共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
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采用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)及取向成像显微(OIM)技术研究了冷轧变形量对再结晶后304不锈钢显微组织及晶界特征分布(GBCD)的影响。结果表明,经过冷轧变形5%及高温(1100℃)短时间(5 min)再结晶退火可将304不锈钢的低ΣCSL(Σ≤29)晶界比例提高到75%(Palumbo-Aust标准)以上,并形成了大尺寸"互有Σ3n取向关系晶粒的团簇"。这是提高低ΣCSL晶界比例后显微组织的重要特征。对晶粒团簇中的晶粒进行孪晶链及取向孪晶链的分析,可以确定晶粒团簇内任何两个晶粒之间的多重孪晶阶次。在一个被分析的团簇内,观察到两个晶粒之间最高为Σ38取向关系。随着再结晶退火前冷轧变形量的增加,晶粒团簇的尺寸减小,同时低ΣCSL晶界的比例也下降。 相似文献
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采用显微硬度测试仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察及能谱分析,研究了Al-0.5Mg-1.0Si-0.8Cu(wt.%)合金的晶界析出规律和晶内析出相的粗化机制。结果表明:180℃时效处理的Al-0.5Mg-1.0Si-0.8Cu(wt.%)合金晶界处存在富Si相和Q相两类不连续分布的析出相,它们的尺寸分别约为1 mm和几十纳米;时效0.5 h时晶界处有少量富Si相,时效5 h时晶界富Si相明显增多,时效36 h时富Si相开始粗化且间距变大,再进一步时效其形貌和分布变化不大;晶界Q相与相邻晶粒铝基体的界面取向关系是:[510]Al//[1120]Q;时效36 h晶内开始出现粗化析出相,且随时效继续进行合金晶内析出大量粗化相,存在明显的晶界无析出带现象。晶内粗化析出相主要含有Si元素,呈片状、球状和棒状3种形貌。其中,棒状Si析出相是沿〈001〉Al方向生长的,且〈112〉Si//〈001〉Al,{111}Si//{010}Al。 相似文献
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为评价选区激光熔化成形GH3536航空发动机零件的高温服役性能,采用既定工艺制备了拉伸试棒,并对其进行了去应力退火和热等静压(HT+HIP)处理,然后测试了其在20~815℃的拉伸性能,并分析了合金的显微组织、断口形貌和断裂机制。结果表明:HT+HIP处理后,晶界析出(Cr,Mo)23C6,晶粒发生部分等轴化转变,但仍保留了定向凝固特性,垂直于成形方向的截面组织中的晶粒更细、晶界更多,沿晶界析出的链状碳化物使得晶界弱化,断裂机制以沿晶断裂为主;晶粒尺寸的各向异性是不同成形方向试棒力学性能和断口形貌存在差异的主要原因;随着测试温度升高,抗拉强度下降,延伸率先升后降;断裂机制随温度升高发生转变,高温下的沿晶断裂机制比室温下的更明显,塑性变形程度更小,裂纹更长。 相似文献
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以MnCl2,MnC2O4和Na2WO4为反应前驱体,以KOH为矿化剂,在没有采用任何表面活性剂和模板的条件下,采用水热法成功制备出MnWO4晶体。用X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对制备出的MnWO4晶体的结构和形貌进行了表征,并对MnWO4晶体的形成机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明,反应前驱体和pH值可以控制MnWO4晶体的一维取向生长。当以MnCl2作为锰源,随着pH值的升高,制得的MnWO4晶体的形貌由球形向棒状转变,制得的MnWO4纳米棒的长度约为200nm,直径约为30nm。而当采用MnC2O4作为锰源,当PH值升高时,制得的MnWO4晶体的形貌由纳米棒向纳米线转变,最终制得的MnWO4纳米线的长度为1~1.5μm,直径为20-50nm。 相似文献
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采用熔盐法制备了各向异性生长的SrBi4Ti4O15粉体,研究了工艺参数对晶粒形貌和尺寸的影响。发现煅烧温度、盐的种类和盐的用量显著影响晶粒的形貌和尺寸。晶粒平均尺寸随着温度升高而逐渐增大,由不规则片状向圆片状发育。随着盐用量的增加,晶粒平均尺寸先增大后减小,且在硫酸盐中,晶粒尺寸明显大于相同条件下盐酸盐中的尺寸。和固相法相比,熔盐法合成的粉体具有(00l)择优生长的优点。通过调整工艺参数可以控制晶粒的形貌和尺寸,制备各向异性生长的SrBi4Ti4O15粉体。 相似文献
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Wonyoung Lee Hee Joon Jung Min Hwan Lee Young‐Beom Kim Joong Sun Park Robert Sinclair Fritz B. Prinz 《Advanced functional materials》2012,22(5):965-971
The role of grain boundaries on oxygen surface exchange in an oxide ion conductor is reported. Atomic‐scale characterization of the microstructure and chemical composition near the grain boundaries of gadolinia‐doped ceria (GDC) thin films show the segregation of dopants and oxygen vacancies along the grain boundaries using the energy dispersive spectroscopy in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM‐EDS). Kelvin probe microscopy is employed to verify the charge distribution near grain boundaries and shows that the grain boundary is positively charged, indicating a high concentration of oxygen vacancies. AC impedance spectroscopy on polycrystalline GDC membranes with thin interfacial layers with different grain boundary densities at the cathodes demonstrated that the cells with higher grain boundary density result in lower electrode impedance and higher exchange current density. These experimental evidences clearly show that grain boundaries on the surface provide preferential reaction sites for facilitated oxygen incorporation into the GDC electrolyte. 相似文献
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采用金相、SEM、XRD和EBSD等分析方法,对双相不锈钢管N元素偏聚区域组织进行成分及结构的分析.结果表明:双相不锈钢管有100μm宽的带状N元素偏聚区,中心开裂,该区域基本为奥氏体单相组织,内部晶粒粗大且为等轴晶,以Σ3重位点阵(CSL)晶界为主,出现频率约为40%.而远离偏聚区中,铁素体奥氏体双相组织的相比例正常,奥氏体晶粒细小呈条状,也以Σ3晶界为主,出现频率降为27%.N偏聚区奥氏体与正常区奥氏体组织均可形成<111>∥RD及<110>∥ND方向的织构,但偏聚区奥氏体织构强度较之正常区域弱. 相似文献
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两种实验合金(DD00和DD0WR)被设计用于阐明难熔元素W/Re对镍基单晶高温合金再结晶行为的影响。对比DD00合金,加入W/Re的DD0WR合金的再结晶形核阶段被延长,晶粒长大速率减慢,这也意味着DD0WR合金的再结晶行为明显受到抑制。通过透射电镜(TEM)明场像观察,随着热处理时间地延长,DD0WR合金的位错密度消除得更慢。结合TEM中扫描透射电子显微探测器(STEM)和X射线能谱仪(EDS)观察发现,在DD0WR合金中,位错和晶界处有W/Re元素富集。据此可知,对于DD0WR合金,由于难熔元素W/Re在位错和晶界处富集,阻碍了位错运动和晶界迁移,有效地抑制了再结晶的发生。 相似文献
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Cubic stabilized zirconia bicrystals with [110] symmetric tilt grain boundaries were fabricated by diffusion bonding of two single crystals with the composition of ZrO2-9.6mol%Y2O3. The structures of symmetric tilt small angle grain boundary and two types of symmetric tilt sigma3 grain boundaries with different grain boundary planes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM) observations clarified that the [110] small angle tilt grain boundary consists of periodic array of b = a/2[110] type edge dislocations. This result is consistent with Frank's dislocation model for small angle grain boundary. HREM observation also revealed that the 70.5 degrees sigma3 grain boundary shows atomically coherent grain boundary structure with the boundary plane of [111], while the 109.5 degrees sigma3 grain boundary accompanies grain boundary facets taking [111]/[115] asymmetric grain boundary plane. Because of the very low surface energy of [111] plane and/or high lattice matching of [111] and [115] type planes, the grain boundary faceting may be preferred in spite of increasing grain boundary area to about 6%. TEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were performed on both sigma3 grain boundaries, and the segregation of yttrium ions to the boundaries was detected in both cases. The amount of segregation is about the same in both sigma3 boundaries. It can be concluded that the segregation of yttrium ions to sigma3 grain boundary exists in cubic zirconia. 相似文献