Experimental gastric cancer (author's transl)

Methods have been established to produce gastric cancer in rats and dogs by administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine or of the ethyl derivate. The agent is administered in drinking water or by a pellet diet soaked in the carcinogen. Histologically well differentiated and poorly differentiated types of adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell tumors are induced in several months with greath reliability. Metastases were observed in both rats and dogs with gastric carcinoma. The carcinogenic effect could be enhanced by surface active agents, sodium chloride, iodoacetamide, insertion of plastic beads into the stomach and gastroenteroanastomosis. Follow-up studies by radiologic, endoscopic and bioptic examinations are possible in the dog. There are similarities in these experimental tumors to those in man and thus they provide means for the investigation of histogenesis, prevention, and chemotherapy of gastric cancer. An adenocarcinoma of the glandular stomach of a Wistar rat was successively transplanted to new born rats of the same strain.     

Neonatal gastric perforation (author's transl)

Three cases of neonatal gastric perforation of unknown etiology are presented. All three patients are female, one of them a second twin and two of them less than 2,000 g. in weight. All the patients were born under anoxic deliveries and needed resuscitative treatment. Digestive and respiratory symptoms started in all between the 2nd and the 4th days of life. Diagnosis, clinically suspected, is established radiologically. Perforations were surgically closed in all three patients. Two remain alive.     

Acute abdomen masking pyelonephritis (author's transl)

Analysis of 10 case histories shows that the picture of the acute abdomen may predominate in acutely exacerbated pyelonephritis. Viscero-dermal reflexes with hyperalgesia and muscular defense, visero-visceral organ reflexes with shock, vomiting, meteorism and disturbances of intestinal motility and metabolic acidosis are temptations to laparotomy. Fever in particular, pathological urinalysis, renal acidosis and occasionally hyperchloremia suggest the diagnosis of "abdominal type of acutely exacerbated pyelonephritis".     

On gastric corpus-pyloric antrum inhibitory reflexes (author's transl)

Twenty eight adults dogs fasted over night were used under Nembutal anesthesia. The influences of distension of the pouch which was made on gatric corpus on the motility of gastric pyloric antrum were investigated. The following results were obtained. 1) Any changes were not observed on the motility on gastric pyloric antrum by distension of gastric corpus pouch by a pressure of 20 mmHg, but a stepwise elevation of the lumen pressure of the pouch from 50 mmHg to 100 mmGh, elicited a remarkable relaxation of the tone and inhibition of motility of the pyloric antrum. These inhibitory responses were not abolished by the bilateral cervical vagotomy or by the bilateral splanchnicotomy respectively, but these inhibitory reflexes were disappeared completely after the transection of both extrinsic nerves. 2) The inhibition of motility of gastric pyloric antrum were also elicited by the electric stimulation of the central cut end of vagal branch or of splanchnic branch which innervated the gastric corpus respectively. 3) It may be concluded that the reflex pathways of the gastric corpus-pyloric antrum inhibitory reflexes involve not only in vagus nerves but also in splanchnic nerves.     

Data on the pathogenesis of solitary juvenile bone cysts (author's transl)

On the basis of the histologic analysis of 45 solitary (juvenile) bone-cysts the author reveals new aspects of the pathogenesis. I. Data on sex-age-localisation are referred to. II. Due to the hemosiderosis regularly manifesting itself in the loose connective tissue layer lining the cyst and owing to the similarity to the liquified hematomas to be found elsewhere in the organism, as well as on the basis of the specific blood-supply conditions of the spongiosa of the increasing metaphysis the author presumes the intramedullary hemorrhage--possibly occurring also without fracture--to be the primary change. III. In the lining layer of the cyst, as well as in the adjacent bony tissue the author frequently observed capillary stase and to a considerable degree lymphedemas (resorption insufficiency). On the basis of these data the author presumes that the following mechanism might be hold responsible for the persisting of the cyst: The congestive (anoxic) wall of the capillary gets permeable for the proteins. Hence the fluid of high protein content, filling the cyst is constantly replaced. It is emphasized that solely the lymphatic vessels are apt to convey proteins. On the basis, however, of the histologic phenomena (lymphedema) observed, the pericystic lymphatic system is in the stage of relative insufficiency.     

Multiple gastric carcinoid, its diagnosis in gastric polyposis (author's transl)

Carcinoid of the stomach, hormonally inactive, is diagnosed with MDP, gastroscopy and biopsy. Solitary carcinoids are treated with excision in toto with immediate histology of the edges. Multiple gastric carcinoids require gastrectomy.     

Pathogenesis and treatment of primary and secondary recurrent erosion (author's transl)

Out of 72 cases of recurrent erosion (RE) a trauma was given as the cause in 61. In 11 cases it occurred spontaneously. Primary recurrent erosion develops predominantly after corneal injury by foreign bodies of organic origin. Finger nail injuries are the most common cause of RE (in erosions 2%, in recurrent erosions 20%). The composition and surface structure of the injuring body may well be of far greater importance with regard to the statistical incidence of primary RE than the mechanism of the trauma (tangential bruising). In RE there may be a neurodystrophy (situated below the centre, organic foreign bodies). In addition to the frequently encountered primary RE (usually after injury by an organic foreign body) there is a "secondary" RE, less often seen, presumably hereditary, and bilateral, in superficial corneal and epithelial dystrophies. We have achieved good therapeutic results by doing a corneal abrasion and inducing a circumscribed inflammation (with lactic acid).     

Pathogenesis and clinics of gastric stump carcinoma (author's transl)

Statistics of postmortem examinations and retrospective long-term observations indicate a disposition of the resected stomach for the development of a primary carcinoma. The risk to develop a carcinoma after resection for peptic ulcer shows a two- to three-fold increase compared to gastric cancer mortality of the normal population. Because of the lack of typical symptoms for gastric stump cancer surgical treatment will occur late and the 5-years survival rate is only 1.38%. The cause of the increased cancer risk after gastric resection seems to be the atrophic gastritis in the gastric remnant which is found after a few years.     

Dumping-prophylaxis (author's transl)

The dumping syndrome is due to a vigorous reflex distension of the jejunum, caused by the stomach violently evacuating its contents. The aim of treatment is to overcome the drastic evacuation by restoring the rhythmic peristalsis of the stomach (eukinetics). This can be achieved by a special diet. Every meal should begin with well chewed solids (pulp) and avoid all fluids. With a well organised medical staff a complete success can be achieved. Surgical measures in Dumping can be avoided.