真空断路器永磁机构智能控制系统

针对目前国内外电力系统中传统的一次设备功能单一、故障率高等问题,提出了一种真空断路器永磁机构智能控制系统。系统通过智能操作单元对电网参数进行采集和处理,对自身状态进行监测,通过判断后根据预先确定的程序动作,同时可根据需要调整断路器的操动机构的运动参数,从而获得合适的分合闸速度和最佳分合闸时间,具有较高的智能化水平和可靠性。     

真空断路器操作过电压的防护及在冶金工厂供电中的应用

简单介绍了真空断路器的发展历史,分析了其结构特点、分类及其操动机构,并对其操作过电压的产生机理与防护措施作了阐述和总结,指出了真空断路器在冶金工厂供电中的应用现状与前景。     

ZN_7真空断路器操动机构故障分析

本文对ＺＮ７型真空断路器使用初期，操动机构出现的几种类型故障，进行了简要分析。并提请使用ＺＮ７型电动贮能的用户注意：在贮能状态下，千万不能用手动压把合闸。     

添加剂与永磁铁氧体的磁性能

在永磁铁氧体材料中添加适量的添加剂能够极大的改善材料的磁性能.但不同的添加剂成分,在生成永磁铁氧体晶体结构的固相反应中所起的作用也是不同的.笔者系统的分析了烧结过程中各种添加剂的作用和机理,提出了提高永磁铁氧体材料磁性能的努力方向.     

永磁式操动机构真空断路器在企业的应用及优势

介绍了一种防污能力强、功耗低、免维护、长寿命、结构简单的新型永磁式断路器的性能和特点,比较了与电磁式和弹簧操动机构的优缺点,以及在企业配用电系统使用的优势。     

永磁偶合器在高炉皮带传动系统应用

南钢炼铁厂高炉主皮带原动力传动系统存在电机与减速机振动大、电机轴承与限矩型液力偶合器温度高、经常漏油和系统故障率高的问题,严重影响生产且具有一定的安全隐患。介绍了限矩型永磁偶合器的结构和限矩工作原理,对比分析了限矩型永磁偶合器和限矩型液力偶合器的限矩性能和隔振减振性能。介绍了限矩型永磁偶合器在南钢2号高炉上应用案例的实际效果,进行了效益分析。理论和实践证明,限矩型永磁偶合器不仅在功能和结构上完全替代限矩液力偶合器,同时能解决上述液力偶合器存在的问题,具有良好的经济和社会效益。     

钕铁硼永磁材料专利技术发展态势分析

钕铁硼（NdFeB）永磁材料是第3代稀土永磁材料，具有广阔的应用领域。文中采用专利分析方法，从专利申请总体趋势、生产工艺、晶界改性、技术功效、区域竞争状况、专利质量、优势机构等方面开展钕铁硼永磁材料技术发展态势研究，为相关政府部门、企业和研究机构发展钕铁硼永磁材料产业和技术提供情报支撑。研究结果表明:钕铁硼永磁材料技术正处于高速发展期，但有开始进入技术成熟期的迹象。日本、美国申请人在该领域构筑了较高的专利壁垒。我国近年来对于钕铁硼永磁材料技术的研发热情高涨，申请了大量相关专利，但从专利质量来看，技术水平还有待进一步提高。最后，综合分析结论，为我国钕铁硼的技术创新与产业发展提供对策建议。      

高性能铁氧体材料的制备及其在磁选设备中的应用

新型的纳米和稀土氧化物添加剂能较大幅度地提高永磁铁氧体的磁性能,这是开发研究高性能永磁铁氧体材料的一个非常重要的途径.本文较系统地总结了这几种新型的添加剂的作用和机理,并介绍了高性能铁氧体永磁材料中在磁选领域的应用.     

永磁直驱起升机构的安全性分析

自永磁直驱起升机构作为起重机的起升机构出现以来,存在着很大的争议,争议的焦点有两个,一是在取消了减速器之后其安全性是否降低,二是能否满足现行标准的要求。本文对标GB/T 7688.5-2012《冶金起重机技术条件第5部分:铸造起重机》中起升机构的安全条款,得出永磁直驱起升机构作为起重机的一种新形式,是符合标准要求的。鉴于常规安全制动器的技术、生产现状,安全制动器的使用尚存在一定的风险。部分企业所生产的永磁直驱起升机构上采用的电磁钳盘式制动器和常规安全制动器相比,由于采取了相应的技术措施,可靠性、安全性优于常规的安全制动器。     

永磁微特电机用磁体的合理选择和市场预测

本文根据永磁微特电机对永磁材料的要求，分析了电机用磁体，特别硬磁铁氧体和粘结钕铁硼的各项性能，结合笔者生产实践经验，提出永磁微特电机用磁体的合理选择，并预测了未来的市场竞争趋势。     

Simulation As a Tool to Assess the Vulnerability of the Operation of a Health Care Facility

Health care systems are classified as critical infrastructure systems when responding to disaster events. Physical damage to health care facilities or disruption of their operations or supply chains could prevent an effective response and aggravate the outcome of an emergency situation. Even if a hospital or public health facility were not directly affected by the disaster event, these facilities are required to operate efficiently during an emergency in order to manage a surge of capacity. When infrastructure systems are damaged as a result of man-made or natural disaster events, insufficient supply of resources through these systems affects their performance. In this paper, a system dynamics simulation model will be used as a tool to represent the operation of a health care facility, including the interaction between the different service areas (emergency room, intensive care unit, wards, operating room), the flow of patients inside the facility, and the condition of the infrastructure systems that supply resources (i.e., water, power, transportation of medical supplies) to maintain the operation of the facility. The results of this study may assist hospital administrators in their disaster preparedness plans, providing information regarding the level of occupancy and patients waiting to enter the service areas.     

Key Performance Indicators for Strategic Healthcare Facilities Maintenance

The salient phases in a facility’s service life that are most decisive for the effectiveness of its facilities management (FM) are the preliminary design, construction, and maintenance. The effectiveness of facilities is vastly affected by decisions pertaining to the strategy of the organization that owns or uses the facilities. The goal of this study was to develop key performance indicators (KPIs) for strategic FM that will provide a conclusive approach towards the facility’s service life conditions. Parameters were developed by means of field surveys and statistical analyses, and were validated by means of case studies. The research resulted in a series of 11 KPIs for strategic healthcare FM, which can be classified into four categories: development, organization and management, performance, and maintenance efficiency parameters. The study proposes age and occupancy coefficients as essential parameters for the assessment of large healthcare facilities needs, as an effective measure for long term facility maintenance planning, and for measuring FM effectiveness. The paper stresses that strategic healthcare facilities management must integrate quantitative performance, manpower, and maintenance indicators.     

Computer-Aided Healthcare Facility Management

The decision-making process in the field of health-care facility management is multifaceted and encompasses many different areas, including maintenance, performance, risk, operations, and development. Information and communications technologies are perceived as the interface that integrates these topics. The main objective of this research is to develop a decision-support system based on core parameters affecting the performance of health-care facilities. This paper presents the preliminary development of a quantitative integrated health-care facility management model, subdivided into the following three interfaces: input, reasoning evaluator and predictor, and output. The model proposes the following five modules: maintenance, performance and risk, energy and operations, business management, and development. It offers projection of maintenance costs, performance, and risk of built facilities in the health-care sector. The model hypotheses are that age, occupancy, and environment affect the maintenance of the facility. These factors are quantitatively developed and analyzed for performance-based maintenance planning, employing an occupancy coefficient and a projection of performance indicator. Simulations of the facility coefficient for different combinations of occupancy and environment reveal that the occupancy level is a major factor that causes an augmentation of more than 18% in the allocation of resources for maintenance compared with standard occupancy. Prediction of the performance score of a building is carried out using a nonlinear pattern for the structural components and linear patterns for the rest of the components.     

Facility-level outcome performance measures for nursing homes

Risk-adjusted nursing home performance scores were developed for four health outcomes and five quality indicators from resident-level longitudinal case-mix reimbursement data for Medicaid residents of more than 500 nursing homes in Massachusetts. Facility performance was measured by comparing actual resident outcomes with expected outcomes derived from quarterly predictions of resident-level econometric models over a 3-year period (1991-1994). Performance measures were tightly distributed among facilities in the state. The intercorrelations among the nine outcome performance measures were relatively low and not uniformly positive. Performance measures were not highly associated with various structural facility attributes. For most outcomes, longitudinal analyses revealed only modest correlations between a facility's performance score from one time period to the next. Relatively few facilities exhibited consistent superior or inferior performance over time. The findings have implications toward the practical use of facility outcome performance measures for quality assurance and reimbursement purposes in the near future.     

Life-Cycle Inventory of Municipal Solid Waste and Yard Waste Windrow Composting in the United States

This paper presents a life-cycle inventory (LCI) for solid waste composting. Three LCIs were developed for two typical municipal solid waste (MSW) composting facilities (MSWCFs) and one typical yard waste (YW) composting facility (YWCF). Municipal solid waste was assumed to comprise three organic components, food wastes, yard wastes, and mixed paper, as well as various inorganic components. Total costs, combined precombustion, and combustion energy requirements and 29 selected material flows—also referred to as LCI coefficients—were calculated by accounting for both the processes involved in originally producing, refining and transporting a material used in the facility as well as consumption during normal facility operation. Total costs ranged from $15/t to $50/t and energy requirements from 29?kw?h/t to 167?kw?h/t for a YWCF and a high quality MSW composting facility, respectively. More than 90% of the overall CO2 emissions in all facilities were due to the biological decomposition of the organic substrate, while the rest was due to fossil fuel combustion.     

Impact of a function-based payment model on the financial performance of acute inpatient medical rehabilitation providers: a simulation analysis

OBJECTIVES: To operationalize research findings about a medical rehabilitation classification and payment model by building a prototype of a prospective payment system, and to determine whether this prototype model promotes payment equity. This latter objective is accomplished by identifying whether any facility or payment model characteristics are systematically associated with financial performance. DESIGN: This study was conducted in two phases. In Phase 1 the components of a diagnosis-related group (DRG)-like payment system, including a base rate, function-related group (FRG) weights, and adjusters, were identified and estimated using hospital cost functions. Phase 2 consisted of a simulation analysis in which each facility's financial performance was modeled, based on its 1990-1991 case mix. A multivariate regression equation was conducted to assess the extent to which characteristics of 42 rehabilitation facilities contribute toward determining financial performance under the present Medicare payment system as well as under the hypothetical model developed. PARTICIPANTS: Phase 1 (model development) included 61 rehabilitation hospitals. Approximately 59% were rehabilitation units within a general hospital and 48% were teaching facilities. The number of rehabilitation beds averaged 52. Phase 2 of the stimulation analysis included 42 rehabilitation facilities, subscribers to UDS in 1990-1991. Of these, 69% were rehabilitation units and 52% were teaching facilities. The number of rehabilitation beds averaged 48. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Financial performance, as measured by the ratio of reimbursement to average costs. RESULTS: Case-mix index is the primary determinant of financial performance under the present Medicare payment system. None of the facility characteristics included in this analysis were associated with financial performance under the hypothetical FRG payment model. CONCLUSIONS: The most notable impact of an FRG-based payment model would be to create a stronger link between resource intensity and level of reimbursement, resulting in greater equity in the reimbursement of inpatient medical rehabilitation hospitals.     

适应地方发展的城市社区服务设施规划探索

我国原有社区服务设施配套指标体系已不适应市场机制下的社区服务发展水平。南昌市各类规划在识别当前社会发展中各种对配套设施产生影响的因素,判断其影响程度,推断公共服务设施未来的发展趋势和需求状况的基础上,结合自身的发展特征,因地制宜地制定与地方发展相适应的社区设施标准。     

Measuring the social climate of congregate residences for older people: Sheltered Care Environment Scale.

We developed the Sheltered Care Environment Scale (SCES) to provide researchers and practitioners with a practical means of assessing the social climate in congregate residential settings for the elderly. The SCES, a 63-item yes/no questionnaire that can be completed by residents and staff members of a facility, taps their perceptions of seven dimensions of the social environment. These dimensions concern the quality of relationships, the personal growth orientation present in the facility, and maintenance and change of the social system. The SCES discriminates among settings, has moderate to high internal consistency and split-half reliability, and is sensitive to environmental change against a backdrop of relative stability over time. The SCES reflects actual, agreed-on qualities of a setting and is relatively unaffected by characteristics of the respondent. Normative data are available from a national sample of 244 facilities representing the variety of residential settings available to the elderly. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Application of functional independence measure-function related groups and resource utilization groups-version III systems across post acute settings

OBJECTIVES: The present study evaluated alternative patient classification systems for skilled nursing facility and rehabilitation facility patients. METHODS: Medicare patients were selected from a random sample of 27 rehabilitation facilities and 65 skilled nursing facilities participating in a national longitudinal study of subacute care. Detailed casemix and resource use data was obtained on 513 patients with hip fracture and 483 stroke patients. The Functional Independence Measure-Function Related Groups (FIM-FRGs) classification system for rehabilitation facilities was replicated on length of stay and tested on resource use for rehabilitation facility patients as well as for skilled nursing facility patients. Modifications to the FIM-FRGs also were tested. The Resource Utilization Groups-Version III classification was tested on rehabilitation facility patients. RESULTS: The FIM-FRGs explained the same amount of variance in length of stay as in the original FIM-FRGs development sample (R2 hip fracture = 0.14, R2 stroke = 0.28), and similar variance in resource use. A modified version of the FIM-FRGs explained more variance in length of stay (R2 hip fracture = 0.19, R2 stroke = 0.39) and resource use (R2 hip fracture = 0.20, R2 stroke = 0.41). Neither model adequately predicted length of stay or resource use in skilled nursing facility patients. The Resource Utilization Groups-Version III rehabilitation groups accounted for little variance in rehabilitation facility patients' per-diem resource use (R2 = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS: The FIM-FRGs are valid for resource use as well as length of stay for rehabilitation facility patients, but are not valid for skilled nursing facility patients. Similarly, the Resource Utilization Groups-Version III system does not apply to rehabilitation facility patients. Related work, however, suggests that development of a single episode-based patient classification system for skilled nursing facility and rehabilitation facility patients is possible and should be pursued.