一款高效率频率选择表面圆-线极化转换器

为了实现圆极化波到线极化波的高效率转换,提出了一种由两种圆极化波调制模块构成的复合结构单元频率选择表面圆-线极化转换器。采用天线-馈线-天线结构设计了左-左旋和左-右旋两种圆极化调制模,并将二者组合形成具有左旋圆极化波接收、左旋和右旋圆极化波同幅同相辐射功能的圆-线极化转换器。仿真与测试结果表明,该极化转换器能够将入射左旋极化波转换成线极化波,3 dB传输系数相对带宽大于19.8%,工作带宽内的圆-线极化转换率大于0.99。该极化转换器具有插入损耗低、设计原理易于推广等优势。     

圆偏振光偏振复用激光通讯系统

提出了一种采用圆偏振光的偏振复用通讯系统。其基本设想是信号光在空间中以左 旋和右旋圆偏振光的形式进行传播,在接收端将这两种偏振光区分并分别接收。本文详细论证了在两个相对运动点之间采用圆偏振光实现偏振复用激光通讯的可行性。     

圆极化移相器相移特性研究

根据铁氧体耦合波理论推导出圆极化移相器对任意极化电磁波的传输矩阵，在此基础上研究了椭圆极化波、线极化波、圆极化波在移相器内的传输特性，数值仿真表明用基于线极化分量的差相移检测方法检测非标准圆极化波的测量结果不仅与激励状态有关，还与选定的线极化方向有关，利用本文的结果可以对圆极化移相器测试系统进行误差分析，对于提高测量精度有一定指导意义。     

圆偏振周期量级红外激光脉冲驱动产生太赫兹辐射

研究了周期量级的圆偏振激光在空气中成丝产生太赫兹辐射的偏振特性。将中心波长1.8 m、脉宽8.6 fs 的圆偏振红外激光脉冲聚焦到空气中,形成等离子体细丝,产生太赫兹辐射。通过测量太赫兹辐射的偏振状态,和偏振方向与驱动激光载波-包络相位的关系,发展太赫兹波偏振控制的方法。实验结果表明,太赫兹辐射为椭圆偏振,而且偏振平面随着驱动激光载波-包络相位的变化而转动。这对太赫兹波的偏振控制有重要意义,并为周期量级激光载波-包络相位的测量提供了新方法。     

基于主动式圆偏振光照射的探测建模与分析

圆偏振光有良好的“偏振记忆”效应,为了验证在 强散射介质中通过圆偏振光的旋性 差异可以有效抑制散射光的影响,实现复杂背景下的目标探测功能。从经典的米氏散射 理论和菲涅尔反射理论出发,结合偏振蒙特卡罗方法,构建了主动式圆偏振光在散射介质中 探测目标的模型,通过追踪每个光子的偏振态变化,统计分析了圆偏振光经过介质散射和目 标反射后的Stokes矢量信息。仿真结果表明,文中建模方法可以明显区分出散射介质中是否 存在被探测目标;不同的介质环境和不同的探测距离都会对目标的偏振成像造成不同程度的 衰减,而圆偏振差分成像及圆偏振度成像均可实现偏振成像的增强处理。文中建模方法可以 为全偏振探测的理论研究及实际应用提供借鉴。     

通过圆偏振光提高飞秒激光诱导击穿光谱的发射强度

激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)是一种快速、实时的元素成分分析技术。为了提高LIBS的灵敏度,人们已经提出多种方法来提高LIBS的光谱强度。本文采用飞秒脉冲激光烧蚀黄铜产生LIBS,对比了圆偏振和线偏振下LIBS光谱的强度,结果发现圆偏振下的光谱强度比线偏振下的强,光谱强度大约提高了15%。采用飞秒激光照射金属时,金属内部的自由电子吸收光子的能量。在线偏振飞秒激光场中,电子在脉冲的每个光学周期中经历交替的加速和减速;而圆偏振飞秒激光可以连续加速电子,因此电子可以获得更高的能量,这使得圆偏振飞秒激光产生的光谱强度不同于线偏振飞秒激光产生的光谱强度,圆偏振激光有助于改善飞秒LIBS信号的强度。     

水平大气信道对圆偏振光偏振特性的影响

基于Mie散射理论利用偏振相关的Monte Carlo仿真方法对圆偏振光在水平大气中传输进行建模仿真。仿真结果表明:在大气能见度为5 km、传输距离为11.16 km条件下,接收光斑中心处保偏性能很好,且优于接收光斑边缘处保偏性能。进行了11.16 km水平大气链路左旋圆偏振光退偏实验,实验结果表明:在大气能见度为5~10 km,大气折射率结构常数Cn2=1.82510-13 m-2/3条件下,左旋圆偏振光经过长距离水平大气信道传输后偏振旋向不发生改变;接收光斑中心处保偏性能良好,优于接收光斑边缘处,和仿真结果趋势一致。     

双频圆极化天线设计方法综述

根据圆极化和双频天线的设计原理,总结了双频圆极化天线的设计方法,通过不同馈电方式和谐振方式分为四类进行阐述。归纳了近几年拓展双频圆极化天线带宽的方法,从结构上分别按照微带缝隙天线、平面单极子天线和阵列天线进行介绍。列表分析了各种设计方法的实现难度和典型天线各项性能参数,最后简述了适用于双频圆极化天线小型化的优化方案,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Complex signal received through an anisotropic panel intercepting acircularly polarized beam

An inclined planar panel, which is generally anisotropic, intercepting a circularly polarized beam introduces loss and phase shift, and depolarizes the received signal. Orthogonal linearly polarized waves aligned to the symmetry planes are often used in the measurement of such panels. Using these data, convenient graphs are presented to illustrate the loss and phase shift of a circularly polarized beam, as well as the amount of depolarization into an orthogonal circularly polarized channel, without explicitly determining the intermediate axial ratio or polarization ellipse tilt angle of the emerging wave     

线极化波和圆极化波与腔体的耦合比较

线极化波与腔体的耦舍效果受腔体上窄缝方向的影响很大,而圆极化波与腔体的耦合对窄缝方向的依赖比较小。利用时域有限差分法,采用相同振幅的线极化波和圆极化波入射,分别计算它们与开有单缝和T形缝隙的屏蔽腔体的孔缝耦合效应。比较两种极化形式的波入射时,耦合到腔体内部功率密度最大值随极化方向的变化关系,从而得出结论：同幅度的圆极化波比线极化波更容易耦合进入腔体,并不易受缝隙形状影响。     

一种新型UHF RFID阅读器圆极化天线

传统的圆极化阅读器天线采用单馈电微带天线方式设计,频带窄、极化特性较差。在单馈电微带天线的基础上,采用探针馈电曲线贴片的方式,在圆形铁片上开了4个对称的方形缝隙,最终设计出一种新型的UHF RFID圆极化阅读器天线。天线的结构尺寸为167.5 mm×167.5 mm×3 mm,阻抗带宽为870~936 MHz,3 dB轴比带宽为900~918 MHz,最大增益为3.5 dB。与传统的圆极化阅读器天线相比,设计的天线频带宽,且极化特性得到良好改善,能够满足工程上的应用需求。     

宽带圆极化微带天线的几种实现方法

在简要概述圆极化微带天线工作原理的基础上,重点介绍了目前国内外较为先进的圆极化微带天线实现宽带的多种方法,包括微带贴片天线、缝隙天线,以及采用PBG结构的圆极化天线。这些方法分别采用单点馈电,多点馈电或多元组合实现圆极化,均有效拓展了圆极化天线的阻抗匹配带宽和圆极化轴比带宽。参考一些实例验证了这些方法的可行性,然后展望了其可能的发展趋势。     

Design of Linear-to-Circular Polarization Transformers Made of Long Densely Packed Metallic Helices

In this work, we study the realization of realistic polarization transformers formed by long metallic helices. To this end, we propose a new homogenization model to characterize the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a medium formed by infinitely long helices. We derive approximate analytical expressions for the effective permittivity, effective permeability and the magnetoelectric tensor of the composite material, taking into account the effects of spatial dispersion. We apply the new homogenization model to characterize novel linear-to-circular polarization transformers. Our results show that the metamaterial screen may be designed in such a way that an incoming linearly polarized wave may be transformed into a circularly polarized transmitted wave, and that the transmission efficiency of such polarization transformer may be as high as 95%.     

A multipole-field study for the multiarm log-spiral antennas

The electromagnetic field radiated by an arbitrary source is represented as the multipule expansion of the left-hand circularly polarized and of the right-hand circularly polarized modal fields. In particular, the multiarm log-spiral antennas have been investigated using such an approach. With approximated current distributions, the multipole coefficients and the circularly polarized field patterns for a few typical log spirals are computed and compared with the measured results. Generally, only a few dominant modes are sufficient to describe the major radiating characteristics of the log spirals; therefore, a better insight as to the polarization and the angular dependence can be gained through the modal-field point of view.     

顺序旋转圆极化相控阵的交叉极化抑制

针对大规模圆极化相控阵天线设计中交叉极化特性评估计算量大的问题,从阵列极化合成理论出发,提出一种简化的计算方法.推导出采用顺序旋转方法形成圆极化的阵列天线的寄生交叉极化阵因子公式,提出旋转相位差值矩阵这一参数,用于对顺序旋转形成交叉极化的机理进行直观的解释.对比分析线极化、椭圆极化单元按不同顺序旋转方式构成的阵列天线的交叉极化特性优劣,列出毫米波通信工程中宽角扫描相控阵天线的单元选型方案、极化合成布阵方式选型方案,为交叉极化抑制提供了设计参考.     

单层贴片圆极化天线的小型化研究

本文介绍了微带天线的小型化的发展和圆极化天线的特性。在微带天线腔模理论的基础上,通过附加缝隙微扰单元 实现单馈点的单层贴片的圆极化天线,并在此基础上,采用在天线表面开槽嵌缝的手段,设计出一款小型化的圆极化天线。 通过仿真实验,对比两种天线的结果,可以看出本文设计的两款天线均能满足圆极化性能的要求,而经过嵌缝的天线实现了 天线小型化的目的。     

Gain improvement of circularly polarized array antenna usinglinearly polarized elements

A novel gain improvement method for a circularly polarized array antenna consisting of linearly polarized elements is proposed. It is verified that the gain of a circularly polarized array antenna can be increased by adjusting the array arrangement of the individual linearly polarized elements. The gain of a multiring array antenna consisting of the above mentioned circular array can also be increased by properly combining the directions of the linear polarization of the individual circular arrays. The gain improvement of the single-circular array antenna and the two-ring array antenna using the proposed method are verified by the measured results     

900 MHz land mobile radio improved using circular polarization

Land mobile systems currently use vertically polarized antennas while trying to solve the problem of small sector signal variations, which are greater for vertical polarization than for either horizontal or circular polarization. This difference in small sector variations is shown from results of tests at 430 MHz. The variations at 900 MHz should be more rapid and have amplitudes at least as great as those shown for 450 MHz. At 900 MHz antennas can be made small for mobile service and the improvements noted here may spur developments in circularly polarized antennas.     

900 MHz Land Mobile Radio Improved Using Circular Polarization

Land mobile systems currently use vertically polarized antennas while trying to solve the problem of small sector signal variations, which are greater for vertical polarization than for either horizontal or circular polarization; This difference in small sector variations is shown from results of tests at 430 MHz. The variations at 900 MHz should be more rapid and have amplitudes at least as great as those shown for 450 MHz. At 900 MHz antennas can be made small for mobile service and the improvements noted here may spur developments in circularly polarized antennas.     

泵浦光椭圆度对铷原子极化率的影响

在核磁共振陀螺系统中,需要用圆偏振光来泵浦碱金属（例如铷）原子,使其产生极化。然而实际应用中的泵浦光不是理想的圆偏振光,为了研究泵浦光椭圆度与铷原子极化率的变化关系,推算了泵浦光经过四分之一波片后的表达式,并由此得出泵浦光照射铷原子气室前的椭圆度,建立了数值仿真模型,研究了椭圆度对铷原子极化率的影响。同时通过实验得到了铷原子极化率与椭圆度的关系曲线。仿真和实验结果表明,泵浦光椭圆度越大,铷原子极化率越大,随着椭圆度的进一步增大,铷原子极化率增速变慢逐渐饱和;此外,相同的椭圆度下,铷原子极化率随着泵浦光功率的增大而增大。