Adaptive second-order fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for robotic manipulators

This paper presents an adaptive chattering-free sliding mode controller for trajectory tracking of robotic manipulators in the presence of external disturbances and inertia uncertainties. To achieve fast convergence and desirable tracking precision, a second-order fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode (SOFNTSM) controller is designed to guarantee system performance and robust stability. Chattering is eliminated using continuous control law due to high-frequency switching terms contained in the first derivative of actual control signals. Meanwhile, uncertainties are compensated by introducing the adaptive technique, whose prior knowledge about upper bound is not required. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

Anti-disturbance speed control of low-speed high-torque PMSM based on second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode load observer

This paper presents an anti-disturbance speed control of low-speed high-torque permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on the second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode load observer. According to the coordinate transformation theory, the mathematical model of PMSM is established. Subsequently, the second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode observer (SNTSMO) is designed to observe the changes of load disturbance in the PMSM system. The SNTSMO combines the advantages of both high-order sliding mode and non-singular terminal sliding mode to achieve the fast convergence and no chattering. Next, the sliding mode controller (SMC) is designed to achieve speed loop control of PMSM. Then, the anti-disturbance compound speed controller is established on the basis of SMC and SNTSMO, wherein the feed-forward compensation is used to reduce the disturbance from the load. Finally, the numerical simulations and experiments are presented according to the schematic diagram of the designed compound speed controller of PMSM. The results demonstrate that the designed SNTSMO can precisely estimate the load disturbance and suppress the effects of buffeting in the traditional sliding mode observer (SMO). Additionally, the designed compound speed controller of PMSM can achieve smooth speed control in the presence of load disturbance, achieve the purpose of anti-disturbance speed control and further improve the robustness of the control system.     

基于terminal滑模控制的小卫星机动方法

采用terminal滑模控制方法研究了以单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)为执行机构的小卫星的姿态机动控制。首先,基于修正罗德里格斯(MRP)参数建立了小卫星数学模型,以terminal滑模控制方法进行控制力矩规划。然后,采用SGCMGs作为小卫星执行机构,以非对角奇异鲁棒操纵律跟踪terminal滑模控制产生的期望力矩;通过仿真分析归纳出terminal滑模控制设计参数的变化规律和选取原则。最后,利用小卫星三轴气浮转台实验验证termianl滑模控制方法的实用性。实验显示:根据参数选取原则设定的参数进行小卫星机动稳定实验得到的姿态角和姿态角速度控制精度和稳态误差分别小于0.1°和0.01(°)/s,满足三轴气浮转台最佳控制精度。结果表明terminal滑模控制方法在小卫星机动稳定任务中具有很高的控制精度和稳定度,能够为小卫星成像任务稳定执行提供良好的基础。     

基于高阶滑模方法的永磁同步电机控制系统研究

设计并实现一种采用定子电流和转子磁链为状态量的高阶滑模观测器,该观测器以四阶状态方程为基础,可以直接输出转子磁链的观测值.为避免因引入低通滤波器而产生的磁链相位变化,提出一种矢量状态方程滤波方法,以电流的观测偏差为滑模面,将等效控制信号直接输入到磁链方程中,通过磁链方程对抖振信号进行滤波.仿真结果表明,在没有对观测值进...     

Robust internal model control of servo motor based on sliding mode control approach

This paper proposes a robust internal model control (IMC) based on sliding mode control (SMC) approach for high-performance motion control of a servo motor subject to uncertainties and/or disturbances. The proposed control strategy considers not only the simplicity and intuition of the IMC-based controller for a prescribed tracking performance but also the effectiveness of the SMC scheme to guarantee the robustness of the servo system. Since the performance of the IMC-based controller can be analyzed via a SMC structure, a robust control law based on the SMC technique is introduced into the IMC scheme to decrease the sensitivity to uncertainties and enhance the resistance to disturbances. Moreover, the 2-degree-of-freedom IMC integrating the robust SMC scheme is developed to further improve the control performance. The stability is analyzed based on Lyapunov theory, and the theoretical results show that a prescribed transient tracking performance and a final tracking accuracy of the servo system can be guaranteed. Comparative simulations and experiments are investigated to verify the high performance nature of the proposed control strategy.     

Finite-time control for nonlinear spacecraft attitude based on terminal sliding mode technique

In this paper, a fast terminal sliding mode control (FTSMC) scheme with double closed loops is proposed for the spacecraft attitude control. The FTSMC laws are included both in an inner control loop and an outer control loop. Firstly, a fast terminal sliding surface (FTSS) is constructed, which can drive the inner loop tracking-error and the outer loop tracking-error on the FTSS to converge to zero in finite time. Secondly, FTSMC strategy is designed by using Lyaponov's method for ensuring the occurrence of the sliding motion in finite time, which can hold the character of fast transient response and improve the tracking accuracy. It is proved that FTSMC can guarantee the convergence of tracking-error in both approaching and sliding mode surface. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

基于快速终端滑模的机器人轨迹跟踪避障方法

针对非完整轮式机器人有限时间精准轨迹跟踪避障问题,设计了一种基于全局快速终端滑模方法,兼具无抖振、收敛时间可调等优点的轨迹跟踪控制器。首先,在载体坐标系下建立轮式机器人运动学模型;其次,构造包含终端吸引子和指数收敛项的全局快速终端滑模轨迹跟踪控制器,通过Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了所设计的控制器能确保轨迹与航向角跟踪误差均能在有限时间内收敛于较小的零域范围内;最后,引入人工势场避障方法,实现了机器人严格跟踪参考轨迹的同时绕开障碍物。实验结果表明,该方法能实现在避障的同时对于给定参考轨迹的有限时间稳定跟踪控制。     

基于滑模学习算法自适应线性单元的开关磁阻电机速度控制研究

针对开关磁阻电机(SRM)速度控制问题,为了获得更好的速度控制鲁棒性,将基于滑模学习算法(SMLA)的自适应线性单元(Adaline)应用到SRM的转矩和磁链辨识,提出了一种新的SRM速度控制方案。将Adaline与传统的PD控制器相结合作为速度控制器,电流和转子位置作为反馈量对SRM进行了电磁转矩和磁链的辨识,以直接转矩控制(DTC)部分负责磁链计算、扇区计算等,并在阶跃和正弦两种输入情况下对系统进行了仿真。研究结果表明,基于SMLA的Adaline不仅能够以较好的快速性和鲁棒性辨识SRM的电磁转矩和磁链,而且能够结合传统的比例微分(PD)控制器实现SRM的速度控制,且在速度控制过程中不需用到电机的任何参数。     

基于比例切换函数的机床无刷直流电动机滑模控制研究

针对机床无刷直流电动机驱动系统常规PI控制的不足,在推导无刷直流电动机数学模型的基础上,提出将基于比例切换函数的滑模控制应用于电动机调速系统,并进行控制器设计;同时在Matlab/Simulink软件上进行了仿真验证,仿真结果表明所提出的滑模控制方法不仅具有较快的动态响应和较好的精度,且有较强的抗负载扰动能力。     

基于遗传算法的三维起重机滑模控制方法研究

针对由5个非线性2阶常微分方程构成的三维起重机模型,采用滑模变结构方法设计控制器,从整体上同时对起重机大车、小车的位置和负载摆角进行控制。并利用遗传算法对其参数进行优化,减小了系统的抖振,实现了系统的精确定位和防摆。仿真表明了该控制方法的有效性。     

基于扰动观测器的永磁同步电机电流环自适应滑模控制

针对扰动对永磁同步电机转速伺服系统性能的影响,提出了基于扰动观测器的电流环自适应滑模控制方法。设计了自适应律在线估计系统的内部参数摄动以补偿模型不确定性扰动。同时,设计了滑模扰动观测器实时估计系统外部负载扰动,并将观测值前馈补偿到电流环自适应滑模控制器,在提高系统鲁棒性的同时降低滑模控制系统的抖振。实验结果显示,采用基于扰动观测器的电流环自适应滑模控制方法,系统可快速、准确、无超调地跟踪900r/min的速度指令,调节时间为0.08s,稳态误差为±5r/min。加入0.6N·m的负载扰动,该控制方法的最大转速波动为21r/min,比PI控制方法的转速波动减小了3.4%。仿真和实验结果表明,基于扰动观测器的电流环自适应控制方法提高了永磁同步电机转速伺服系统的鲁棒性和动态响应性能,同时可有效抑制滑模控制系统的抖振。     

一种基于神经元离散滑模变结构的位置控制方法

本文针对数控机床位置伺服系统参数不确定及存在外界干扰的特点,以趋近率设计方法为基础,结合神经元的自学习能力.设计了基于神经元离散滑模变结构的位置伺服控制算法,并用波波夫超稳定性理论证明了神经元自学习离散滑模变结构控制系统的稳定性.实验结果表明,采用这种控制方法极大地削弱了常规滑模变结构控制中的抖振现象,使得系统不但具有良好的动、静态性能,而且具有较强的鲁棒性,满足了数控机床快速、准确的位置伺服控制要求.     

基于负载观测器的直线开关磁阻电机滑模位置控制

基于负载观测器补偿的滑模变结构控制算法,设计了一个直线开关磁阻电机位置控制器。论文对该位置控制系统进行了仿真分析和实验验证,结果表明,采用负载观测器补偿后的滑模控制算法实现直线开关磁阻电机的位置控制比传统的PD控制和传统的滑模控制具有更好的控制性能。     

多关节移动机械臂系统的快速终端滑模控制

为了实现多关节移动机械臂系统在机械摩擦和模型误差等干扰下的精确控制,提出了快速终端滑模控制方法.首先建立了移动机械臂系统动力学和运动学模型,然后设计了运动环控制律,并将移动机械臂系统的运动指令转换为动力指令,最后针对动力环设计了快速终端滑模控制律,并通过自适应神经网络进行干扰估计,实现了对多关节移动机械臂系统的精确控制.仿真实验结果表明,提出的方法具有更好的快速性和准确性,移动平台的最大跟踪误差仅为0.8 cm,关节末端的最大跟踪误差仅为0.3 cm,干扰估计的最大误差为0.2 N·m,控制效果和精度均得到了明显的提升.     

基于能量整型方法的永磁同步直线电机位置控制

针对永磁同步直线电机(PMLSM)的位置控制问题,从能量整型控制的角度进行了研究。基于哈密顿反馈耗散控制方法,结合系统的物理能量特性,在dq旋转坐标系下建立了包含电能和动能的永磁同步直线电机闭环系统哈密顿函数,通过反馈耗散方法对永磁同步直线电机进行速度控制器设计,保证了系统在稳态运行点达到输入/输出能量的动态平衡。为了提高系统响应性能,提出了阻尼参数PID自整定方法实现阻尼参数的自调节,并通过设计位置控制外环构成了包含位置、速度的双环控制系统,实现了PMLSM位置控制。实验结果表明,所设计的控制器具有良好的稳定性、快速的位置跟踪性和抗干扰能力。     

基于自适应模糊的旋转弹反演滑模控制律设计

针对旋转弹药模型具有非线性、强耦合和参数不确定性等特点,建立了考虑不确定因素的非线性控制模型,提出一种基于自适应反演和滑模控制理论的旋转弹体姿态控制律。基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,利用反演控制和滑模变结构理论取虚拟控制量作为滑动模态,设计了姿态控制器;基于模糊控制方法较强的逼近能力,引入自适应模糊控制实现对不确定参数的估计,同时通过对切换增益的模糊逼近解决了滑模面的抖振问题。仿真结果表明,所设计的控制律具有较好的稳定性和鲁棒性,该控制模型和控制器的设计合理可行。     

快速终端滑模控制在并联机器人中的应用

针对二自由度冗余驱动并联机器人,提出了并联机器人的快速终端滑模控制(FTSMC)以实现其鲁棒控制,并利用Lyapunov函数证明了该控制系统的稳定性。仿真结果表明,该控制系统跟踪效果好,系统误差小,可以满足并联机器人控制的要求。与采用普通滑模控制相比,该控制系统具有状态响应速度快,系统状态在有限时间内收敛到零的特点。仿真实验证实了该控制策略的正确性和有效性。     

Adaptive super-twisting fractional-order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control of cable-driven manipulators

This paper proposes a novel adaptive super-twisting fractional-order nonsingular terminal sliding mode (AST–FONTSM) control scheme using time delay estimation (TDE) for the cable-driven manipulators. The designed control scheme utilizes TDE to obtain the estimation of system dynamics, and therefore no system dynamic model information will be required. Afterwards, AST and FONTSM schemes are applied to ensure good control performance in both reaching and sliding mode phases. Due to the adoption of AST scheme, good robustness and high control precision are obtained in the reaching phase, while the boundary information of the lumped uncertainties will be no longer required. Thanks to the utilization of FONTSM error dynamics, fast convergence and accurate tracking and strong robustness can be simultaneously ensured in the sliding mode phase. Corresponding comparative simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiorities of our proposed method over the existing control methods.     

基于终端滑模控制器的高精度伺服系统设计

随着工业机器人与精密机床的发展,传统的三环控制策略无法满足伺服系统对动态响应速度、位置跟踪精度及超调量越来越高的要求.针对这一问题,结合已有的研究成果,提出微分前馈控制与终端滑模结合的控制策略,在负反馈基础上,添加位置前馈控制,实现位置信号的快速跟踪,将非奇异快速终端滑模控制方法应用到位置环与速度环,提高电机位置跟踪精...     

Super-twisting sliding mode control with defined boundary layer for chattering reduction of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - The super-twisting algorithm (STA, a class of second-order sliding mode control (SOSMC)) is widely used in permanent magnet linear synchronous motor...