基于用户聚类的协同过滤推荐方法

为了提高电子商务网站的个性化服务效率,给出了一种改进的用户聚类的协同过滤推荐方法,该算法利用用户对项目的关注的相似性来修正原始相似性计算,综合考虑用户对项目的关注和用户评价对推荐的影响.实验表明,该基于用户聚类的协同过滤推荐算法不仅减少了用户在寻找最近邻居的搜索强度,加快了推荐生成速度,而且增强了推荐算法的实时性,提高了推荐质量.     

个性化服务中基于模糊聚类的协同过滤推荐

推荐系统是个性化服务中最重要的技术之一,协同过滤技术已经成功地应用于个性化推荐系统中。随着用户和商品数目日益增加,推荐系统的效能逐渐降低,实时性要求也难以保证。针对此缺点,本文使用了一种基于模糊聚类的协同过滤推荐,根据用户对项目评分的相似性对项目进行模糊聚类,并在此基础上搜索目标用户的最近邻居,从而缩小最近邻的查找范围并产生推荐结果。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效提高个性化服务中的实时响应速度。     

基于用户聚类的电子商务推荐系统

协同过滤是推荐系统中采用最为广泛和成功的推荐技术,但随着电子商务系统用户数目和商品数目的增加,在整个用户空间上搜索目标用户的最近邻居的耗时也急剧增加,导致系统性能下降.提出了一种基于用户项目类偏好值矩阵聚类的合作推荐方法,解决了"冷开始"问题,并且由于只在目标用户所属类别中搜索其最近邻居,减少了搜索空间,有效地提高推荐系统的实时响应速度.     

基于蜂群K-means聚类模型的协同过滤推荐算法

针对目前协同过滤推荐算法的推荐质量和推荐效率低的问题,提出了一种基于改进蜂群K-means聚类模型的协同过滤推荐算法。首先,根据用户属性信息,采用改进蜂群K-means算法对用户进行聚类,建立用户聚类模型;然后,计算目标用户与用户聚类模型中各聚类中心的距离,其中距离最近的类为目标用户的检索空间;最后,从检索空间中依据用户-项目评分矩阵通过相似度计算搜索目标用户的最近邻居,由最近邻居的信息产生推荐列表。实验结果表明,该算法降低了平均绝对误差值,缩短了运行时间,提高了推荐质量和推荐效率。     

个性化服务中基于用户聚类的协同过滤推荐

协同过滤技术被成功地应用于个性化推荐系统中，但随着系统规模扩大，它的效能逐渐降低。针对此缺点，使用了基于用户聚类的协同过滤推荐，根据用户评分的相似性对用户聚类，在此基础上搜索目标用户的最近邻居，从而缩小用户的搜索范围。本文还提出将协同过滤推荐分为类内相似系数计算和产生推荐两个阶段，把相似系数的计算放在离线部分，减少在线推荐的计算量，提高实时响应速度。另对聚类算法初始聚类中心的选取也做了改进。     

基于用户模糊聚类的两阶段协同过滤推荐

推荐系统中,随着用户数目和商品数目的日益增加,传统的协同过滤技术在生成推荐时的速度已经成为一种瓶颈。针对此问题,本文提出了一种基于用户模糊聚类的两阶段协同过滤推荐。两阶段分为离线和在线两个阶段。离线时,应用模糊聚类技术,对基本用户进行模糊聚类;在线时,利用已有的用户模糊聚类寻找目标用户的最近邻居,并产生推荐。实验表明,基于用户模糊聚类的两阶段协同过滤推荐不仅加快了推荐生成速度,还提高了推荐质量。     

基于项目特征聚类的协同过滤推荐算法

提出基于项目特征聚类的Item-based协同过滤推荐算法.该算法首先根据项目的属性特征对项目进行聚类,形成其特征相似群,然后采用一种基于预评分的相似性度量方法计算目标项的最近邻居,最终产生推荐.经实验验证该算法可以有效解决用户评分数据稀疏性和冷启动的难题,而且可以显著提高系统推荐质量.     

基于子空间聚类的协同过滤推荐算法

为了降低数据稀疏性对推荐算法效率产生的影响,提出一种基于子空间聚类的协同过滤推荐算法(SCUCF).该算法创建感兴趣、不感兴趣以及既不感兴趣也不不感兴趣三种类型被评价项目的不同子空间.利用项目子空间为目标用户绘制邻居用户树,以此来寻找目标用户的邻居.利用改进的用户相似性计算方法来确定推荐用户.通过MovieLens 1...     

基于时间加权的个性化推荐算法研究

协同过滤算法是个性化推荐系统中应用最成功的推荐算法之一,但传统的算法没有考虑在不同时间段内寻找最近邻居问题,导致寻找的邻居集合可能不是最近邻居集合。针对这个问题,本文提出了基于时间加权的协同过滤算法。该算法赋予每项评分一个按时间逐步递减的权重,利用加权后的评分寻找目标用户的最近邻居。实验表明,改进的算法提高了协同过滤推荐系统的推荐质量。     

基于项目聚类和评分的时间加权协同过滤算法

针对传统协同过滤算法中面临稀疏项目评分矩阵计算耗时不准确、同等对待不同时间段用户的项目评分这些影响推荐精度的问题,提出了基于项目聚类和评分的时间加权协同过滤推荐算法(TCF).该算法将项目评分与项目属性特征综合相似度高的聚到一个类别里,能有效解决数据稀疏性问题,降低生成最近邻居集合时间.引入时间加权函数赋予项目评分按时间递减的权重,根据加权后的评分寻找目标用户的最近邻居集合.实验从平均绝对误差、平均排序分和命中率三个指标来表明改进算法能有效提高推荐的准确性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.