压气机周向槽处理机匣的轴向位置研究

为研究处理机匣位置对压气机性能的影响,对跨音压气机rotor37进行了不同轴向位置周向处理槽的全三维定常数值模拟,在分析处理机匣扩稳机理的基础上研究了光壁机匣和各种处理机匣下的压气机流场结构.结果表明,周向槽处理机匣能在效率损失不大的情况下使压气机失稳边界向特性图的左上方移动,额定转速下的周向处理槽覆盖叶尖弦长中部时能获得3.35%的扩稳裕度,而效率损失仅为0.23%.在对比多种处理机匣下的压气机性能和内部流场分布后认为:设计点下的处理机匣应以覆盖叶尖中部为宜.     

Numerical investigation on bowed blades of large meridional expansion Turbine

To improve the performance of the Turbofan engine,several measures should be considered during design process.Such measures,relating to aerodynamic characteristic design,include the maximum enthalpy per stage,the shortest axial length,the minimum blade rows and the highest efficient in design and off design condition.To satisfy theses design characters,the meridian geometry of the engine will be excurvature at a high degree transition part between HP and LP turbines.The study is to investigate the effect of blade bowing on flow loss at blade tip and root of the type of turbine.Such turbine,tending towards separation,with severe secondary flow at the tip and strong radial flow at exit,was simulated by the 3D N-S solver Numerca,and there were several different stacking line bowing schemes in all.The results show that tip negative bowing and root positive bowing is able to weaken radial flow,consequently reduce the flow loss at the tip and root.     

分析压气机稳定性的Euler模型

分析压气机稳定性的Ｅｕｌｅｒ模型张明川，唐狄毅关键词ＣＶＤ（化学气相沉积），预涂层，石墨粉，金刚石膜中图分类号ＴＢ４３旋转失速和喘振是压气机固有的不稳定工作现象，是一个具有挑战性的研究课题。以往的分析模型一般建立在小扰动理论基础上，适用于低速不可压流...     

Numerical investigation on bowed blades of Iarge meridional expansion Turbine

To improve the performance of the Turbofan engine,several measures should be considered during design process.Such measures,relating to aerodynamic characteristic design,include the maximum enthalpy per stage,the shortest axial length,the minimum blade rows and the highest efficient in design and off design condition.To satisfy theses design characters,the meridian geometry of the engine will he excurvature at a high degree transition part between HP and LP turbines.The study is to investigate the effect of blade bowing on flow loss at blade tip and root of the type of turbine.Such turbine,tending towards separation,with severe secondary flow at the tip and strong radial flow at exit,was simulated by the 3D N-S solver Numerea,and there were several different stacking line bowing schemes in all.The results show that tip negative bowing and root positive bowing is able to weaken radial flow,consequently reduce the flow loss at the tip and root.     

Nonlinear Pre-deformation Method for Compressor Rotor Blade

压气机转子叶片非线性预变形方法

王永亮,李世豪,郑龙凯,康达

（大连海事大学 船舶与海洋工程学院,大连 116026）

中文说明：

本文综合考虑气动力和离心力对叶片变形的作用,基于载荷增量法,对Stage 37的转子叶片进行了预变形设计。在此基础上,考虑叶片变形过程中的载荷及刚度非线性,对预变形叶片在非设计工况下进行叶型重构,分析了非设计工况下不同叶片构型气动性能及结构参数的变化规律。本方法可为压气机非设计工况气动和气动弹性的强迫响应、颤振等问题的分析提供准确的叶片构型,有助于提高高负荷压气机气动及强度特性分析和检验的精度。

关键词：压气机叶片;预变形;叶型重构;流固耦合;叶片变形

子电池;比容量;液氮

     

Steady air injection flow control for increasing the surge margin of radial flow compressor

Steady air injection upstream of the leading edge was used to increase the surge margin of a centrifugal compressor.To reveal the mechanism,steady numerical simulations were performed on a high pressure ratio centrifugal compressor rotor operated with a rotor tip speed of 586 m/s.Eight different injection yaw angle with four different injection mass flow was performed to determine the configuration that provide the best results for the compression system studied in this work.The injection angle,α,was fifteen degree and the injectors were placed at short distance(ten percent of the inlet tip radius upstream of the compressor face) to achieve maximum control over the leading edge flow by varying individual injection parameters.The results show that at design speed(n=50 000 r/min) with injection flow rate more than 2% of the main flow rate and yaw angle between 20° and 30°,the mass flow rate at stall decreases for approximately 8%.But with higher injection rate,other compressor parameters were affected such as compressor efficiency and compressor total pressure ratio.     

Investigation into the Interaction of Centrifugal Compressor Impeller and Vaneless Diffuser

Theinteractionofcentrifugalcompressorim pelleranddiffusertakesgreateffectontheperfor manceofcentrifugalcompressor.Researchresults showthatwhentheairflowoutoftheimpellerflows throughthediffuser,theefficiencyofthecompressor maydecreaseby10%orso.Soitcanbeofg…     

Experimental investigation of transient characteristics of mild surge and diffuser rotating stall in a centrifugal compressor with vaned diffuser

The centrifugal compressor is widely used for gas compression in various industrial fields such as aero-engine, gas turbine and turbocharger. However, the stable operating range is usually restricted by the occurrence of flow instability such as stall and surge. The paper experimentally examines the developing process of surge and stall occurring in a centrifugal compressor to advance the understanding on flow mechanism of flow instability. It is found that three types of pressure fluctuation can be observed at low flowrate region. At the critical point, the local stall firstly occurs in some specific diffuser passages and the enlarged local diffuser stall eventually induces the mild surge of compression system indicated by the sinusoidal pressure fluctuation. At lower mass flow rate, the diffuser stall cell begins to circumferentially propagate along the impeller rotating direction at 11% of rotor speed with the existence of mild surge. In comparative analysis of IGV pre-swirl angle on the occurrence of mild surge, the mild surge still occurs at the operating condition when the slope of the characteristic map of test stage is still obviously negative, in which the compression system is supposed to be stable in previous study. And a new suggested criterion for the prediction of mild surge is demonstrated that the occurrence of mild surge depends on the destabilization effect of downstream components about diffuser and volute. Combined with the experimental data, the streamwise distribution characteristic of diffuser stall can be used to develop the simplified model of lumped parameters for the analysis on the generation mechanism of the diffuser rotating stall. The quantitative investigation on the relation between the pressure-rise characteristic of subcomponents and the occurrence of mild surge and diffuser rotating stall not only advances the prediction of stability limit but also lays the theoretic foundation for controlling these unsteady behaviors to improve the operating range.     

弯曲叶片降低能量损失的涡动力学机制

采用实验与数值模拟相结合的手段，从涡动力学的角度阐述了弯叶片降低能量损失的机理，研究了在不同攻角，不同出口马赫数，不同弯角条件下涡轮叶栅流场内主要旋涡的生成与发展，并通过与直叶栅的对比，研究了叶片弯曲对马蹄涡起始分离点位置及对通道涡位置强度的影响，从截面涡结构入手，分析了叶片弯曲这种边界条件的改变方式对通道涡稳定性的影响，通过分析在不同气动条件下通道涡对损失贡献的差异指出了在通道涡强度与尺度较大的叶栅，叶片弯曲不但会直接通过改变通道涡的强度，减少通道涡本身的损失来影响损失的大小，同时也会通过对通道涡位置的改变来影响损失的分布与大小。     

考虑封严涂层的航空发动机叶片碰摩过程

为了分析封严涂层对航空发动机压气机叶片碰摩过程的影响,进行叶片-涂层/机匣碰摩过程的仿真模拟和实验研究.建立叶片-涂层/机匣碰摩动力学仿真模型,通过仿真分析获取一定转速下叶片-机匣碰摩和不同侵入深度下叶片-涂层碰摩时的叶尖应力和碰摩力;搭建叶片-涂层/机匣碰摩实验台,通过碰摩实验获取一定转速下叶片-机匣碰摩和不同侵入深度下叶片-涂层碰摩时的碰摩力和机匣上的加速度,分别进行对比分析.分析结果表明：封严涂层的存在有效降低了叶尖的应力和碰摩力以及峰值频率下的机匣振动加速度幅值;碰摩力具有周期性的脉冲特征,碰摩力随着侵入深度的增加而非线性增大;机匣振动加速度峰值频率为叶片通过频率及其倍频,峰值频率下的加速度幅值会随着侵入深度的增加而增大且高频下的增幅较大.     

叶表和端壁抽吸对跨音速压气机稳定性影响对比分析

以NASA Rotor35为研究对象,应用数值模拟手段深入分析了叶表和端壁不同位置抽吸对该压气机稳定性的影响效应。研究结果表明:叶表抽吸虽然使得压气机压比和效率有所升高,但使叶顶前缘脱体激波和间隙泄漏流强度的增加,导致两者相互作用引起的低能堵塞团尺度过早增长,压气机提前进入失速;端壁抽吸改善了转子顶部前缘激波结构,削弱了叶顶低能阻塞团中的高熵流体,改善了叶顶区域的流动,实现了压气机的扩稳效果,但对压气机压比和效率性能改善不明显。     

双级对转压气机多工况数值分析研究

以某双级对转压气机为研究对象,应用数值模拟方法获取不同转速、近喘振点内部流场细微结构,分析了不同工况上下游转子叶片表面流谱特点以及对转、逆压环境中上下游流场相互制约关系,为进一步优化设计对转压气机叶片提供依据。计算结果表明:该对转压气机在多种工况下两排转子来流攻角、落后角都较大,根部和尖部都有较强的分离流动;一级转子叶片表面分离线上游流动速度径向分量较大,可能导致该级转子尖部截面流动分离提前发生;下游转子对上游转子叶片尾迹的反向切割使得其不能按照自身发展规律向下游发展,一方面诱导了上游叶片尾缘附近流动分离,另一方面,对下游叶片来流攻角也产生一定的影响,导致下游转子叶片来流攻角进一步增大,从而加剧了二级转子的分离。     

Flow separation control by using bowed blade in highly loaded turbine cascades

Due to the serious flow separations and centralized vortices,there are high secondary losses in highly loaded turbines.It is imperative to find measures to control the flow separation and vortices hence improve the turbine performance.This paper reports our recent progress on flow separation and vor-tices control in highly loaded turbine cascades by using bowed blades.Two sets of highly loaded tur-bine cascades with the turning angles of 113° and 160°,and each with 7 bowed blade angles 0°(straight),±10°,±20...     

基于改进型动量BP神经网络算法的风扇叶片性能优化研究

为探索叶片优化设计的新途径,获得具有更高气动性能的各类叶片,使用了一种改进型变学习率动量BP神经网络算法和非均匀有理B样条函数法相结合的方法,对某风扇压气机的第2级转子叶片特别是针对其根部基元级进行了气动优化改型设计;通过对转子叶片和整个风扇压气机优化设计前后气动性能的对比分析,表明该优化设计方法确实可行,能够改善转子叶片以及整个风扇压气机的气动性能,使整机的效率和压比分别增长了0.379 4%以及0.225 4%,达到了优化的目的。     

CO2空气源热泵热水器的实验研究

为了研究跨临界CO2热泵系统外界因素对系统性能的影响规律,在自行搭建的实验台上通过改变冷却水体积流量、冷却水进口温度和环境温度研究系统性能变化,分析CO2质量流量、压比、制热量和制热系数(COPh)等系统参数的变化趋势,研究压缩机绝热效率和换热器热交换完善度对制热系数的影响.在测试工况范围内,实验结果表明:当冷却水体积流量增加或冷却水进口温度降低时,CO2质量流量、压比和压缩机功率减少,制热量和制热系数增加;当环境温度升高时,CO2质量流量和制热量增加,压比和压缩机功率基本不变,制热系数增加;压缩机绝热效率与气体冷却器的热交换完善度成为制约制热系数提高的2个重要因素.     

轴流压气机转子性能及间隙流动研究

以一轴流压气机孤立转子实验台为研究对象，对其内部流动进行了全三维的数值模拟。数值计算结果与实验测量结果对比分析表明，程序很好地预测出了孤立转子的总性能和基元性能。以此为基础进一步数值研究了间隙大小的变化对该实验台间隙流动的影响。结果表明，间隙的大小对动叶顶部区域的流动特性，包括间隙流动的发展形式、泄漏涡的强度、间隙流动造成的损失分布等，产生了很大的影响。     

双级对转压气机流场分析研究

以设计的某对转压气机级为研究对象,应用F INE/TURBO和CFX软件研究了设计转速、典型工作状态下该压气机的性能和流场细微结构,为进一步优化对转压气机叶片设计提供了依据。计算结果表明:在压气机中反向旋转转子叶片布局设计较好的前提下,对转技术可以在较小的空间里实现较高的压比,从而大幅度提高发动机的推重比;文中给出的对转压气机设计局部流场结构还未达到最优,三维叶片还需要进一步改进,主要表现在一级转子根部和尖部附面层较厚,并伴随有分离现象;二级转子尖部分离流动强烈,使得下游叶片来流发生较大畸变;出口导叶设计尚不理想,集中表现为在根部和尖部有较弱的分离流。     

二级增压系统中高压级压气机性能研究

为使高低两级压气机达到优化匹配,提高整个二级增压系统的效率,在二级增压系统试验台架上对高压级压气机的性能进行了研究。通过在增压系统中,使新鲜空气首先通过低压级压气机进行预压缩,提高其温度和压力,从而得到高压级压气机的高温高压进口条件。在两级压气机之间设置中冷器,使每一条等转速曲线,高压级压气机进口温度保持不变。试验结果表明,由于进口温度提高,压气机折合转速与实际转速相差较大,为达到预定压比,必须进一步提高压气机转速;进口压力大幅度提高是造成高压级压气机折合流量偏小的主要原因;为避免高压级压气机发生喘振,应控制高压级压气机的进口压力。     

Simulation of volute tongue of small-size centrifugal compressor

A high speed and small mass-flow-rate centrifugal compressor with original and modified volute tongue shape was simulated by 3D viscous Navier-Stokes equations.A sharp and a round tongue of volute were...