Steel–concrete composite shear walls using precast high performance fiber reinforced concrete panels

In this research, seismic performance of composite steel plate shear walls (CSPSWs) using high performance fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC) panels is experimentally and numerically investigated. Three one‐story one‐bay CSPSW specimens using precast HPFRC panels were designed and fabricated for cyclic quasi‐static experiments. The HPFRC panels of composite shear wall specimens did not have any steel rebars. The main purpose of the study was to understand the effects of rigid and semirigid HPFRC panels on the seismic behavior of the system. Shear capacity, ultimate shear strength, lateral stiffness, energy dissipation, and ductility ratios of the specimens are evaluated. The experimental results demonstrate that specimens were able to resist lateral load up to at least interstory drift of 6%. Using HPFRC panels, CSPSW specimens becomes stiffer in the elastic region, and the yield displacement of the shear wall is decreased; therefore, the ductility ratio of the system is increased. It should be noted that ultimate shear strength, initial elastic stiffness, and energy absorption of specimens with an HPFRC panel on one side or both sides of the infill steel plate were approximately the same. However, using two HPFRC panels is not economical in comparison with CSPSW with an HPFRC panel on one side. Additionally, the second panel increases the seismic mass of the structure.     

半刚性连接钢框架-非加劲钢板剪力墙结构性能研究

半刚性连接钢框架-非加劲钢板剪力墙结构弥补了传统抗弯钢框架侧向刚度不足的缺点,为采用更加经济的半刚性节点提供了可能。为研究不同梁柱连接刚度对双体系结构抗震性能的影响,完成了3个单跨两层不同梁柱连接刚度试件的水平低周往复加载试验研究,系统分析了三者的整体性能和破坏模态,拟从承载力、刚度、延性、耗能、整体性能和节点性能六个方面对双体系的节点刚度与墙体的匹配效果进行评价。结果表明:在半刚性框架内设置钢板墙能较大程度提高结构的极限承载力与侧向刚度;结构具有理想的屈服顺序,内填板在加载初期非常有效。屈服区域延伸至整个墙体时,附加荷载将基本上由边缘构件承担,试件破坏主要由内填板的屈服和框架柱的弯扭失稳控制;节点刚度退化小,且内填板的设置缓解了节点区自身的延性要求,梁柱连接形式对试件的抗侧刚度和整体强度的影响不大,降低连接刚度有利于提高试件延性和耗能能力。     

Experimental study on seismic performance of steel‐reinforced recycled concrete frame with infill wall

In order to investigate the seismic performance of steel‐reinforced recycled concrete (SRRC) frame with infill wall, low cyclic loading tests on four frames with infill wall and one frame without infill wall were conducted. The failure modes, hysteresis loops, skeleton curves, bearing capacity, ductility, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity of specimens were analyzed. The seismic performance of SRRC frames with and without infill wall was compared. The influence of the aspect ratio of infill wall, the axial compression ratio of column, and the distance of horizontal reinforcements of infill wall were investigated. Test results show that compared to the SRRC frame without infill wall, the SRRC frame with infill wall had higher bearing capacity and initial stiffness, but faster stiffness degradation and worse energy dissipation capacity. With the increase of aspect ratio of infill wall and axial compression ratio of column, the bearing capacity and initial stiffness of SRRC frame with infill wall increased, whereas the ductility decreased. With the decrease of distance of horizontal reinforcements of infill wall, the initial stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of SRRC frame with infill wall increased. After the infill wall fails under earthquake, the remaining SRRC frame has good seismic performance.     

角部连接钢框架-玻璃纤维增强无机板组合墙体抗震性能试验研究

为研究角部连接钢框架 玻璃纤维增强无机板组合墙体的抗震性能,考察人字形斜撑和玻璃纤维增强无机板对钢框架 组合墙体的影响,设计2榀足尺的双层双跨钢框架和2榀足尺的双层双跨组合墙体进行拟静力试验。观察不同形式钢框架和组合墙体在低周往复荷载下的破坏过程及破坏形态,得到了各试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化曲线、累积耗能、关键部位应变、延性系数等性能指标,对比分析人字形斜撑和玻璃纤维增强无机板对钢框架 组合墙体耗能性能、延性、承载力的影响。试验结果表明：组合墙体抗侧承载力高,刚度大,而变形能力与耗能能力较差;人字形斜撑能有效提高钢框架承载力、延性及耗能能力,但在组合墙体中人字形斜撑作用不明显,且圆钢管人字形斜撑易发生平面外失稳,建议设计时采用平面外刚度大于平面内刚度的H型钢;玻璃纤维增强无机板可以较大程度提高钢框架的抗侧承载力,由于玻璃纤维增强无机板过早开裂破坏,导致其延性降低,刚度退化速度加快,耗能能力变弱。基于已有的侧移刚度公式,对其进行参数修正并给出组合墙体侧移刚度简化计算式,理论值与试验初始抗侧刚度吻合较好,可为后续研究提供理论基础。     

半刚性节点钢框架内填钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构滞回性能分析

钢筋混凝土内填墙弥补了钢框架侧向刚度不足的缺点,为钢框架采用相对经济的半刚性节点提供了可能。为了研究半刚性节点钢框架内填钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构的滞回性能,在一榀循环加载模型试验的基础上,建立了非线性有限元模型,并验证了模型的有效性。考虑影响结构滞回性能的6个主要因素:节点刚度、剪力墙厚度、栓钉的设置、剪力墙的配筋、竖向荷载及混凝土强度等级,进行了6个系列22个有限元模型的变参数分析。结果表明:降低节点刚度有利于提高结构的延性和耗能能力;增加内填墙的厚度可提高结构的初始刚度和承载力;增加水平向栓钉的数量,采用普通混凝土以及合理设置暗柱、暗梁,能够有效地提高结构的整体性能,在此基础上提出了相关的抗震设计建议。     

钢框架内填预制带竖缝钢筋混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为改进钢框架内填预制带竖缝钢筋混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能,将耳板引入钢框剪与内填墙的连接中。通过2个两层单跨缩尺比为1∶3的钢框架内填预制带竖缝钢筋混凝土剪力墙模型试件的拟静力试验研究,考察了耳板连接的可靠性和内填墙裂缝的开展与结构变形能力,分析了结构的破坏机理、滞回性能、刚度退化、变形及延性和耗能能力等。试验结果表明：抗剪连接件(U形筋)在梁柱节点上下耳板的连接处未发生破坏,耳板连接具有可靠的工作性能;钢框架带竖缝剪力墙结构具有良好的延性,平均位移延性系数大于3;内填墙的承载力由竖缝根部的剪切破坏控制。     

带约束拉杆双层钢板内填混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

提出一种带约束拉杆双层钢板内填混凝土组合剪力墙,通过对6个剪跨比为2.0、轴压比为0.6的此类剪力墙试件的低周往复加载试验,研究试件的破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载力退化、刚度退化、位移延性系数和耗能等抗震性能。结果表明：带约束拉杆双层钢板内填混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能良好,6个试件的屈服位移角平均值为1/147,极限位移角平均值为1/48,位移延性系数平均值为3.57;减小约束拉杆间距和采用梅花式布置约束拉杆的方式,能更好地对钢板和混凝土提供约束,延缓钢板局部屈曲,增大混凝土的极限变形能力,提高剪力墙承载力、延性和耗能能力,减缓承载力退化和刚度退化,改善剪力墙抗震性能。     

屈曲约束支撑装配式钢管混凝土组合框架抗震试验性能研究

屈曲约束支撑可以有效地提高装配式钢管混凝土组合框架的抗侧移刚度和耗能减震作用。为研究地震作用下屈曲约束支撑装配式钢管混凝土组合框架的抗震性能和破坏机理,进行两层单跨屈曲约束支撑单边螺栓端板连接钢管混凝土组合框架的水平低周反复荷载试验。考察柱截面类型和端板形式对结构整体抗震性能的影响。记录和研究了此类混合结构的破坏形式和水平荷载-水平位移滞回曲线,分析和评价其骨架曲线、强度和刚度退化规律、延性和耗能等。试验研究表明,在柱截面含钢率相同条件下,抗侧移体系采用屈曲约束支撑,梁柱连接采用单边螺栓端板连接方式,屈曲约束支撑方钢管混凝土组合框架的水平承载力和初始抗侧刚度大于屈曲约束支撑圆钢管混凝土组合框架,但是其延性和耗能能力反之。试验和分析结果表明：屈曲约束支撑装配式钢管混凝土组合框架结构具有良好的抗震性能,较大的可变形能力和耗能能力,可以在多高层建筑结构中应用和推广。     

多层砌体填充墙框架结构抗震性能试验研究

为了研究砌体填充墙沿框架层不连续布置对框架结构抗震性能的影响,进行了3榀两层单跨砌体填充墙框架结构模型、1榀单层单跨砌体填充墙框架结构模型、1榀两层单跨框架结构模型和1榀单层单跨框架结构模型的对比试验,分析了各试件的破坏特征、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、位移延性、刚度退化、承载力退化和耗能性能等抗震性能指标。结果表明：无论是单层单跨还是两层单跨的砌体填充墙框架结构,其水平峰值荷载和初始刚度比相应的纯框架结构均有较大幅度的提高,且其刚度退化程度比相应纯框架结构要缓慢;砌体填充墙的存在提高了框架结构的抗侧刚度和水平峰值荷载,使框架结构的变形由剪切型逐渐转变为弯剪型;砌体填充墙参与了结构的滞回耗能,填充墙框架的位移延性和累积耗能能力明显优于框架;砌体填充墙沿框架层不连续布置会引起框架结构层间侧移刚度和层间受剪承载力发生突变,影响框架结构的破坏形态,但由于砌体填充墙参与了框架结构的滞回耗能,故其仍具有较好的抗震性能。     

Seismic performance of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls

In this paper, composite shear walls with different encased steel plates (flat, horizontal corrugated, and vertical corrugated) were tested and simulated by Abaqus to investigate the seismic behavior of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls (SPCSWs). The failure characteristics, deformation and energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness and bearing capacity of the structures under low‐frequency cyclic load were analyzed, and indexes of the seismic performance were obtained. The formulas of the shear‐bearing capacity of steel plate concrete composite shear walls are suggested, and the shear‐sharing ratio of each member is obtained. According to the obtained results, corrugated steel plates can bond with concrete well, and the bearing capacity of the vertical corrugated SPCSW are higher than that of the horizontal corrugated SPCSW. Compared with flat SPCSW, corrugated SPCSW has higher initial stiffness and lateral stiffness, better ductility and energy dissipation ability, and the degradation of bearing capacity and stiffness is slower. The shear‐sharing ratio of a steel plate is larger than that of reinforced concrete in the flat SPCSW and the vertical corrugated SPCSW, the shear force shared by steel plate and reinforced concrete in horizontal corrugated SPCSW is basically the same.     

不同钢—混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能对比分析

钢—混凝土组合剪力墙中钢板的布置形式是影响其抗震性能的一个主要因素。通过对两组内置钢板混凝土组合剪力墙和内藏钢桁架混凝土组合剪力墙试验的模拟,确定计算模型的建立方法,并选取两片相同含钢率的内置钢板混凝土组合剪力墙和内藏钢桁架混凝土组合剪力墙进行在侧向低周反复荷载作用下的计算分析,对比了两片剪力墙的承载力、刚度及其退化过程、延性、耗能特性及滞回特性。研究结果表明:在相同含钢率的条件下,内藏钢桁架混凝土组合剪力墙与内置钢板混凝土组合剪力墙相比,承载力、延性、耗能能力均有较明显提高。     

Behavior of coupled shear walls with buckling‐restrained steel plates in high‐rise buildings under lateral actions

Traditional coupling beams in coupled shear walls (CSWs) may be lack of required ductility or inconvenient to be fully repaired or replaceable after earthquake damage. To improve the CSW seismic performance, a type of new structural system, which is referred to as coupled shear walls with buckling‐restrained steel plates (CSW–BRSP), is proposed and thoroughly studied. In the system, a pair of individual concrete wall is coupled through buckling‐restrained steel plates instead of traditional concrete coupling beams. Based on the continuous medium method (CMM), stiffness and strength design formulas are developed for the seismic design of this system. Intensive investigations have been conducted to assess the undesirable axial forces in the buckling‐restrained steel plates induced by lateral loads. In order to facilitate the application of this system, a detailed design procedure is also explicitly stated. Finally, an example of typical high‐rise building is presented to illustrate the design procedure as well as demonstrate the excellent seismic performance of the proposed system by means of nonlinear time‐history analysis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

组合深梁低周反复荷载试验研究

组合深梁作为一种新型的耗能构件,可以实现宽范围的刚度渐变调幅。通过两片跨高比分别为2.0和1.0的组合深梁低周反复荷载试验,研究了其破坏过程和破坏机理,得到了深梁的滞回曲线、承载力及承载力退化系数、延性系数和能量耗散系数。研究结果表明：组合深梁随着跨高比从2.0减小到1.0,承载力增加了190%;采用混凝土板限制钢板的平面外屈曲,可以充分利用钢材的性能;钢-混凝土组合深梁是一种理想的水平抗侧力构件。图10表3参9     

Cyclic behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill walls

In order to investigate the behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill wall (PSRCW), two specimens with one-third scale, one-bay, and two-story were performed under reversed cyclic lateral load, where one specimen was with concealed vertical slits in the infill walls and another specimen with solid infill walls. Test results showed that both specimens obtained enough lateral stiffness for controlling drift and yielded enough strength appropriate for resisting lateral load. PSRCW with solid infill walls exhibited moderate ductility capacity and energy dissipation due to the degradation of post-peak strength. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits exhibited much larger ductility, deformability, and energy dissipation capacity than the other one. Once concealed vertical slits were crushed, infill walls behaved as a series of flexural columns provided fairly ductile response and stable cyclic performance. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits can improve post-peak strength degradation considerably. In addition, damaged PSRCW structure subjected to earthquake is easy to be repaired, through knocking off the heavy crushed infill walls and recasting concrete infill walls. This is another advantage of this composite structure.     

Cyclic behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill walls

In order to investigate the behavior of partially-restrained steel frame with RC infill wall (PSRCW), two specimens with one-third scale, one-bay, and two-story were performed under reversed cyclic lateral load, where one specimen was with concealed vertical slits in the infill walls and another specimen with solid infill walls. Test results showed that both specimens obtained enough lateral stiffness for controlling drift and yielded enough strength appropriate for resisting lateral load. PSRCW with solid infill walls exhibited moderate ductility capacity and energy dissipation due to the degradation of post-peak strength. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits exhibited much larger ductility, deformability, and energy dissipation capacity than the other one. Once concealed vertical slits were crushed, infill walls behaved as a series of flexural columns provided fairly ductile response and stable cyclic performance. PSRCW with concealed vertical slits can improve post-peak strength degradation considerably. In addition, damaged PSRCW structure subjected to earthquake is easy to be repaired, through knocking off the heavy crushed infill walls and recasting concrete infill walls. This is another advantage of this composite structure.     

Experimental study of lateral load behavior of H‐shaped precast reinforced concrete shear walls with bolted steel connections

This paper presents an experimental study of H‐shaped precast reinforced concrete shear walls involving vertical connections under combined vertical and lateral loading. The H‐wall is composed of two prefabricated flange wall panels: one prefabricated web wall panel and vertical bolted steel connections between the flange and web panels. The assembling of the H‐wall is completely dry without any in situ casting. Three H‐wall specimens were constructed and tested to investigate the mechanical behavior and seismic performance of them. The lateral load‐bearing capacity, ductility, energy dissipation, lateral stiffness, strain in the connecting steel frame, and sliding within the bolted steel connections are presented and discussed to evaluate the effectiveness of the vertical connections. The ultimate shear‐resistance mechanism of the precast H‐wall assembly is also analyzed. The H‐wall assemblies generally possess high load‐bearing capacity, favorable ductility, and good energy‐dissipating capacity. The thickness of the steel plates in the connecting steel frame affects the lateral stiffness and the ultimate load‐bearing capacity of the H‐walls. Furthermore, the encasing steel plates for the web wall panel not only helps transfer the stress in the wall steel bars but also confines the concrete resulting in improved ductility.     

钢管混凝土框架结构抗震性能的试验研究

按照现行规范的有关规定设计制作了一榀两跨 3层钢梁 圆钢管混凝土柱的钢管混凝土框架结构模型 ,并通过施加恒定竖向荷载和低周反复水平荷载 ,对模型框架进行了抗震性能试验研究。结果表明 ,基于现行规范所设计的钢管混凝土框架在地震时能形成梁铰破坏机制 ,框架的变形能力、承载能力、延性、耗能能力等受力性能均满足延性框架的抗震要求 ,且模型框架的有效延性系数达到了 7 5 4,远大于一般延性框架延性系数应不小于 4 0的要求。由此可以得出结论 ,钢管混凝土框架结构的抗震性能优于钢筋混凝土框架结构和钢框架结构 ,可在我国中高层住宅建筑中推广应用     

Full‐scale experimental assessment of new connection for columns in vertically mixed structures

More stiffness of concrete frames on one hand and fewer weight of steel frames on the other hand motivates using a composite system so called vertically mixed structures. The reinforced concrete and steel frames are connected together at a story called transition story. A major challenge for the designers is the connection columns in the transition story for proper transferring of efforts and preventing stress concentration phenomenon. There are some suggestions, in the literature, to build a transition composite column instead of constructing a local connection. Four full‐scale specimens of three connection types are constructed and tested experimentally under cyclic load to investigate hysteresis characteristics, failure mechanism, deformability, and energy dissipation capacity of the model. A novel through bolt lap connection adapted from concrete‐filled tube (CFT) column is proposed. Finally, backbone curves of proposed column for more accurate seismic studies are presented. No evident sign of local failure is observed in the proposed connection. Placing the steel around the reinforced concrete column section prepares the maximum possible geometrical dimensions for the steel column section and the connection. The experimental results show no strength loss for the new proposed connection under two different axial loads in lateral cyclic loading up to 4% drift.     

Experimental study on the seismic behavior of a shear wall with concrete‐filled steel tubular frames and a corrugated steel plate

Shear walls and core tubes in shear walls constitute the core anti‐earthquake vertical systems of high‐rise buildings. This paper proposes a new type of composite shear wall with concrete‐filled steel tubular frames and corrugated steel plates. The seismic behavior of the new shear wall is studied using a cyclic loading test and damage analysis. The failure mode, load‐carrying capacity, ductility, stiffness degradation, hysteresis behavior, and energy dissipating capacity exhibited in the test are studied. The test results show that when the proposed wall is broken, the tension side of concrete‐filled steel tubes is torn. The concrete at the bottom of the wall is detached and peels off along the through cracks. The energy dissipation capacity of concrete walls is more fully utilized. The proposed wall exhibits excellent deformability, energy dissipation capacity, and the stiffness degradation was slower than that of other walls. The use of corrugated steel plate significantly improved the seismic performance while simultaneously increasing the ductility and reducing the damage. In addition, this paper modified the energy dissipation factor in the Park & Ang model based on the situation of the specimen and experiment. It can be used to evaluate the damage degree of this new type of shear wall.     

半刚接钢框架内填RC墙结构滞回性能试验——局部性能分析

通过对3榀2层1跨的半刚接钢框架内填钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构(简称PSRCW)的低周反复荷载试验,重点研究结构局部受力性能,分析PSRCW结构中半刚性节点及内填墙的破坏模式与变形能力、钢框架与内填墙界面分离及滑移、以及两者之间的内力分配等局部性能。分析结果表明:内填墙的存在对半刚接节点的变形能力具有一定刚化影响,降低了节点的转动能力;在确保抗剪连接件在加载过程中不发生疲劳断裂的前提下,不同类型的抗剪连接件对PSRCW结构性能影响不明显;同时,为了避免抗剪连接件疲劳断裂,建议内填墙采用低强度等级的混凝土,或采用U形弯筋或槽钢连接件。在设计荷载水平,内填墙分担80%水平剪力,钢框架分担60%的倾覆力矩。