氰乙基三氯硅烷衍生物改性玻璃纤维增强PA6的应用及性能表征

以氰乙基三氯硅烷为初始反应物合成氰乙基三乙酰氧基硅烷(N1-A),并将其应用于玻璃纤维(GF)的表面改性处理,再通过双螺杆挤出机将改性玻纤与尼龙6(PA6)共混制备了玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料(PA6/GF).考察了硅烷偶联剂N1-A处理液质量分数对复合材料力学性能的影响,并将其与氨基硅烷KH550改性玻纤及市售玻纤进行应用对比.结果 表明:硅烷偶联剂N1-A可以与玻璃纤维发生反应,经过硅烷偶联剂N1-A处理过的玻纤与PA6基体的粘接能力更强,硅烷偶联剂N1-A处理液质量分数对处理效果有影响.复合材料的力学性能随硅烷偶联剂N1-A处理液质量分数的升高,先升高后降低,硅烷处理液的最佳质量分数为0.50％,经硅烷偶联剂N1-A处理的玻纤制备的复合材料比经KH550处理的玻纤及市售玻纤制备的PA6/GF复合材料具有更好的综合力学性能.     

PP-g-GMA对长玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

采用熔体浸渍工艺制备了长玻纤(LGF)增强聚丙烯材料。研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-GMA)对长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:PP-g-GMA影响长玻璃纤维增强PP复合材料的力学性能;当PP-g-GMA质量分数为1%时,PP/LGF复合材料的力学性能最好,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度分别提高32.34%、27.38%和74.51%。     

连续长铝纤维增强高温尼龙复合材料的力学性能

采用自行设计的连续纤维/热塑性树脂浸润模具,用熔融浸渍法制备了连续长铝纤维增强高温尼龙复合材料,研究了铝纤维含量、相容剂含量、浸润模具温度、牵引速率对连续长铝纤维增强高温尼龙复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,当铝纤维质量分数为30%、相容剂质量分数为12%、浸渍模具温度为320℃、牵引速率为2.5 m/min时,制备的连续长铝纤维增强高温尼龙复合材料的力学性能较好,可满足客户的使用要求,复合材料的产量为500 kg/h。     

玻纤增强PA46基复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用熔融共混方法,制备了低吸湿、湿态下高耐无铅锡焊性能的尼龙(PA)46基复合材料。研究了聚苯醚(PPE)、玻璃纤维(GF)、马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)的用量对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,吸水率随PPE用量的增加而降低,当PPE的质量分数为10%时,PA46/PPE共混物的力学性能最好,同时吸水率也较低;相容剂SEBS-g-MAH提高了PPE/PA46共混物的力学性能,降低了吸水率;当SEBS-g-MAH的质量分数为2%,PPE质量分数为10%,GF质量分数为30%时,复合材料的吸水率为1.79%,湿态耐无铅锡焊性能达到290℃,10 s,同时具有良好的力学性能。     

针状硅灰石/尼龙6复合材料的制备和性能研究

将针状硅灰石和尼龙6经双螺杆挤出机熔融共混,制备了硅灰石/尼龙6复合材料。研究了硅烷偶联剂种类、偶联剂质量分数、共混工艺条件和硅灰石质量分数对复合材料性能的影响。用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜分别观察了硅灰石共混前后的形貌和硅灰石/尼龙6复合材料冲击试样断面的形貌。结果表明:用KH-550预处理的硅灰石比KH-560预处理的硅灰石制备的硅灰石/尼龙6复合材料的力学性能好。硅灰石采用侧喂料和较低的螺杆转速制备硅灰石/尼龙6复合材料,可以提高硅灰石/尼龙6复合材料的力学性能。随着硅灰石质量分数的增加,复合材料的力学性能提高。     

GF增强PA6复合材料的力学与摩擦性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备玻璃纤维(GF)增强尼龙(PA)6复合材料,研究了GF含量对PA6/GF复合材料力学性能和摩擦性能的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的磨损机理进行分析.结果表明,GF显著影响复合材料的力学性能和摩擦性能,GF质量分数为15%时增强效果较好,PA6/GF复合材料的缺口冲击强度比纯PA6提高5倍,摩擦因数降低43%,磨损量减少33%.GF含量较低时,PA6/GF复合材料的磨损以磨粒磨损和粘着磨损为主,含量较高时则主要表现为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损.     

高流动性碳纤维增强尼龙66的制备与性能

以尼龙66为基体材料,添加碳纤维、增韧剂、流动改性剂等相关功能助剂,通过双螺杆挤出机制备了碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料,采用注塑工艺制备了碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料的标准试样,研究了碳纤维及流动改性剂含量对复合材料力学性能和熔体流动性能的影响。结果表明,提升碳纤维含量可以大幅度提高碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料的力学性能,当碳纤维质量分数为35%时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到251 MPa,比纯尼龙66树脂提高了210%,弯曲强度由纯树脂的72 MPa提高到358 MPa,提高了397%,缺口冲击强度提高了178%,达到22 kJ/m~2。通过加入流动改性剂可以提高碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料的熔体流动速率(MFR),并且不影响复合材料的力学性能,当流动改性剂的质量分数为1%时,碳纤维质量分数为25%的复合材料的MFR达到16.1 g/(10 min),比未添加流动改性剂时提高了193%,碳纤维质量分数为35%的复合材料的MFR为15.5 g/(10 min),比未添加流动改性剂时提高了319%。     

地下工程用纤维增强复合材料的制备与性能研究

为了提升地下工程用纤维增强复合材料的力学性能,采用熔融共混方法制备多种玻璃纤维添加量的纤维增强复合材料,研究了玻璃纤维添加量对复合材料密度和灰分、熔融和结晶以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加玻璃纤维制备得到的PA66/GF复合材料的密度和灰分都大于PA66,且随着玻璃纤维添加量的增大,PA66/GF复合材料的密度和灰分都逐渐增大;纤维增强尼龙复合材料中添加20%～30%的玻璃纤维不会显著改变复合材料的熔点,但是结晶温度有所提升、结晶时间明显缩短。研究结果将有助于高性能地下工程用纤维增强复合材料的开发与应用。     

滑石粉-玻纤协同增强尼龙复合材料

采用熔融共混法制备了玻纤(GF)/尼龙6(PA6)复合材料,考察了GF含量对GF/PA6复合材料力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,在玻纤含量较低时,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度伴随着玻纤含量的增加而提高。当GF质量分数为30%时,复合材料的力学性能和熔体流动速率处于最佳平衡状态。在GF增强的基础上,采用滑石粉(Talc)与GF复合增强体系,制备了系列增强尼龙复合材料。考察了Talc含量对PA6/Talc/GF复合材料力学性能的影响,Talc含量为5%时,复合材料的力学性能最好,片层状Talc与纤维状GF发挥了良好的协同作用。     

玻璃纤维长度对聚丙烯/玻璃纤维复合材料力学性能的影响

为了研究玻璃纤维增强热塑性树脂复合材料中玻璃纤维的保留长度对复合材料力学性能的影响,采用在线混炼注塑一步法制备质量分数为20%的玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯(PP/GF)复合材料。通过改变螺杆结构制备出2种不同的PP/GF复合材料制品。结果表明:螺杆的剪切强度越小,制品中保留的玻璃纤维长度越长;随着玻璃纤维保留长度的增加,玻璃纤维与基体间的黏结界面增加,拔出时需要克服更大的界面结合力;降低螺杆对玻璃纤维的剪切强度,有利于提高玻璃纤维的保留长度,得到更高性能的PP/GF复合材料。     

玻纤、粉煤灰增强MC尼龙复合材料的研究

利用铸型尼龙(MC尼龙)静态浇铸的原理，通过阴离子聚合制得了玻纤、粉煤灰增强MC尼龙。研究了不同玻纤和粉煤灰质量分数对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明，用这种方法制得的玻纤、粉煤灰增强MC尼龙的机械性能较普通MC尼龙有较大幅度提高，纤维在基体中的分散性好，与基体的粘接性也相当好；加入30％玻璃纤维和10％粉煤灰可使复合材料的拉伸强度提高13．8％、弯曲强度提高32．8％、弯曲弹性模量提高110％、无缺口冲击韧性提高442％、而硬度提高49．6％。     

相容剂对长玻纤增强尼龙66树脂力学性能和流变行为的影响

采用自行研制的熔体浸渍包覆长玻纤装置,制备了长玻纤增强尼龙66(LGF-PA66)复合材料.研究了相容剂乙烯-辛烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)、三元乙丙橡胶接枝马来酸酐(EPDM-g-MAH)对LGF-PA66力学性能和流学行为的影响.结果发现:当相容剂质量分数为2.5%时,复合材料的拉伸强度最大,缺口冲击强度在相容剂质量分数为0%～10.0%范围内近似线性的增加,不同相容剂对力学性能的影响相似.运用了拉伸强度模型和缺口冲击强度模型对实验结果进行了解释.相容剂用量的增加导致了平衡扭矩线性的提高,但对实际加工并没有带来太大的影响.     

Natural fiber blend—nylon 6 composites

In this study, engineering thermoplastic composites were prepared from natural fiber blend–filled nylon 6. Natural fiber blend from a mixture of kenaf, flax, and hemp fibers were added to nylon 6 using melt mixing to produce compounded pellets. The natural fibers/ nylon6 composites with varying concentrations of natural fibers (from 5 to 20 wt%) were prepared by injection molding. The tensile and flexural properties of the nylon 6 composites were increased significantly with the addition of the natural fiber blend. The maximum strength and modulus of elasticity for the nylon 6 composites were achieved at a natural fiber blend weight fraction of 20%. The Izod impact strength of composites decreased with the incorporation of natural fibers without any surface treatments and coupling agent. The melt flow index (MFI) also decreased with increasing natural fiber blend loading. The results of tensile and flexural modulus of elasticity (FMOE) are in accordance with the rheological data from the MFI measurements. The increase in the tensile and flexural properties indicated that efficient bonding occurred between the natural fibers and nylon 6. No fiber pullout was observed during the scanning electron microscopic analysis of the fracture surfaces. The higher mechanical results with lower density demonstrate that a natural fiber blend can be used as a sufficient reinforcing material for low‐cost, eco‐friendly composites in the automotive industry and in other applications such as the building and construction industries, packaging, consumer products, etc.POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Influence of interfacial adhesion on the structural and mechanical behavior of PP‐banana/glass hybrid composites

Hybrid composites of polypropylene (PP), reinforced with short banana and glass fibers were fabricated using Haake torque rheocord followed by compression molding with and without the presence maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) as a coupling agent. Incorporation of both fibers into PP matrix resulted in increase of tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength upto 30 wt% with an optimum strength observed at 2 wt% MAPP treated 15 wt% banana and 15 wt% glass fiber. The rate of water absorption for the hybrid composites was decreased due to the presence of glass fiber and coupling agent. The effect of fiber loading in presence of coupling agent on the dynamic mechanical properties has been analyzed to investigate the interfacial properties. An increase in storage modulus (E′) of the treated‐composite indicates higher stiffness. The loss tangent (tan δ) spectra confirms a strong influence of fiber loading and coupling agent concentration on the α and β relaxation process of PP. The nature of fiber matrix adhesion was examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the tensile fractured specimen. Thermal measurements were carried out through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), indicated an increase in the crystallization temperature and thermal stability of PP with the incorporation of MAPP‐treated banana and glass fiber. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:1247–1257, 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Banana/Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Hybrid Composites: Fabrication and Performance Evaluation

Hybrid composites of Polypropylene (PP) reinforced with intimately mixed short banana and glass fibers were fabricated using Haake twin screw extruder followed by compression molding with and without the presence maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) as a coupling agent. Incorporation of both the fibers into PP matrix resulted in an increase in tensile, flexural and impact strength with an increasing level of fiber content upto 30 wt% at banana: glass fiber ratio of 15:15 wt% and 2 wt% of MAPP. The rate of water absorption for the hybrid composites decreased due to the presence of glass fiber and coupling agent. The effect of fiber loading in presence of coupling agent on the dynamic mechanical properties has also been analyzed to investigate the interfacial properties. An increase in the storage modulus (E′) of the treated composite indicates higher stiffness. The tan δ spectra confirms a strong influence of fiber contents and coupling agent on the α and β relaxation processes of PP. The nature of fiber matrix adhesion was examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the tensile fractured specimen. Thermal measurements were carried out employing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) which indicated a decrease in the crystallization temperature and thermal stability of PP with the incorporation of MAPP treated banana and Glass fiber.     

玻璃纤维增强MC尼龙力学性能的研究

用玻璃纤维对MC尼龙复合材料进行改性,研究了玻璃纤维含量及长度对MC尼龙复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:玻纤含量50%的MC尼龙同玻纤含量40%的MC尼龙相比,冲击强度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别提高29.63%、5.43%,6.47%;MC尼龙复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度及冲击强度随玻璃纤维长度的增长而增加,玻纤的长度越长,MC尼龙复合料力学性能提升效果越好;MC尼龙复合材料弯曲强度与玻纤重均长度为正相关关系,随着玻纤重均长度增大而增大。     

PVC/粉煤灰/玻璃纤维复合材料力学性能的研究

采用粉煤灰填充PVC,并添加玻璃纤维对复合材料进行增强。结果表明:在PVC中填加未经处理的粉煤灰后,体系力学性能随粉煤灰含量的增加而下降。用硅烷偶联剂和硬脂酸对粉煤灰进行表面处理后,共混体系的力学性能有所提高,且硅烷的处理效果要好一些。用玻璃纤维对该复合体系进行补强,填充量为8phr时,补强效果最佳。     

Glass fiber‐reinforced polyamide composites toughened with ABS and EPR‐g‐MA

A series of glass fiber‐reinforced rubber‐toughened nylon 6 composites was prepared. The mechanical properties and morphology of the composites toughened with ABS were investigated and compared with composites toughened with EPR‐g‐MA. A study of the mechanical properties showed that the balance of the impact strength and stiffness for both types of systems can be significantly improved by proper incorporation of glass fibers into toughened nylon 6. The differences between these two types of rubber‐toughened composites are significant at a high rubber content. However, the ductility of both composites toughened with rubber was significantly lower than that of blends without glass fiber. The relationships between rubber content, nylon 6 molecular weight, compatibilizer, processing, and mechanical properties are discussed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 484–497, 2001     

Effect of Titanate Coupling Agent on the Mechanical Properties of Flyash Filled Chloroprene Rubber

Effects of treatment of coupling agent [(neopentyl (diallyl) oxy, trineodecanonyl titanate) (LICA 01)] on mechanical properties of composites made from chloroprene rubber and flyash is reported here. A 1% coupling agent was selected for the treatment of the flyash filler. The treatment resulted in enhancement of mechanical properties of composites of the said rubber when compared with untreated flyash composites separately. The properties under consideration were tensile strength, moduli at 100% and 400%, Young's modulus, hardness, etc. Tensile strength was improved by 1365%, modulus at 400% was found to improve by 1410%, while Young's modulus was improved by 1216%.     

偶联剂对短玻纤增强PA66微观结构及性能影响研究

利用双螺杆挤出机制备短玻纤增强尼龙66(GF／PA66)复合材料，研究多种偶联剂对GF／PA66的微观结构及性能的影响。结果表明，偶联剂的加入，不仅使GF在PA66基体中基本呈均匀分布，而且使材料的结构及性能有较大的改善；复合偶联剂All00 A B的改性效果优于单独使用A1100；复合偶联剂中All00的最佳含量为1．5％；随着GF含量的增加，材料的综合性能提高，但当GF含量大于35％时，材料的综合性能开始有所降低；All00 A B改性的GF／PA66的失效机理为界面的脱粘、脱粘后的摩擦和纤维的拔出。