety and reliability practices in e.g. aerospace, nuclear and offshore industry. These practices include System Reliability (such as FMECA, Event Sequence Analysis and Fault Tree Analysis) and Structural Reliability methods. The approach to introduce Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) which incorporates these reliability methods into wind turbine engineering will be described. By means of two recent case studies, the applicability, benefits, and limitations of these methods will be illustrated.